Renewable sources

1. Review of Conventional and
Non Conventional Energy
Sources

3. Types of Energy sources
1. Conventional energy sources (or) Non-renewable energy sources
2. Non-Conventional energy sources (or) Renewable energy sources
• Generally, non-renewable energy sources come out of the
ground as liquids, gases and solids.
Examples: The conventional (or) Non-renewable energy
sources are Oil, Coal, Petroleum and natural
gas, Nuclear energy
(1) Conventional energy (or) Non-renewable energy
Conventional (or) Non-renewable energy sources are those, which
cannot be replaced continuously.

4. We can obtain renewable energy from the sun, from the water,
from the wind, from crop residues and waste
The types of Non-conventional (or) Renewable energies are
Solar energy (Unit-2) Tidal energy (Unit-4)
Wind energy (Unit-3) Hydro energy
Biomass energ(Unit-5) Biofuels (Unit-5)
Geothermal energy Wave Power (Unit-4)
Non-Conventional energy (or) Renewable
energy
Renewable energy is a source of energy that can never be
exhausted and can be replaced continuously.

5. PH 0101 Unit-5 Lecture -1 5

6. PH 0101 Unit-5 Lecture -1 6

7. Conventional Sources of Energy Non-conventional sources of energy
These sources of energy are also known
as a non-renewable source of energy
These sources of energy are also known
as a renewable source of energy
They find both commercial and
industrial purposes
They are mainly used for household
purposes
These can be considered to be one of
the reasons for the cause of pollution
These are not responsible for the cause
of pollution
Coal, fossil fuels are two examples
Wind, solar energy and Biomass two
examples
Difference Between Conventional and
Non-conventional Sources of Energy

8. Need for Non conventional Energy Sources
1. The growing consumption of energy has resulted in the
country becoming increasingly dependent on fossil fuels such
as coal, oil and gas.
2. Rising prices of oil and gas and their potential shortages have
raised uncertainties about the security of energy supply in future,
which has serious repercussions on the growth of the national
economy.
3. Increasing use of fossil fuels also causes serious environmental
problems.
4. Hence, there is a primary need to use renewable energy
sources like solar, wind, tidal, biomass and energy from waste
material. They are called non-conventional sources of energy.

9. Advantages of Conventional Sources of Energy:
1. The efficiency of the energy sources is high. Because from 1gm of uranium
we get 1 MW energy, from 1-tonne coal we get 2460 kWh energy. Solar panels
typically have between 15% and 20% efficiency, while coal has an efficiency
of up to 40% and natural gas reaches up to 60%.
2. The production expenses are low. According to government data of August
2021, the price of Uranium is $50/lb.
3. The raw materials of conventional Sources of Energy are easy to transport.
Raw materials such as coal, petroleum, natural gas can be transported easily
through trains or ships from one place to another.
4. Generally it doesn’t need any specific place for installation. The government
can easily set up a conventional plant according to their requirements. Such as
if the government wants to install a thermal plant in Uttarakhand or in Jammu
they can easily install it.
5. Though it can generate energy instance, so there is no need to wait and it
produces much energy as the requirements.

10. Disadvantages of Conventional Sources of Energy
1. They are the main reason for the pollution. Because it is
released carbon monoxide from polluters into the atmosphere.
According to The International Energy Agency, only in 2018, India
emitted 2,299 million tonnes of carbon monoxide. This report
also said that India’s per capita emissions were about 40% of the
global average and contributed 7% to the global carbon dioxide
burden.
2. Generating radioactive waste. We all know about the
Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster which happened in 2011.
Recently Japanese government has decided to release
radioactively contaminated water into the ocean. But the
environmentalists warn that it should be harmful to ocean life.
3. High startup cost. According to the government estimate, the
cost may be about 50 to 70 crores INR for setting up a 10 MW
thermal power unit. Whereas to set up a nuclear power plant, it
is required ₹60,000 crores.

11. Advantages of Non-Conventional Sources of Energy
The non-conventional sources of energy have many advantages:
1. Renewable and less expensive: Most non-conventional resources are
cheaper and can be reused as compared to conventional sources.
2. Environment friendly: As it is reused, it reduces the CO2 emissions which
causes less pollution and harm to the environment also it is inexhaustible.
3. Requires less maintenance: Because of less maintenance it remains less
expensive and it also provides a sustainable environment to live in.
4. Long term and future benefits: It strengthen the countries’ energy security
and it is mostly imported free, it boosts the sustainability.

12. Disadvantages of Non-Conventional Sources of Energy
1. Inconsistent and Unreliable Supply: Geothermal plants deplete their
energy resources and it becomes unpredictable. In the case of solar
energy, the energy needed to be stored so that electricity can be
produced.
2. Certain risks: Windmill blades sometimes become harmful and start
harming various species like birds, bats and insects. Certain solar energy
creates extreme hot zones in the environment
3 . Radioactive waste: Nuclear energy generates radioactive waste from
radioactive materials.
4. Harms natural habitats: Harnessing tidal energy destroys natural habitats
and harms wild animals.

13. Q1.What is the importance of non-conventional sources of energy?
A:Non-conventional sources of energy are important as they are less harmful to nature
and they are renewable and available in abundance.
Q2.What is the largest non-conventional source of energy?
A: Solar energy is the largest non-conventional source of energy.
Q 3.What is Solar energy?
A:Solar energy is produced by sunlight. Cells are exposed to sunlight which produces
electricity . This energy is also used for cooking.
Q 4.What are the advantages of non-conventional sources of energy?
A:Non-conventional sources of energy are easy to operate, less expensive, and less
harmful to the environment.
Q5.What are the disadvantages of non-conventional sources of energy?
A: In non-conventional sources of energy, sometimes affects the environment and there
is a certain risk for the small species of their survival. It is also very unpredictable and to
produce electricity a lot of energy or power is needed to be stored.