After Dark: The art life of night - and in new lights

1. Developmental Neuroscience:
Vic Shao-Chih Chiang, 2020

2. Mammalian circadian system
E Brooks & MM Canal (2013) Neurosci Biobehav Rev
• SCN: suprachiasmatic nucleus
• RHT: retinohypothalamic tract

3. • AVP, arginine vasopressin
• E, embryonic day
• GFAP, glial fibrillary acidic protein
• ipRGC, intrinsically photosensitive retinal
ganglion cell;
• M1 and M2, melanopsin cell subtypes
• Opn4S and Opn4L, melanopsin isoforms
• P, postnatal day
• RHT, retinohypothalamic tract
• SCN, suprachiasmatic nucleus
• VIP, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide
E Brooks & MM Canal (2013) Neurosci Biobehav Rev

4. J Richards & ML Gumz (2012) FASEB J

5. Maternal melatonin program
glucose tolerance in offspring
• AUC: area under curve
• P1: offspring from mothers (dotted line, open circle)
• PINX: pinealectomy (continuous line, closed square)
• PM: pinealectomy & melatonin (dashed line, closed triangle)
DS Ferreira et al. S Bordin (2012) PLoS ONE

6. Perinatal photoperiod affects
circadian rhythm
• SCN,
suprachiasmatic
nucleus
CM Ciarleglio et al. DG McMahon (2011) Nat Neurosci

7. Critical period when the circadian rhythm
is most sensitive to environment light
MM Canal-Correger et al. A Diez-Noguera (2001) Am J Physiol
• PV: % of variance

8. Continuous darkness during
development reduce cell numbers in SCN
T Cambras et al. A Diez-Noguera (2005) Dev Brain Res
• LL: constant light
• DD: constant
darkness
• LD: 12-h light
and 12-h
darkness

9. Sunrise period when you are born correlates
with differences in chronotype
MF Borisenkov, AL Kosova, ON Kasyanova (2012) Chronobiol Int
• MSFsc: midpoint of the sleep phase on weekends, adjusted by the sleep
debt accumulated on weekdays

10. Health issues
correlated with night
shift workers & sleep
deprivation
RG Foster & K Wulff (2005) Nat Rev Neurosci

11. Discussion
R Boyle (2014) Aeon

12. Discussion
F Prose (2019) Lapham‘s Quarterly

14. Burying beetle
broods receive
different maternal
care if they were laid
in presence of a male
M Paquet & PT Smiseth (2017) PNAS

15. Social instability procedure to
stress out the quails
F Guibert et al. C Houdelier (2010) PLoS ONE

16. Fostering procedure

17. Behavioural observations

18. Maternal
behaviour
N Aigueperse et al. S Lumineau
(2020) Behav Processes
• m: mother
• NPS: non-stressed
• PS: stressed
• PHD: post-hatching day

19. Increased foster mother vocalization from
prenatally stressed chicks
N Aigueperse et al. S Lumineau (2020) Behav Processes
• m: mother
• NPS: non-stressed
• PS: stressed
• PHD: post-hatching day

20. Chick
behaviour
N Aigueperse et al. S Lumineau
(2020) Behav Processes
• c: chick
• NPS: non-stressed
• PS: stressed
• PHD: post-hatching day

21. Brooding influence chick laterality
S Galuret et al. I George (2020) Anim Behav

22. Prenatal & postnatal mismatch alters adult
cardiovascular health in sheep
JK Cleal et al. LR Green (2007) PNAS
• MAP AUC: mean arterial pressure, area under the curve
• CC: ewes 100% nutrient > lamb nutrition adequate
• CU: ewes 100% nutrient > lamb nutrition restriction
• UC: ewes 50% nutrient > lamb nutrition adequate
• UU: ewes 50% nutrient > lamb nutrition restriction

23. Discussion
A Gopnik & K Tippett (2020) On Being

24. Discussion
D Brooks (2020) The Atlantic

25. Activity
I am going to school to learn about…
• Any word / phrase related to the two articles
today
• Each turn say “I am going to school to learn
about… “
• Next turn the person says the same thing, but
add on another word / phrase
• Game continues until no more word/phrase
could be thought of, cannot remember the
words/phrases or their sequence