Презентация в рамках семинара «Кластерные политики и кластерные инициативы» 27 ноября 2013 года, Москва.

1. Technopark and Cluster
What Common Points Could they Have ?
Philippe Geffroy
Moscow – November 27, 2013

2. Ingredients to have a Powerful and Internationally
Competitive Economy are Available …
… But real results are still not comparable to international
competitors
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Philippe Geffroy MOSCOW
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3. Tools used to Succeed a Regional Strategy (1)
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Develop a large industrial zone
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Set up a strong team to promote the city
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Support creation of new companies (for example, in high tech sector)
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Provide companies with financial advantages : free tax zone, public support
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Develop specific training programmes
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Develop a technology transfer policy
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Improve the global quality of the urban environment
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Develop a Technopark
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Aim : Enables a long term regional development because of the innovative potential of the
companies which can adapt to any change in technology, organization or market
Create a network with the existing regional actors (cluster)
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Aim: increase the competitiveness of the companies
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Philippe Geffroy MOSCOW
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4. Technoparks as a tool for Economic Policy (1)
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Definition
Technopark (technology parks, technological parks also High-tech park) is commercial
property developments of one or more buildings that will accept all the types of
tenant but they often have a wider range of acceptable activities in technology
based business (TRL 5-6) and are not so concentrated on R&D as a main element in
tenants' activities.
They will also accept tenants that provide support services to technology-based
businesses but are not themselves technical businesses such as:
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Accountants
Lawyers
Patent agents
Market research organizations
Technology brokers - especially those with good international connections
Venture capital providers
Business consultants specializing in technology-based firms
Philippe Geffroy MOSCOW
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5. Technopark as a tool for Economic Policy (2)
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The overall challenge is to set up a Technopark that can
achieve three main goals
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Respond to the NEEDS of regional enterprises in terms of innovation technology, cross
fertilization with over R&D organizations, good services and friendly environment where
researchers would have found an ideal environment to lead their R&D.
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Develop specific R&D activities in conjunction with other knowledge based
institutions in the region, in order to deliver some unique technological assets to existing
enterprises or technology based start-ups
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Create a management infrastructure that will allow the Technopark to be selfsustainable within a reasonable time frame (three to five years).
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Attract in-FDI (that seeking advanced RD & DM capacities/capabilities not available for
the price elsewhere)
The overall idea is to ensure that the park will have an economic impact in
the region and that will assist existing and new enterprises to manage their
development and innovation process in a very proactive and leading edge
manner.
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Philippe Geffroy MOSCOW
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6. Market Insight: Myths and Realities of IT
Technoparks in Russia / Igor Ustimenko (Gartner
Dataquest March 25 2011)
KEY FINDING
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The community of Russian technoparks includes a number of IT-oriented
clusters of organizations that look to be real development centers
focused on high-tech innovations for further implementation in real
economic sectors (manufacturing, agriculture and so forth) inside and
outside the country.
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Confusion about high-tech terminology in Russia creates uncertainty
when it comes to the selection criteria of foreign vendors, investors and
projects within technoparks.
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A number of organizations pretend to look like technoparks but have
nothing to do with the development of innovation.
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Philippe Geffroy MOSCOW
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7. Definition related to Cluster
Cluster Overall
definition
Clusters can be defined as a group of firms, related economic actors, and institutions that
are located near each other and have reached a sufficient scale to develop specialized
expertise, services, resources, suppliers and skills. This phenomenon can be economically
measured
Cluster
Cooperation
Cluster cooperation can take different facets. It can mean the cooperation among and
between cluster firms and other innovation actors located in different clusters. It can also
mean the cooperation between policy-makers at programme level or at operational level
Cluster
Initiatives
Cluster initiatives are organised efforts to enhance the competitiveness of a cluster
involving private business, public bodies and/or academic institutions within a regional
and sectoral system. Cluster initiatives usually follow a bottom-up approach and are
managed increasingly by specialized institutions, such as cluster organizations .
Cluster
Manager
Cluster managers – or cluster facilitators – are the dedicated individual persons that
manage a cluster organization.
Cluster
Organisation
Cluster organizations are the legal entities operating the clusters in charge of managing
the participation and access to the cluster’s premises, facilities and activities. They are
considered as new and highly efficient forms of innovation support providers that
provide or channel specialized and customized business support services, especially to
SMEs. Cluster organizations are often also in charge of managing cluster initiatives
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Philippe Geffroy MOSCOW
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8. Cluster Benefits for Regional Actors
REGIONAL LEVEL
ENTREPRISES
 Fostering Innovation
 Fostering cooperation
 Fostering
internationalization
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Philippe Geffroy MOSCOW
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9. The People Dimension at the Core of the Cluster
 The success of a high performance cluster is in a large part due to people
forming quality relationships and networking to achieve results
 There is some degree of dialogue and trust that the clustering process requires
 people-to-people contact
 consensus on key issues
 collaboration at multiple levels
 The teamwork is a key component of a local innovation system; It is much more
than solo players working away in isolation.
 Soft networks (such as local professional and trade associations) and hard
networks (strategic alliances between firms) are both important.
 Specialized SMEs, rarely have the resources to innovate alone. However, with
an effective network in place to encourage linkages, firms are stimulated to
develop their knowledge rather than remain isolated.
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Philippe Geffroy MOSCOW
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10. The Cluster Management Organization
CLUSTER OPERATIONAL
ORGANISATION
Larges
FINANCIAL PARTNERS
Fasie, RVC, VEB, RosNanos,...
Governance
PRESIDENT
Board of Administration
Scientific Council
REGIONAL ADMINISTRATION
SMEs
Members
Network
General Manager
BUSINESS INCUBATEUR
TECHNOPARK
Thematic Projects
Mgrs
SERVICES Partners
Logistic, Packaging, Ingeneering
...
Services
Spin-off
Start Up
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© LinkWest 2008 PhG
Market Access
Financing Innovation
Export support
HR dev. & Mngt
EDUCATION
RESEARCH Organizations
Results
PROMOTION
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Exhibitions
Events
Peer Visites
Business and
Technology
partnerships
TRAINING
PROJECTS
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Acces to new markets
Access to knowledge to use in
new products & services
Access to key infrastructure
Access to new partners for
collaboration
Extend Network
Philippe Geffroy MOSCOW
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Marketing
International Standards
Quality process
New technologies
Procurement and Purchasing
New Competencies
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11. Summary of the Key Factors of Success for a
Cluster Set up
 A common vision shared between region/territories and clusters actors such as
Large companies, SMEs and Public Research.
 Cluster implementation are mainly Industry driven and R&D driven, ideally
depending on the RIS3 strategy.
 Legal entity with a board of management so called Governance, appointed by
cluster participants.
 The Cluster management organization implements the collective strategy on
behalf of the cluster members (board of representatives)
 Cluster organization allows to manage and promote a broad approach of
innovation from local to international level
Lack of consensus, lack of common vision/strategy, and weak contacts
network are the main reason for failure cluster set up.
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Philippe Geffroy MOSCOW
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12. Example of Existing Cluster with dedicated
Technopark http://www.routedeslasers.com/
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Philippe Geffroy MOSCOW
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13. СПАСИБО ЗА ВНИМАНИЕ!