This document discusses irrigation development and water usage in India. It provides statistics on land usage patterns and irrigation potential in India and Tamil Nadu. Agriculture accounts for 83% of current water usage but is projected to decrease to 68% by 2050 as industrial and domestic usage increases. Improving irrigation infrastructure has helped increase the percentage of land area that is irrigated over time. Water availability per capita is decreasing and many parts of India already face water scarcity or stress conditions.

1. IRRIGATION DEVELOPEMENT IN INDIA
BY,
R.VENKATESH

3. PERCENTAGE OF WATER USED BYCATEGORY
irrigation, 37%
livestock, 1%
mining and oil &gas,
1%
public supply,
12%
thermoelectric power,
41%
aquaculture, 2%
domestic, 1%
industrial, 5%

4. LAND UTILIZATION PATTERN OFINDIA
Total geographical area : 328.72M ha
Area under forest : 70.007 M ha
Cultivable area : 180.35 M ha
Net cultivated area : 141.10 M ha
Net Area sown : 139.932 M ha
Area under non : 100. 45 M ha
agricultural use
Average of Land Holding :80 % farmers have < 1.4 ha

5. Average Annual Rainfall - 1170 mm
Maximum Average Annual Rainfall - 11000 mm
(Cherrapunji)
Minimum Average Annual Rainfall - 100 mm
(Western Rajasthan)

6. LAND UTILIZATION PATTERN IN TAMILNADU
Total geographical area : 13.006 m ha
Area under forest : 2.125 m ha
Total cropped area : 5.140 m ha
Net area sown : 4.544m ha

7. IRRIGATION DEVELOPMENT
Potential Created as % of Ultimate Irrigation Potential
2010
57%
1992
43%

8. Source:DirectorateofEconomics&Statistics,DepartmentofAgriculture&
Cooperation,MinistryofAgriculture
India (in thousand hectares)
2009-10
Net sown
area,
140021
Net
irrigated
area,
63254
Rainfed
area,
76767
Tamilnadu(in thousand hectares)
2009-10
Net Sown
Area ,
4892
Net
irrigated
Area ,
2864
Rainfed
area,
2028

9. Gap between gross cropped area and gross irrigated area has not
reduced since the first FiveYearPlan [Source: Economic Survey,
February 27, 2015

10. 0
50
100
150
200
250
1950-51 1990-91 2000-01 2009-10 2010-11
gross cropped area
gross irrigated area
area sown more than once
AreainMillionha

11. DEVELOPMENT OFIRRIGATION SYSTEM

23. IMPACTS

24. LAND USE CHANGES DURING LASTTWO
DECADES (AREAIN MHA)
year Agricultural land Net sown area Non agril. uses
1980-81 185.15 140.29 19.59
1990-91 185.18 142.99 19.39
2000-01 183.45 141.34 23.75
2009-10 182.46 140.02 26.17

25. PER CAPITAAVAILABILITY
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
1951 1991 2001 2025 2050
WaterAvailibilty(Cubicmeterper
capitaperyear)
Water Stress Line
Water Scarcity Line

26. PER CAPITAAVAILABILITY
36.1 84.63 115.7 133.3 158.1
3008
128.3
938
814
687
1951 1991 2010 2025 2050
population (crore) average water resourses (m3/person/year)

27. WATER USE – CHANGING TRENDS OF THE FUTURE
Present Scenario Likely Scenario for 2050
Use Percentage Use Percentage
Agriculture 83% Agriculture 68%
Industry 5% Industry 9%
Domestic 5% Domestic 7%
Others 7% Others 16%

30. REFERENCES
• Hydrology and water resources information system
for India
• Ministry of agriculture
• www.ibef.org
• Ministry of water resource, www.mowr.nic.in
• Agricultural statistics at a glance 2014
• Government of India

31. Save Water