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BAB 4 KOMPOSISI KIMIA DALAM SEL
4.1 KOMPOSISI KIMIA DALAM SEL
SPM 2005, SOALAN 4
1. The main components of a plant cell membrane are
Komponen utama membran sel tumbuhan ialah
A lipid and carbohydrate
lipid dan karbohidrat
B protein and carbohydrate
protein dan karbohidrat
C protein and lipid
protein dan lipid
D protein, lipid and carbohydrate
protein, lipid dan karbohidrat
4.2 KARBOHIDRAT
SPM 2008 SOALAN 8
2. Maklumat berikut
menunjukkan
molekul kanji
melalui proses X.
Apakah proses X?
A Fotosintesis B Pempolimeran
C Kondensasi D Hidrolisis
3 Diagram 8 shows the process of formation of a disaccharide molecule. What is process
X?
Rajah 8 menunjukkan proses pembentukan molekul disakarida. Apakah proses X?
A Dialysis B Condensation
Dialisis Kondensasi
C Hydrolysis D Assimilation
Hidrolisis Asimilasi
SPM 2011, SOALAN 10
4 Which of the following is a polysaccharide?
Antara yang berikut, yang manakah polisakarida?
A Cellulose B Fructose
Selulosa Fruktosa
C Sukrose D Glucose
Sukrosa Glukosa
4.3 PROTEIN
SPM 2009, SOALAN 10
5 Which of the following represents the hydolysis of protein?
Antara yang berikut, yang manakah mewakili hidrolisis protein?
A Polypeptides water + dipeptides
Polipeptida air + dipeptida
A Dipeptides water + polypeptides
Dipeptida air + polipeptida
C Dipeptides + water polypeptides
Dipeptida + air polipeptida
D Polypeptides + water dipeptides
Polipeptida + air dipeptida
6 Diagram 4 shows the structure of a protein molecule. Which is the level of organisation
of this protein?
Rajah 4 menunjukkan struktur molekul protein. Apakah aras organisasi protein ini?
A Primary B Secondary
Primer Sekunder
C Tertiary D Quaternary
Tertier Kuartener
4.4 LIPID
SPM 2007, SOALAN 6
7 Table 1 shows the elements found in the food classes X and Y.
Jadual 1 menunjukkan unsur-unsur yang terdapat dalam kelas makanan X dan Y.
Table 1
Jadual 1
Food class X
Kelas makanan X
Food class Y
Kelas makanan Y
A Carbohydrate/ karbohidrat Lipid
B Lipid Protein
C Protein Carbohydrate/ karbohidrat
D Protein Lipid
4.5 ENZIM
SPM 2005, SOALAN 3
8. The figure shows the breaking down of a complex molecule by an enzyme.
Which of the molecules A, B, C or D, represents the substrate?
Rajah menunjukkan proses penguraian molekul kompleks oleh enzim.
Antara molekul A, B, C dan D, yang manakah mewakili substrat?
9. The graph shows the optimum pH of an enzyme Y in its reaction.
Graf menunjukkan pH optimum satu enzim Y dalam tindak balasnya.
Enzyme Y is
Enzim Y ialah
A salivary amylase B pepsin
amilase liur pepsin
C trypsin D rennin
tripsin renin
10 Diagram 3 shows the rate of enzyme hydrolysis reactions, R and S, in the human
body.
Rajah 3 menunjukkan kadar tindak balas enzim hidrolisis R dan S dalam badan
manusia.
Which of the following is true about enzymes R and S?
Antara yang berikut, yang manakah benar tentang enzim R dan S?
Enzyme R
Enzim R
Enzyme S
Enzim S
A
Secreted in the stomach
Dirembes di dalam perut
Secreted into the duodenum
Dirembes ke dalam duoenum
B
The active site changes at pH more
than 4
Tapak aktif berubah pada pH lebih
daripada 4
The active site changes at pH more than 7
Tapak aktif berubah pada pH lebih
daripada 7
C
R is trypsin
R ialah tripsin
S is lipase
S ialah lipase
D
Synthesized in the rough endoplasmic
reticulum
Disintesiskan dalam jalinan
endoplasma kasar
Synthesized in the smooth endoplasmic
reticulum
Disintesiskan dalam jalinan endoplasma
licin
SPM 2006, SOALAN 16
11 Which of the following is true about the enzyme and its function?
Antara yang berikut, yang manakah benar tentang jenis enzim dan fungsinya?
SPM 2007, SOALAN 7
12 Diagram 4 shows the structures of a substrate and an enzyme.
Rajah 4 menunjukkan struktur substrat dan enzim.
Which of the labelled parts A, B, C or D is the active site?
Antara A, B, C dan D, yang manakah tapak aktif?
SPM 2008 SOALAN 6
13 Diagram 4 is a graph which shows the relationship between the rate of reaction and
the substrate concentration when factor Y is varied.
Rajah 4 ialah graf yang menunjukkan perhubungan antara kadar tindak balas dan
kepekatan substrat
apabila faktor Y
diubah.
What is factor Y?
Apakah faktor Y?
A pH B Time
pH Masa
C Inhibitor D Enzyme concentration
Perencat Kepekatan enzim
SPM 2006, SOALAN 7
14 Diagram 5 shows the mechanism of enzyme action.
Rajah 5 menunjukkan mekanisma tindakan enzim.
Which of the following can be deduced from Diagram 5?
Antara yang berikut, yang manakah kesimpulan daripada Rajah 5?
I Enzyme action is specific
Tindakan enzim adalah spesifik
II Enzyme reaction is reversible
Tindakan enzim adalah berbalik
III Enzyme is not destroyed at the end of the reaction
Enzim tidak dimusnahkan pads akhir tindak balas
IV Optimum temperature for enzyme reaction is 40°C
Suhu optimum untuk tindakan enzim ialah 40°C
A I and II
I dan 11
B I and III
I dan III
C II and IV
II dan IV
D III and IV
III dan IV
SPM 2009 SOALAN 7
15 Diagram 6 shows organelles P, Q and R that are involved in the synthesis and
secretion of an extracellular enzyme. The process begins at DNA.
Rajah 6 menunjukkan organel P, Q dan R yang terlibat dalam sintesis dan rembesan
enzim luar sel. Proses ini bermula di DNA.
Which sequence is correct in the production of the extracellular enzyme?
Urutan manakah yang betul dalam penghasilan enzim luar sel?
A P  Q  R
B Q  P  R
C R  Q P
D R  P  Q
SPM 2010, SOALAN 6
16 What is the optimum temperature for enzyme reactions in the human body?
Apakah suhu optimum bagi tindak balas enzim dalam badan manusia?
A 27°C B 30°C
C 37°C D 40°C
SPM 2010, SOALAN 7
17 Diagram 5 shows the 'lock and key' hypothesis of enzyme action.
Rajah 5 menunjukkan hipotesis 'mangga dan kunci' bagi tindakan enzim.
What are P, Q and R?
Apakah P, Q dan R?
SPM 2010, SOALAN 8
18 Diagram 6 shows an experiment to study the action of pepsin on protein.
Rajah 6 menunjukkan suatu eksperimen untuk mengkaji tindakan pepsin ke atas
protein
The contents of the test tube are mixture of 2 ml of albumen suspension which has been
boiled and cooled. 1 ml of 1% pepsin solution and four drops of 0.1 M hydrochloric acid. The
albumen suspension turns clear after 30 minutes.
Which step is able to reduce the time taken for the albumen suspension to turn clear?
Kandungan dalam tabung uji itu ialah campuran 2 ml ampaian albumen yang telah
dididihkan dan disejukkan, 1 ml 1% larutan pepsin dan empat titis 0.1 M asid hidroklorik.
Ampaian albumen menjadi jernih selepas 30 minit. Langkah manakah yang dapat
mengurangkan masa yang diambil oleh ampaian albumen untuk menjadi jernih.,
A Reduce the volume of 0.1 M hydrochloric acid to two drops
Kurangkan isi padu 0.1 M asid hidroklorik kepada dua titis
B Reduce the temperature of water bath to 30°C
Kurangkan suhu kukus air kepada 30°C
C Increase the volume of 1% pepsin solution to 2 ml
Tingkatkan isi padu 1% larutan pepsin kepada 2 mf
D Increase the volume of albumen suspension to 4 ml
Tingkatkan isi padu ampaian albumen kepada 4 ml
SPM 2010, SOALAN 9
19 Diagram 7 shows structure P in a cell which is involved in producing extracellular
enzymes. Rajah 7 menunjukkan struktur P dalam suatu sel yang terlibat dalam
penghasilan enzim luar sel.
What will happen if structure P fails to fuse with the Golgi apparatus?
Apakah yang akan berlaku jika struktur P gagal bercantum dengan jasad Golgi?
A Proteins are not synthesised
Protein tidak disintesis
B Proteins are not modified
Protein tidak diubahsuai
C Proteins are denatured
Protein dinyahaslikan
D Protein are hydrolysed
Protein dihidrolisiskan
SPM 2011, SOALAN 11
20. Diagram 5 shows two shirts, P and Q, that were stained with butter. The shirts
were washed with washing powder that contains enzyme X at different temperatures.
Rajah 5 menunjukkan dua helai baju, P dan Q, yang dikotori oleh mentega. Baju-baju
tersebut dicuci dengan serbuk pencuci yang mengandungi enzim X pada suhu yang
berbeza.
What is enzyme X and the possible temperatures that were used for P and Q?
Apakah enzim X dan suhu yang mungkin telah digunakan untuk P dan Q?
JAWAPAN
1 C
2 D
3 B
4 A
5 D
6 C
7 B
8 B
9 C
10 A
11 A
12 C
13 D
14 B
15 C
16 C
17 B
18 C
19 B
20 A

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Tingkatan 4 bab 4 chemical composition

  • 1. BAB 4 KOMPOSISI KIMIA DALAM SEL 4.1 KOMPOSISI KIMIA DALAM SEL SPM 2005, SOALAN 4 1. The main components of a plant cell membrane are Komponen utama membran sel tumbuhan ialah A lipid and carbohydrate lipid dan karbohidrat B protein and carbohydrate protein dan karbohidrat C protein and lipid protein dan lipid D protein, lipid and carbohydrate protein, lipid dan karbohidrat 4.2 KARBOHIDRAT SPM 2008 SOALAN 8 2. Maklumat berikut menunjukkan molekul kanji melalui proses X. Apakah proses X? A Fotosintesis B Pempolimeran C Kondensasi D Hidrolisis 3 Diagram 8 shows the process of formation of a disaccharide molecule. What is process X?
  • 2. Rajah 8 menunjukkan proses pembentukan molekul disakarida. Apakah proses X? A Dialysis B Condensation Dialisis Kondensasi C Hydrolysis D Assimilation Hidrolisis Asimilasi SPM 2011, SOALAN 10 4 Which of the following is a polysaccharide? Antara yang berikut, yang manakah polisakarida? A Cellulose B Fructose Selulosa Fruktosa C Sukrose D Glucose Sukrosa Glukosa 4.3 PROTEIN SPM 2009, SOALAN 10 5 Which of the following represents the hydolysis of protein? Antara yang berikut, yang manakah mewakili hidrolisis protein? A Polypeptides water + dipeptides Polipeptida air + dipeptida A Dipeptides water + polypeptides Dipeptida air + polipeptida C Dipeptides + water polypeptides Dipeptida + air polipeptida
  • 3. D Polypeptides + water dipeptides Polipeptida + air dipeptida 6 Diagram 4 shows the structure of a protein molecule. Which is the level of organisation of this protein? Rajah 4 menunjukkan struktur molekul protein. Apakah aras organisasi protein ini? A Primary B Secondary Primer Sekunder C Tertiary D Quaternary Tertier Kuartener 4.4 LIPID SPM 2007, SOALAN 6 7 Table 1 shows the elements found in the food classes X and Y. Jadual 1 menunjukkan unsur-unsur yang terdapat dalam kelas makanan X dan Y. Table 1 Jadual 1 Food class X Kelas makanan X Food class Y Kelas makanan Y A Carbohydrate/ karbohidrat Lipid B Lipid Protein
  • 4. C Protein Carbohydrate/ karbohidrat D Protein Lipid 4.5 ENZIM SPM 2005, SOALAN 3 8. The figure shows the breaking down of a complex molecule by an enzyme. Which of the molecules A, B, C or D, represents the substrate? Rajah menunjukkan proses penguraian molekul kompleks oleh enzim. Antara molekul A, B, C dan D, yang manakah mewakili substrat? 9. The graph shows the optimum pH of an enzyme Y in its reaction. Graf menunjukkan pH optimum satu enzim Y dalam tindak balasnya. Enzyme Y is Enzim Y ialah A salivary amylase B pepsin amilase liur pepsin C trypsin D rennin tripsin renin
  • 5. 10 Diagram 3 shows the rate of enzyme hydrolysis reactions, R and S, in the human body. Rajah 3 menunjukkan kadar tindak balas enzim hidrolisis R dan S dalam badan manusia. Which of the following is true about enzymes R and S? Antara yang berikut, yang manakah benar tentang enzim R dan S? Enzyme R Enzim R Enzyme S Enzim S A Secreted in the stomach Dirembes di dalam perut Secreted into the duodenum Dirembes ke dalam duoenum B The active site changes at pH more than 4 Tapak aktif berubah pada pH lebih daripada 4 The active site changes at pH more than 7 Tapak aktif berubah pada pH lebih daripada 7 C R is trypsin R ialah tripsin S is lipase S ialah lipase D Synthesized in the rough endoplasmic reticulum Disintesiskan dalam jalinan endoplasma kasar Synthesized in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum Disintesiskan dalam jalinan endoplasma licin
  • 6. SPM 2006, SOALAN 16 11 Which of the following is true about the enzyme and its function? Antara yang berikut, yang manakah benar tentang jenis enzim dan fungsinya? SPM 2007, SOALAN 7 12 Diagram 4 shows the structures of a substrate and an enzyme. Rajah 4 menunjukkan struktur substrat dan enzim. Which of the labelled parts A, B, C or D is the active site? Antara A, B, C dan D, yang manakah tapak aktif?
  • 7. SPM 2008 SOALAN 6 13 Diagram 4 is a graph which shows the relationship between the rate of reaction and the substrate concentration when factor Y is varied. Rajah 4 ialah graf yang menunjukkan perhubungan antara kadar tindak balas dan kepekatan substrat apabila faktor Y diubah. What is factor Y? Apakah faktor Y? A pH B Time pH Masa C Inhibitor D Enzyme concentration Perencat Kepekatan enzim SPM 2006, SOALAN 7 14 Diagram 5 shows the mechanism of enzyme action.
  • 8. Rajah 5 menunjukkan mekanisma tindakan enzim. Which of the following can be deduced from Diagram 5? Antara yang berikut, yang manakah kesimpulan daripada Rajah 5? I Enzyme action is specific Tindakan enzim adalah spesifik II Enzyme reaction is reversible Tindakan enzim adalah berbalik III Enzyme is not destroyed at the end of the reaction Enzim tidak dimusnahkan pads akhir tindak balas IV Optimum temperature for enzyme reaction is 40°C Suhu optimum untuk tindakan enzim ialah 40°C A I and II I dan 11 B I and III I dan III C II and IV II dan IV D III and IV III dan IV SPM 2009 SOALAN 7 15 Diagram 6 shows organelles P, Q and R that are involved in the synthesis and secretion of an extracellular enzyme. The process begins at DNA.
  • 9. Rajah 6 menunjukkan organel P, Q dan R yang terlibat dalam sintesis dan rembesan enzim luar sel. Proses ini bermula di DNA. Which sequence is correct in the production of the extracellular enzyme? Urutan manakah yang betul dalam penghasilan enzim luar sel? A P  Q  R B Q  P  R C R  Q P D R  P  Q SPM 2010, SOALAN 6 16 What is the optimum temperature for enzyme reactions in the human body? Apakah suhu optimum bagi tindak balas enzim dalam badan manusia? A 27°C B 30°C C 37°C D 40°C SPM 2010, SOALAN 7 17 Diagram 5 shows the 'lock and key' hypothesis of enzyme action. Rajah 5 menunjukkan hipotesis 'mangga dan kunci' bagi tindakan enzim.
  • 10. What are P, Q and R? Apakah P, Q dan R? SPM 2010, SOALAN 8 18 Diagram 6 shows an experiment to study the action of pepsin on protein. Rajah 6 menunjukkan suatu eksperimen untuk mengkaji tindakan pepsin ke atas protein The contents of the test tube are mixture of 2 ml of albumen suspension which has been boiled and cooled. 1 ml of 1% pepsin solution and four drops of 0.1 M hydrochloric acid. The albumen suspension turns clear after 30 minutes. Which step is able to reduce the time taken for the albumen suspension to turn clear? Kandungan dalam tabung uji itu ialah campuran 2 ml ampaian albumen yang telah dididihkan dan disejukkan, 1 ml 1% larutan pepsin dan empat titis 0.1 M asid hidroklorik. Ampaian albumen menjadi jernih selepas 30 minit. Langkah manakah yang dapat mengurangkan masa yang diambil oleh ampaian albumen untuk menjadi jernih.,
  • 11. A Reduce the volume of 0.1 M hydrochloric acid to two drops Kurangkan isi padu 0.1 M asid hidroklorik kepada dua titis B Reduce the temperature of water bath to 30°C Kurangkan suhu kukus air kepada 30°C C Increase the volume of 1% pepsin solution to 2 ml Tingkatkan isi padu 1% larutan pepsin kepada 2 mf D Increase the volume of albumen suspension to 4 ml Tingkatkan isi padu ampaian albumen kepada 4 ml SPM 2010, SOALAN 9 19 Diagram 7 shows structure P in a cell which is involved in producing extracellular enzymes. Rajah 7 menunjukkan struktur P dalam suatu sel yang terlibat dalam penghasilan enzim luar sel. What will happen if structure P fails to fuse with the Golgi apparatus? Apakah yang akan berlaku jika struktur P gagal bercantum dengan jasad Golgi? A Proteins are not synthesised Protein tidak disintesis B Proteins are not modified Protein tidak diubahsuai C Proteins are denatured Protein dinyahaslikan D Protein are hydrolysed Protein dihidrolisiskan
  • 12. SPM 2011, SOALAN 11 20. Diagram 5 shows two shirts, P and Q, that were stained with butter. The shirts were washed with washing powder that contains enzyme X at different temperatures. Rajah 5 menunjukkan dua helai baju, P dan Q, yang dikotori oleh mentega. Baju-baju tersebut dicuci dengan serbuk pencuci yang mengandungi enzim X pada suhu yang berbeza. What is enzyme X and the possible temperatures that were used for P and Q? Apakah enzim X dan suhu yang mungkin telah digunakan untuk P dan Q?
  • 13. JAWAPAN 1 C 2 D 3 B 4 A 5 D 6 C 7 B 8 B 9 C 10 A 11 A 12 C 13 D 14 B 15 C
  • 14. 16 C 17 B 18 C 19 B 20 A