1. Types of bilingual presentation:
The Latin-English Terence
Demmy Verbeke
Bilingual Europe: Latin and vernacular cultures ca. 1300-
1800
Amsterdam, 17-19 September 2009

2. Nikolaus Henkel, ‘Printed school texts: types of bilingual presentation in
incunabula’, Renaissance Studies, 9 (1995), 212-227
1) interlinear translation
2) vernacular text interrupted by Latin text sections (whereby the Latin
language is employed for specific tasks only)
3) source text and translation printed in two columns
4) Latin text, followed by translation in the vernacular, followed by
commentary in the vernacular
5) summary in the vernacular, followed by Latin text, followed by Latin
commentary
6) printed Latin text and commentary with a handwritten vernacular
version on the facing page

3. English translations of Terence
Vulgaria quedam abs Terencio in Anglicam linguam traducta (Oxford, 1483) –
translator unknown (John Anwykyll?).
Reprinted in London (c.1483, c.1485, c.1505) and Antwerp (1486).
Revised reprint in London (c.1510, 1529).
Floures for Latin spekynge selected and gathered oute of Terence (London, 1533/4)
– trad. Nicholas Udall.
Reprinted in London (1538, 1544, 1560, 1568, 1572).
Revised and expanded edition with an additional collection by John Higgins printed in
London (1575, 1581).

4. English translations of Terence
(continued)
Terens in englysh (Paris, c.1520) – in fact only a translation of Andria; translator
unknown (J. Rastell?).
Andria the first comoedie of Terence in English (London, 1588) – trad. Maurice Kyffin.
Terence in English (Cambridge, 1598) – trad. Richard Bernard.
Reprinted in London (1607, 1614, 1629, 1641).
The two first comedies of Terence called Andria, and the Eunuch (London, 1627) –
trad. Thomas Newman.
The first comedy of Pub. Terentius, called Andria (London, 1629) – trad. Joseph
Webbe.
The second comedie of Pub. Terentius, called Eunuchus (London, 1629) – trad.
Joseph Webbe.
Reprinted in London (1629).

5. Vulgaria quedam abs
Terencio in Anglicam
linguam traducta
[Oxford, 1483]
Compiled by John Anwykyll?

6. Vulgaria quedam abs
Terencio in Anglicam
linguam traducta
(1483)
Vulgaria quedam
collecta, et in Anglicam
linguam traducta (1529)

7. Different types of interlinear presentation
Die tail der rede wie vil seind acht
Partes orationis quot sunt Octo
Donatus, Ars minor (Augsburg, 1481)
What faute fyndest thou in hym
Quid culpe in illo reperis
Vulgaria quaedam ex Terentio (Oxford, 1483)

9. Floures for Latine spekynge selected and gathered oute of Terence … compiled by Nicolas Vdall
(London: Thomas Berthelet, 1533 [i.e. 1534])

10. Terens in englysh
[Paris, ca. 1520]

12. Terence in English
(Cambridge, 1598)

13. Translation
Annotated text

15. The first comedy of Pub. Terentius,
called Andria … after the method of
Dr. Webbe
(London, 1629)

16. 1. Interlinear (meaning-for-meaning)
2. Latin text, English translation, Latin commentary
3. English translation in the centre of the page, Latin source
text in margin
4. Latin text, Latin morales expositiones, English translation,
bilingual formulae loquendi, Latin sententiae
5. Latin and English parsed in parallel columns according to a
clausulary method