Fundamentals of Architecture Lectures

2. Qn. How do you understand the relationship
between Architecture & climate?

3. 1. Climate and Architecture
Lecture Contents:
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Climate Vs. Weather
1.3 Climatology and Bioclimatic
1.4 The 5 bioclimatic building types

4. 1.1 Introduction
All living creatures’ creation, proliferation/Multiplication and
existence depend on the best climate conditions. Since human
activities do not generally occur under natural conditions, the
problem of creating a comfortable interior environment with the
purpose of meeting needs is as old as the history of mankind.
Human beings have been searching for ways to protect or to
benefit from the natural climatic conditions. Climate is one of the
most important factors that effect both architectural design and
urban planning.
Location, texture, shape, direction, dimension, distance etc. of the
building, should be analyzed and applied correctly, in order to
provide the best climate comfort indoors.

5. 1.2 Climate Vs. Weather

6. 1.2 Cont.
Weather: Atmospheric conditions (temperature, rainfall, etc…)
at a specific point in time.
Climate: Atmospheric conditions (temperature, rainfall, etc…) of
a region over a long period of time.
Climate has 4 major elements:
1. Earth - Soil
2. Water - Humidity
3. Fire – Sun and Temperature
4. Air – Wind
Key point. Climatology is all about the study of these elements.

7. Why do we see such design variations?
Climate conditions are effective in
- Arrangement of building designs,
- Determination of requirements,
- Selection of equipment
,Building method and formation.
Different climate systems generate
regional architectural characteristics.

8. 1.3 Climatology and Bioclimatic
1.3.1 Bioclimatic:
Relationship between living organisms and climate.
Bioclimatic Architecture:
Describes an approach to building Design which is inspired by
nature and which applies a sustained logic to every aspect of a
project, focused on optimizing and using the environment.

9. 1.3 Cont.
1.3.2 Climatology
is a branch of the atmospheric sciences that study climate, scientifically
defined as weather conditions (temperature, dryness, wind ,light….)
averaged over a period of time.

10. Objectives and Benefits
Building climatology supports the architect in achieving a
Comfortable building climate together with an energy-saving
structural design.
The primary emphasis is on providing maximum protection against
external factors by means of passive measures concerning the
building construction, such as glazed facades, storage masses and
so on.
Another essential aspect is the utilization of natural resources, such
as natural light, natural ventilation, solar heating and geothermal
heat.

11. 1.4 The primary bioclimatic building types
Buildings MUST be designed to fit in with their CLIMATE. Different
climate zones demand different architectural responses in order to
function properly and be energy and environmentally efficient.
COLD
HOT-ARID
HOT-HUMID TEMPERATE

12. 1.4.1 Bio-climatic Design: COLD and Dry climate

13. 1.4.1 Cont.

14. 1.4.2 Bio-climatic Design: COLD and HUMID climate

15. 1.4.2 Cont.

16. 1.4.2 Bio-climatic Design: HOT and DRY climate

17. 1.4.2 Cont.

18. 1.4.2 Bio-climatic Design: HOT and HUMID climate

19. 1.4.2 Cont.

20. 1.4.2 Bio-climatic Design: COMPOSITE climate

21. 1.4.2 Cont.

22. Any Question?