Breaking the Link between Drought and Suicide: Understanding the Mental Health Impacts of Extreme Weather Condition – Coping with the impacts of drought on human health – 2023 Water for Food Global Conference.pptx
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"Breaking the Link between Drought and Suicide: Understanding the Mental Health Impacts of Extreme Weather Condition" by Azar M. Abadi at the 2023 Water for Food Global Conference. A recording of the presentation can be found on the conference playlist: https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSBeKOIXsg3JNyPowwJj6NDSpx4vlnCYj.
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Breaking the Link between Drought and Suicide: Understanding the Mental Health Impacts of Extreme Weather Condition – Coping with the impacts of drought on human health – 2023 Water for Food Global Conference.pptx
- 1. Breaking the Link between Drought and Suicide: Understanding the Mental Health Impacts of Extreme Weather Condition Azar M. Abadi, PhD Assistant Professor School of Public Health University of Alabama at Birmingham
- 7. • Prior suicide attempt(s) • Misuse and abuse of alcohol or other drugs • Mental disorders, particularly depression and other mood disorders • Access to lethal means • Knowing someone who died by suicide, particularly a family member • Social isolation • Chronic disease and disability • Lack of access to behavioral health care
- 9. • Most studies are focused on developing countries • There is no study on drought and suicide in the United States. • Couple of studies have studied the drought impact on framers’ mental health and crime in California
- 10. Drought and Mental Health Causal Pathway 10 SCHOOL OF - to apply in all slides at the same time edit in Insert > Header & Footer Vins et al. 2015
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- 23. Thank you! Email: aabadi@uab.edu Twitter: azar_mak
Editor's Notes
- Droughts can cause severe economic and social disruption, leading to food and water shortages, crop failure, and livestock deaths. This can result in malnutrition, famine, and displacement of people, which can indirectly contribute to illness and death.
- This reduction in water availability can result in decreased sanitation and hygiene, which can contribute to the spread of water-borne diseases such as cholera, typhoid fever, and dysentery drought can increase the prevalence of vector-borne diseases such as malaria, dengue fever, and West Nile virus as the vectors, such as mosquitoes and ticks, are able to thrive in stagnant water sources that become more common during drought. drought can lead to changes in the distribution and abundance of wildlife, which can in turn affect the occurrence of zoonotic diseases, where animals are the primary hosts and transmit the disease to humans. During a drought, air quality may decline due to increased dust and particulate matter in the air, which can exacerbate respiratory symptoms and trigger respiratory flare-ups. Drought can also lead to an increase in wildfires, which can release large amounts of smoke and other air pollutants into the air, further worsening respiratory conditions
- Firearm suicides account for approximately half of all suicides in the United States. However, non-firearm suicides are also a significant cause of death, particularly among certain populations such as women, younger individuals, and those with mental health or substance use disorders. Non-firearm methods of suicide include suffocation, hanging, poisoning, and jumping from heights. Both types of suicides have been linked to various risk factors such as social isolation, access to lethal means, and mental illness. Efforts to prevent suicides in the United States often focus on reducing access to firearms and improving mental health services.
- Drought can impact occupational stress in farmers, but there is limited understanding of how. A study using repeated measures data found that the job strain ratio, a metric of occupational psychosocial stress, increased during drought conditions among Midwestern US farmers. The increase in job strain ratio was driven mostly by increases in psychological job demand, and there were no differences observed by participant sex, age group, or geographic region. Drought increased the property crime but not the violent crime
- The pathways with the greatest support in the literature focus on the economic and migratory effects of drought. The causal process diagram highlights the complexity of the relationships between drought and mental health, including the multiple ways that factors can interact and lead to various outcomes.
- The E0 physically integrates radiative and advective forcing variabilities and, further, reflects water availability through land surface–atmosphere feedbacks that affect partitioning of the available energy at the surface into latent and sensible heat fluxes. EDDI has a range of +-2.09. Negative values indicating wet anomalies and positive values indicating drier than normal condition detecting and monitoring both flash and sustained droughts with negligible latency Shorter-period EDDIs may be particularly useful in smaller basins that respond rapidly to intense, high frequency events. Longer-time-scale EDDIs may more usefully capture the slower response of larger basins and/or those with significant snowmelt-lagged hydr oclimates
- The E0 physically integrates radiative and advective forcing variabilities and, further, reflects water availability through land surface–atmosphere feedbacks that affect partitioning of the available energy at the surface into latent and sensible heat fluxes. EDDI has a range of +-2.09. Negative values indicating wet anomalies and positive values indicating drier than normal condition detecting and monitoring both flash and sustained droughts with negligible latency Shorter-period EDDIs may be particularly useful in smaller basins that respond rapidly to intense, high frequency events. Longer-time-scale EDDIs may more usefully capture the slower response of larger basins and/or those with significant snowmelt-lagged hydr oclimates
- The E0 physically integrates radiative and advective forcing variabilities and, further, reflects water availability through land surface–atmosphere feedbacks that affect partitioning of the available energy at the surface into latent and sensible heat fluxes. EDDI has a range of +-2.09. Negative values indicating wet anomalies and positive values indicating drier than normal condition detecting and monitoring both flash and sustained droughts with negligible latency Shorter-period EDDIs may be particularly useful in smaller basins that respond rapidly to intense, high frequency events. Longer-time-scale EDDIs may more usefully capture the slower response of larger basins and/or those with significant snowmelt-lagged hydr oclimates
- Longer-term drought (12-month timescale) showed higher estimates compared to medium-term drought (6-month timescale) for association between drought and firearm suicide. Positive associations were observed between drought and firearm suicide in all stages of drought, with a peak in the middle of severe stages. PAFs (population attributable fractions) for firearm suicide were highest in worsening severe to exceptional drought conditions, followed by improving severe to exceptional drought, while the highest PAF for non-firearm suicide was observed in improving moderate to severe drought conditions.