IT is both a business pressure and an enabler of response activities to counter business pressures. A flat world means students will need to be lifelong learners to keep skills relevant in their career choices. Increased internet access has affected Porter's five competitive forces by increasing competition and lowering barriers to entry globally. Porter's value chain model shows how a company creates value, and it is related to his competitive forces model by showing how competitive pressures influence value creation. Information systems can support different value chains depending on a company's business, but rarely provide sustained competitive advantage on their own.