Frameworks give you a rich toolset to do complex tasks very easy and developers all love it. But then you need to update your framework from one version to another and things are falling apart because of the tight coupling with your business logic. In this talk I show a couple of actual scenarios that went wrong when we moved from one framework to another and the solutions we applied to abstract business logic from framework logic. Even if you're not planning on migrating frameworks yet, decoupling is a good practice that will give you less headaches in the future.

1. DECOUPLE YOUR FRAMEWORK NOW,
THANK ME LATER
MICHELANGELO VAN DAM - @DRAGONBE

2. MICHELANGELO VAN DAM
CEO at in2it
Lead PHP architect
Community leader
Coach & mentor
FOSS contributor
Public speaker

3. FRAMEWORKS ARE GREAT!
• They abstract common tasks like email, database connectivity, routing
and a ton more…
• They allow us to quickly develop complex applications
• They offer good to great security and robustness

4. BUT…
• Frameworks have a nasty aftertaste when building business logic
• You need to use their database, log or cache adapter everywhere
• View templates are requiring framework components like
translations, escaping and other trivial purposes
• Best practices require to use modules, bundles or features to
separate business logic components

5. IMPROVEMENTS THROUGH STANDARDS
• The PHP-FIG standards motivates frameworks to use great
components to abstract functionality and ensure interoperability with
other frameworks and tools
• Major frameworks already offer this straight off the bat
• But add their own “secret sauce” to link it within their framework,
even when using Dependency Injection

6. WHAT ARE THE CHALLENGES?

7. UPGRADE (OR CHANGE) YOUR FRAMEWORK

8. UPGRADE TO THE LATEST PHP VERSION

9. BUSINESS LOGIC AND FRAMEWORKS MIXED
Framework X Business Logic
BL DB
FW DB
FW Logging
FW Mail
FW Service
BL Logging
BL Mail
BL Services

10. APPLYING INTERFACES IN BETWEEN
Framework X Business Logic
FW DB
FW
Logging
FW Mail
FW
Service
BL DB
BL
Logging
BL Mail
BL
Services
DB Interface
Logging Interface
Mail Interface
Service Interface

11. RESTAURANT PRINCIPLE

12. THE HOSTES
WILL BRING YOU TO YOUR
TABLE AND GIVES YOU THE
MENU AND WINE LIST.

13. A WAITER
WILL TAKE YOUR ORDER
FOR DRINKS AND FOOD

14. BARTENDER
WILL PREPARE YOUR
DRINKS

15. KITCHEN
WILL PREPARE YOUR MEAL

16. YOUR WAITER
BRINGS YOUR DRINKS

17. YOUR WAITER
WILL DELIVER YOUR FOOD

18. YOUR WAITER
WILL GIVE YOU THE BILL
WHEN DONE

20. YOUR WAITER
• Interfaces with the hostess to get started
• Interfaces with you to take your order
• Interfaces with the bar for drinks
• Interfaces with the cash register to present you a bill

21. YOUR WAITER
• Receives notification you have arrived at your table
• Receives your order from you
• Receives drinks from the bartender
• Receives food from the kitchen
• Receives money from you

22. HOW DO WE DO THIS IN CODE?

23. INTERFACES
DESIGN BY CONTRACTS

24. WHAT ARE INTERFACES
• Interfaces define a requirement without concrete implementation
• There’s no limit on interfaces implemented
• Everyone understands the “contract” immediately
• One interface per goal, feature or purpose

25. COMMON INTERFACES IN PHP
• Countable
• Iterator (and derivates)
• See language.oop5.interfaces on php.net for more details!

26. CUSTOM INTERFACES
interface TableGatewayInterface
{
public function find(int $id): array;
public function fetchRow(
array $where = [],
array $order = []
): array;
public function fetchAll(
array $where = [],
array $order = [],
int $count = 0,
int $offset = 0
): array;
public function insert(array $data): int;
public function update(array $data, array $where = []): int;
}

27. BONUS: VERY TESTABLE!!!
• No need to implement concrete code, just use interfaces to guide
your development
• A class can implement multiple interfaces, testing can occur on a
single interface functionality at a time.

28. EVENTS

29. WHAT ARE EVENTS?
• Events allow us to run tasks in the background and call back when
completed.
• Implements the observer pattern (e.g. SplSubject & SplObserver)
• One observer can have many subscribers
• A subscriber can subscribe to many observer objects

30. EXAMPLE
$memberService = new MemberService();
$memberService->attach(new DBObserver());
$memberService->attach(new LogObserver());
$memberService->attach(new EmailObserver());
$memberService->attach(new CacheObserver());
$memberService->attach(new SearchObserver());
$memberService->register(new Member('John', 'Doe', 'j.doe@example.com'));

31. EVENT OBSERVATION
Register
DB
Log
Email
Cache
Search
Storing in DB
Logging
Sending email
Write to cache
Update indexes

32. EVENT OBSERVATION AFTER EVENTS
Register
DB
Log
Email
Cache
Search
Storing in DB
Logging
Sending email
Write to cache
Update indexes

33. BENEFITS
• Reusable logic
• Runs in the background, so no delays
• Scalable

34. GLUING ALL TOGETHER

35. Core Business
Logic
Silex Web
Frontend
Apigility
API
Phalcon Web
Backend

36. Core Business
Logic
Slim Web
Frontend
Zend
Expressive
API
Python Web
Backend

37. GLUE CLASS TO INTERACT 1/3
class SilexServiceProvider implements ServiceProviderInterface
{
public function register(Container $container)
{
$dsn = $container['cb_config_db.dsn'] ?: '';
$username = $container['cb_config_db.username'] ?: '';
$password = $container['cb_config_db.password'] ?: '';
$pdo = new PDO($dsn, $username, $password);
$authorTable = new AuthorTable($pdo);
$authorHydrator = new AuthorHydrator();
$author = new Author();
$bookTable = new BookTable($pdo);
$bookHydrator = new BookHydrator();
$book = new Book();
$memberTable = new MemberTable($pdo);
$memberHydrator = new MemberHydrator();
$member = new Member();

38. GLUE CLASS TO INTERACT 2/3
$serviceLocator = new ServiceLocator();
$serviceLocator
->set('CloudbooksAuthorModelAuthorTable', $authorTable)
->set('CloudbooksAuthorModelAuthorHydrator', $authorHydrator)
->set('CloudbooksAuthorEntityAuthor', $author)
->set('CloudbooksBookModelBookTable', $bookTable)
->set('CloudbooksBookModelBookHydrator', $bookHydrator)
->set('CloudbooksBookEntityBook', $book)
->set('CloudbooksMemberModelMemberTable', $memberTable)
->set('CloudbooksMemberModelMemberHydrator', $memberHydrator)
->set('CloudbooksMemberEntityMember', $member);
}

39. GLUE CLASS TO INTERACT 3/3
$container['cb_author_service'] = $container->factory(function () use ($serviceLocator) {
$serviceFactory = new AuthorServiceFactory();
return $serviceFactory->createService($serviceLocator);
});
$container['cb_book_service'] = $container->factory(function () use ($serviceLocator) {
$serviceFactory = new BookServiceFactory();
return $serviceFactory->createService($serviceLocator);
});
$container['cb_member_service'] = $container->factory(function () use ($serviceLocator) {
$serviceFactory = new MemberServiceFactory();
return $serviceFactory->createService($serviceLocator);
});
}

40. LET’S RECAP

42. https://github.com/sensiolabs-de/deptrac

43. THANK YOU!