Signifying transboundary cooperation from local to global development targets Experiences from the Danube River Basin
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The document summarizes international cooperation for water management in the Danube River Basin. It discusses the International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River (ICPDR), which coordinates implementation of EU directives. The ICPDR works to make the river basin cleaner, healthier, and safer from floods by 2021 through its Danube River Basin Management Plan and Flood Risk Management Plan. It also cooperates with other organizations and frameworks to manage water, ecosystems, hydropower, agriculture, and climate adaptation across boundaries in a sustainable way.
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Signifying transboundary cooperation from local to global development targets Experiences from the Danube River Basin
- 1. International Cooperation in Water Management ICPDR Péter Kovács Katmandu, 14-15 November 2018 Bridging Boundaries - ICIMOD Signifying transboundary cooperation from local to to global development targets Experiences from the Danube River Basin
- 3. The Danube under pressure 1,4,5,6:iStockphoto;3:wikipedia,GFDL
- 4. Danube River Protection Convention 29 June 1994, Sofia (Bulgaria) Protection of water & ecological resources Sustainable use of water Reduce nutrients & hazardous substances ICPDR coordinates basin-wide implementation of EU Water Framework Directive & EU Floods Directive Manage floods & ice hazards
- 5. The ICPDR working for the Danube VERBUND/T.Topf LBSWien Künzelmann/UFZ Schwarzl
- 6. Role of ICPDR regarding EU Directives (WFD & FD) Part A: Danube River Basin = ICPDR Part B: Countries, bi-lateral, sub-basin organisations Part C: Management units within country
- 7. Roadmap to cleaner, healthier & safer water by 2021 Danube River Basin Manage- ment Plan Update 2015 1st Danube Flood Risk Management Plan
- 8. Example 1 – „cleaner“: Cut pollution from settlements A.Haiden/BMLFUWAT
- 9. 2005 2005/06 2005/06 From red to blue: Treating our waste water
- 10. 2011/12 2011/12 From red to blue: Treating our waste water
- 11. 2021 2021 From red to blue: Treating our waste water (planned)
- 12. Example 2 – „healthier“: Water and ecosystems RalfReinartz
- 13. Good living conditions for animals & plants ICPDR/ViktórPálinger Donauauen.at/Kovacs A.Künzelmann/UFZ A.Künzelmann/UFZ A.Künzelmann/UFZ
- 14. Example 3 - „safer“: No more damages from floods ZsófiaKugler-BME
- 17. Water connects HydropowerAgriculture Inland Navigation Climate Adaptation Images:wikipedia,GFDL
- 18. ICPDR/ViktórPálinger Healthy rivers for our future. It is in our hands.
- 19. Cooperation with other Organisations The Carpathian Convention The Framework Convention on the Protection and Sustainable Development of t was signed in 2003 by Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slovak Republic and Ukraine and is in force since 2006. - ICPDR Climate Change Strategy The Alpine Convention The Framework Convention between the Alpine Countries (Austria, France, Germany, Italy, Liechtenstein, Monaco, Slovenia and Switzerland) as well as the EU, for the sustainable development and protection of the Alps. was signed Salzburg on 7 November 1991 Water Management in the Alps Platform - sustainable hydropower - sediment management
- 21. The Water Convention - Convention on the Protection and Use of Transboundary Watercourses and International Lakes Objective: to protect and ensure the quantity, quality and sustainable use of transboundary water resources by facilitating cooperation The Convention is based on three main pillars: Principle of prevention Principle of reasonable and equitable utilization Principle of cooperation Sustainability of resources is the overarching objective http://unece.org/env/water A sound legal framework An active institutional framework Activities and projects on the ground Support to transboundary water cooperation thanks to:
- 22. Water Convention’s globalization • 1992: Adoption of the Water Convention • 1996: Entry into force of the Convention • 2003: Adoption of the amendment allowing all UN Member States to accede to the Convention • 2012: Blanket approval by the Meeting of the Parties for all future requests for accession • 2013: Entry into force of the amendment • 1st March 2016: Operationalization of the Amendment: all UN Member States can accede to the Convention - More than 60 countries from outside UNECE have already participated in the Convention’s activities - Several countries have expressed interest to accession or have the process on- going: Cameroon, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ghana, Iraq, Lebanon, Peru, Senegal, Togo, Tunisia, Vietnam - Chad acceded as first non-UNECE country in February 2018, will be followed by Senegal from 12. 2019.
- 23. Status of ratification of the UNECE Water Convention 42 Parties + Senegal from 12.2019
- 24. Assistance to the Parties The Convention • provides support to its Parties in establishing agreements and bodies or in strengthening existing ones; • helps the implementation of obligations aimed at prevention, control and reduction of significant transboundary impact, improves water resources management at the national level; • offers the use of the Convention’s trust fund, which supports the effective implementation; • supports and organizes seminars and other training activities, studies and pilot projects, as well as for support to participation of experts from eligible countries in workshops, seminars, symposia and other meetings; • Implementation Committee can help Parties in all questions regarding implementation of the Convention and facilitate the settlement of the various differences and disputes.
- 25. Other benefits of accession The Parties •has a solid international legal framework •can openly discuss and resolve challenges and address new, more advanced issues in cooperation in specific basins through the exchange of experiences and good practices. •gives access to financial assistance and donor cooperation •contributes to international peace and security •gives a country can participate in the Water Convention’s institutional structure and decision making, so fostering the implementation of the Convention and its further development. •provides advice and sharing of experience •can have all kind of support from the community of Parties
- 26. Measuring transboundary water cooperation SDG 6: “Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all”. Target 6.5: By 2030, implement integrated water resources management at all levels, including through transboundary cooperation as appropriate. • 107 country responded by March 2018 (out of 153 countries sharing transboundary waters) Indicator 6.5.2 available for 61 countries (transboundary river & lake basins and aquifers) 86 countries provided accurate data for transboundary river & lake basins, and 63 countries for transboundary aquifers • 59% = average of the national percentage of transboundary basins covered by an operational arrangement • 17 countries with all transboundary basins covered by operational arrangements • Significant effort needed to ensure that operational arrangements cover all transboundary waters, especially
- 27. Intersectoral (nexus) approach to achievement of the SDGs • Water is a necessary for provision of sustainable energy for all and for food security, as well as protection & sustainable use of ecosystems. Transboundary cooperation helps SDGs implementation. • The Water Convention provides a platform for dialogue, tools/resources, guidance: In 4 basins, participatory nexus assessments carried out. Supports SDG implementation by providing: • Insights to understanding sectoral SDGs interdependencies: Mapping intersectoral governance; assessing what implications sectoral development plans and targets may have; identifying the trade-offs in managing water, energy, land and ecosystems… • Jointly identified possible synergic solutions to development challenges: institutions, information, instruments, infrastructure, international cooperation -> possible cooperative ways forward • Lessons: Broad participation of sectors in a dialogue about balancing development and the environment! Need to find the mutual interest/benefit (e.g. water and energy efficiency commonly mutually beneficial). Targeted communication, addressing different sectors.
- 28. Thank you for your kind attention !
Editor's Notes
- The Convention is based on three complementary and mutually sustaining obligations, THREE PILLARS: The obligation to take all appropriate measure to prevent control and reduce transboundary impacts. The obligation to ensure that transboundary waters are used in a reasonable and equitable way, so all riparian should benefit from the water in an equitable manner The obligation for riparian to cooperate through the establishment of agreements that foresee joint bodies responsible for joint management It has to be stressed that it’s this three tiered approach that makes the strength of the Convention as indeed the first two principles are very general and their translation in practice can only be achieved trough cooperation and agreement by riparian countries. Moreover the translation into practice also evolves. As a situation that is equitable at a given moment might not be so after changes in the condition and there again you need a mechanism for cooperation to adapt to the changing conditions. Therefore the establishment of legal and institutional mechanism provide the concrete means for the practical implementation of the standards of cooperation required by the Convention and provide a powerful incentive for further and more advanced cooperation It should also be noted that the overarching objective is the sustainability of the resources. For example an agreement that was is reasonable and equitable by the riparian countries but results in the depletion of the resources would not be in compliance with the Convention which
- Water is at the core of sustainable development. Water is necessary for provision of sustainable energy for all and for food security, as well as protection & sustainable use of ecosystems. As most of the water resources are transboundary, cooperation is essential to ensure the implementation of almost all SDGs, including those under in depth review at the coming HLPF. The water-food-energy- ecosystem nexus approach which the Convention has been promoting since 20012 is particularly relevant to SDG 6, 7, 2 and 15. Under this programme area we have carried out participatory nexus assessments in 4 transboundary basins and two more are ongoing. These exercises have supported the implementation of the SDGs by: Insights to understanding sectoral SDGs interdependencies: Mapping intersectoral governance; assessing what implications sectoral development plans and targets may have; identifying the trade-offs in managing water, energy, land and ecosystems… Assessing intersectoral effects and opportunities can show Governments where cooperation and coordination can help to achieve more sustainable development, without compromising the integrity of ecosystems. Jointly identified possible synergic solutions to development challenges: institutions, information, instruments, infrastructure, international cooperation -> possible cooperative ways forward The main lesson is that intersectoral coordination is challenging: Sectors might perceive that it constrains their own development. Consulting and considering different interests are time-consuming. Incentives for intersectoral work are often lacking. However, the resulting mutual learning and sustainability compensate for these additional efforts. There is a need to find the mutual interest/benefits (e.g. water and energy efficiency commonly mutually beneficial). There is also a need for targeted communication, addressing different sectors according to their language and priorities. In this work, we have closely cooperated with the UNECE Energy Division, in particular the UNECE Group of Experts on Renewable Energy and it has proven extremely fruitful. A recent example of common work is the brochure "Deployment of Renewable Energy: The Water-Energy-Food-Ecosystems Nexus Approach to Support the Sustainable Development Goals - Good Practices and Policies for Intersectoral Synergies to Deploy Renewable Energy”