Cultural Immersion Reflection

Cultural Immersion Reflection
Cultural immersion is an essential part of the education experience. It has been used throughout time to allow people to understand those whose ideas
and beliefs differ from their own. The experiences gained through immersing in an unfamiliar culture allow the mind to grow in ways that are beyond
comprehension. Because our nation is advancing, and merging ides from other cultures, this process is more important than ever. Cynthia Kratzke
and Melissa Bertolo (2013) state that if we only teach concepts and language from other cultures we are limiting the ability of future generations to
be able to work with other cultures (p.1). Cultural immersion is a way for one to reach a new insight they may not have otherwise gained. Jesus Nieto
(2006) says there are main goals to these experiences: 1) to interact with people of a different culture 2) to gain insight into aspects of others 3) to be
of a minority group in a setting 4) to gain a new perspective on one's own beliefs and values (p. 77). Going into this experience, I expected to feel
slightly uncomfortable. I was born and raised a Catholic, and my experience involved me going in and learning about the Muslim religion. While I
am open to learning about and experiencing new ideas I knew that this event might challenge some of the things I had grown up leaning about. I
also knew this event would focus on the modeling industry so I expected this to focus on things like sexism and the stresses of being in the
business. Some of this I could relate to. There is this idea that women need to be unhealthily thin and look like models who are photo shopped. For
my immersion experience, I attended a talk by the first Hijab wearing model Mariah Idrissi in the Phoenix Rooms. There were all different types of
people here, ranging in age and cultural background. Because this event was sponsored by the Women of Color I was part of the cultural minority in
the room.
Mariah is a Muslim woman who was selected by H&M in 2015 to be a part of their campaign for a new line of modest fashion. She was scouted at a
shopping center in London, having just graduated college with a degree in English Literature and History. After the ad was released, Mariah became an
icon overnight. So
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English Learner Population Across California And L.a
English Learner Population across California and L.A.U.S.D According to California of Education (2011), 23.2 percent of total registration of
students in California public schools are English language learners, and a 71 percent mainstream of these English learners are registered in the
elementary grade levels with 29 percent being registered in the secondary grade levels and a less than 1 percent being put in an ungraded category,
and according to LAUSD EL Data Dialog & Inquiry (2011), as of 2009 33 percent of the Los Angeles Unified School District (L.A.U.S.D.) students
alone are English language learners, and of these 33 percent an approximated 94 percent are Spanish speakers and the other 6 percent is made of up
many other languages fluctuating from Armenian to Russian.
School Programs Offered "Following the Immigration Act of 1965, legislation was passed to contribute the public schools in dealing with the influx of
non–English–speaking students. Title VII of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 supported programs for educating these students,
including transitional bilingual education programs" (Echevarria and Graves 2011, p.350). This Act did not fully articulate how to go about educating
these students, so an unclear message was received or not received in whether there was going to be a process of their first languages or a complete
transition to English. "The outcome was that most ELs were consigned in English–only classrooms without suitable

Bilingual Brain Boost : The Cognitive Benefits Of Learning...
With the powerful influence of globalization transforming every aspect of our world humans must adapt to the new cultural environment being created.
One major change is that of language evolution. English is the third most spoken language worldwide after Chinese and Spanish, but it is the most
popular second language overall (Haviland, Prins, Walrath, & McBride, 2014). The Englishlanguage is taking over, so what, you may ask, is the point
of putting in the energy to learn a second language? Why should you enrol your child in a language immersion school program? Well, as an English
Canadian, learning a second language through an immersion program comes with a collection of cognitive benefits that can influence a variety of
things, including mental health, academic performance, and employability, not to mentions that it plays a vital part in preserving the many cultures in
our country, all while promoting acceptance diversity.
BILINGUAL BRAIN BOOST: THE COGNITIVE BENEFITS OF LEARNING A SECOND LANGUAGE.
AGE:
Learning a second language at a young age has long–term benefits that can be felt even in old age. As human's age their brains atrophy, but bilingual
people can delay the consequences of this damage. These individuals are constantly experiencing the world using two languages so, while a
monolingual person remembers how to ride a bike in one language, a bilingual person stores that memory twice, once in their first language a once in
their second. This allows bilingual

Innovative Algebra Immersion
Algebra Academy is an innovative algebra immersion program for middle school students who are motivated to learn and advance in mathematics
with help from university professors. I found this program in eighth grade when it was offered for the second time at Rolling Hills Middle School.
During that time, I believed that I was an intelligent student similar to my peers in mathematics but took the opportunity and seized the moment to
further refine my math skills. Being able to meet new students in the program made me realize there were smarter students than me, who could help
me as a person by collaborating and learning from each other.
Senior year, I was offered a position to be a mentor to the new middle school students attending, allowing

Essay about The Debate Over Bilingual Education and...
The Debate Over Bilingual Education and Immersion Programs
In recent years, the debate over whether bilingual education or immersion programs (such as English for Speakers of Other Languages) better serve the
needs of limited–English–proficient (LEP) students in the United States has been heating up. The increasing need for such services insights passionate
supporters and opposition to rise up against one another in the fight over which is better. Advocates of bilingual education stress the value in helping
students retain and even enhance proficiency in their native language, while at the same time gaining proficiency in the English language. Critics of
bilingual education, however, contend that such programs only "keep students in ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A Little History Lesson
Bilingual education is not new. Contrary to popular belief, bilingual education programs were not products of the 1960s. In fact, they aren't even
products of the twentieth century. The first state to actually pass a bilingual education law was Ohio, in 1839 (History of Bilingual Education, 1998).
The law was for German–English bilingual education, and was passed as a result of a strong parental initiative. By the end of the nineteenth century,
about a dozen states had passed similar laws, and in many other states such instruction was offered, although it had not been sanctioned by the state.
During the World War One era, however, as the loyalty of non
–English speaking Americans came increasingly under suspicion, many states decided to
enact English–only instruction, in an attempt to Americanize non–English speakers. As a result, during the 1920s the bilingual education program had
been almost completely dismantled.
In response to the apparent failure of English–only instruction, the United States government passed the Bilingual Education Act in 1968, providing
federal funds to local school districts, in an attempt to promote the incorporation of native–language instruction into school curricula. The government
felt that, "leaving LEP students to 'sink or swim' in English–only classrooms made 'a mockery of public education'"(History of Bilingual Education,
1998). Recognizing the civil rights of LEP students to have available to

Importance Of Immersion Essay
Why English immersion works ? Learning a language implies practice and this is what immersion is all about. Over the years, research has shown
the positive outcomes of this method on our ability to learn a new language. Whilst it may be easy to think that language immersion is all about
living in a foreign country, the truth is that it is actually more about creating an environment around you. It's all about the way you'll be willing to
provoke opportunities to bring English in your everyday life. Good news (and we'll be bringing a lot today) : English is one of the easiest
language to immerse oneself. Also paramount for your everyday life (in NZ). Immersion gets you out of your comfort zone (trouver un moyen de
centrer sur English) Travelling taught me that getting out of your comfort zone was always for the best. Well, you know what ? Same thing goes for
language learning! While it's easy and comfy to surround yourself with people speaking the same language as you, it takes a lot of courage to
immerse yourself in a foreign language environment. And it's what immersion is all about : courage and (at least at first) discomfort. It is as simple as
that : when you don't have another choice but to be understood you force yourself to communicate and therefore, you can't avoid practicing. Most
language learners are scared to sounds funny and that's the main thing that'll keep people from talking and practicing. It's even more true when you are
trying to learn

Benefits of Creating Dual Language Programs Essay
Dual language is a form of education in which students are taught to read and write in two languages. The majority of dual language programs in the
United States teach in English and Spanish, although there are emerging programs that teach in Mandarin, Japanese and Hindi. The programs start of
mostly in kindergarten sand 1st grade and continue throughout primary education, in addition some dual language programs depending on the grade
continue through middle and high school. Even Hayward's own Burbank elementary and Winton middle school are offering dual language programs.
Each level of teaching uses a different language ratio in which class is instructed the classes start off with a 90:10 ration and later as years pass the
ration becomes ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Lindholm–Leary, 2007). Dual language programs were started around forty years ago. The first school district to start using it was Dade County
Public Schools in Miami, Florida in 1962 in the following years programs spread into Washington D.C., Chicago, Illinois, and San Diego, California.
There are an abundance of dual language programs nation–wide where Spanish is the most popular language taught with, 94% of instruction
throughout the country ( Dual Language,2014). There have even been bills that have supporting Bilingual Education in the United States Civil
Rights Act of 1964, The Bilingual Education Act of 1968, Lau v. Nichols of 1974, Phyler v. Doe of 1982 and Executive Order 13166 of 2000 lastly No
Child Left Behind Act of 2001.
One of the biggest benefits in creating more dual language programs would be that the English language learners will be able to advance more in their
academics. The transition from traditional bilingual education toward English language immersion is an easier switch which ultimately helps ELLs catch
up with their English speaking peers. This not only benefits the students who are ELL but their peers who at the same time are learning Spanish.
English language learners become more fluent in

Positive Benefits Of Bilingual Education
There have been many informative studies information regarding the advantages of learning two languages. Bilingualism is a continually growing
issue in the United States. Being bilingual as a child enhances knowledge so steps taken to promote bilingual education are very important. Children are
not exposed to bilingualism even though the benefits have been well established.
Dual Language education is increasing throughout the United States giving students at a young age an advantage over their monolingual peers.
Different research studies resulted in a major success by proving that "bilingual children outperform monolinguals in a wide array of cognitive and
language–based tasks" (Wallstrum 16). Dual language immersion is defined as fifty percent of the non–English is used for the instructional part of the
day, and the other fifty percent is spoken in English. The purpose of these immersion schools is to promote fluency in the foreign language while also
performing at their grade level in that language.
Parents are the main reason why kids in these modern times are only primarily speaking English. Many people have a strong opinion against the
teaching of bilingualism in America, especially starting at a young age. The reason for this is their own ignorance. They fail to seek further
information on the topic and see the positive benefits that result. The benefits of bilingual education surprisingly are not tolerated by everyone, and
that is a big reason as to why it is not

Dual Language Learners Are Children Learning Two Or More
Dual language learners are children learning two or more languages at the same time, as well as those learning a second language while continuing to
develop their first (or home) language (Dual language learning, 2008). The number of children being raised in bilingual homes is large and growing,
however the mechanism of language development in children from bilingual homes is not well described or understood (Hoff et al., 2011). A large
body of research has refuted the opinion that dual language input may confuse children, and other research indicates that children exposed to two
languages can distinguish those languages from infancy, learn two phonological systems, two vocabularies and two grammars (KovaВґcs & Mehler,
2009a; Petitto, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The goals for students in dual language education programs include high levels of bilingualism and biliteracy, academic achievement, and cross–cultural
competence for all students (Lindholm–Leary, 2012). Dual language immersion programs integrate language and academic content instruction in
English and a partner language to promote bilingualism and biliteracy.
Heritage languages refer to the languages spoken by immigrants and their children and has recently come to be used broadly by those concerned about
the study, maintenance, and revitalization of non–English languages in the United States (Montrul, 2012). Heritage language learners contain a
heterogeneous group ranging from fluent native speakers to non–speakers who may be generations removed but who may feel culturally connected to a
language (Deusen–Scholl, 2003). A heritage language program is any language development program that is designed or tailored to address the needs
of heritage language learners, and heritage language programs may be at any level or setting and vary in terms of their approaches to teaching,
populations they serve, and other factors (Chao, 1997). Heritage language programs have three major educational contexts: community–based program,
K–12, and higher education. Heritage language schools are often created out of a community's desire to pass on their language and culture from one
generation to the next in order to maintain connections within families and communities

intend to expose in their studies how Educational...
intend to expose in their studies how Educational Neuroscience can reshape educational policies and practices in teaching and learning the core content
areas, especially in timing and sequencing content exposure. One approach was to study whether exposing a young child to two languages caused
delay in language development and language confusion. Studies revealed that the optimal age for dual language development was before age five.
Children were not delayed in phonetic contrasts acquisition. Imaging brains of monolingual and bilingual infants revealed that both groups presented
similar neural activation. Regarding reading in bilingual children studies showed that children experiencing bilingual education in primary grades
outperformed... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The results are consistent with the notion that both groups exhibit different development of brain networks associated with the control of executive
functions.
Dr. Tom Schweizer, a neuroscientist in St. Michael Hospital in Canada studied the effects of bilingualism in patients with Alzheimer's disease. He
chose a sample of patients with similar background, education, and disease cognitive detriment. Half were monolingual and half were bilingual. Using
CT scans and cognitive evaluation he found that even though bilingual patients showed twice as much atrophy, they performed as well in the cognitive
test as their monolingual counterparts with less atrophy. This may be explained by the fact that bilingual individuals have developed enhanced neural
networks or pathways, also called neural reserve, when switching from one language to another or suppressing one language from another. Dr.
Schweizer explains that though bilingualism delays Alzheimer's progression for about five years it does not prevent it.
Alladi, et. Al. in 2013 in an effort to identify the association between bilingualism and age at onset of dementia and its subtypes ran the largest study
with case records of 648 patients with dementia (391 of them bilingual) "The age at onset of first symptoms was

Dual Language Immersion Paper
In order to improve educational outcomes of ELL students, the school district Z needs a dual–language immersion method rather than a bilingual
education. The top three policies I would propose to the local school board for dual–language immersion would be: academic/ cognitive enrichment,
enhanced intercultural relations, and competence in two languages. The program provides the same academic content and addresses the equivalent
standards as other educational programs. The dual–language immersion program will hopefully close the academic achievement gap between ELL
students and their classmates.
California public schools are where a majority of English learners are concentrated. Therefore, by implementing these policies at public schools and
charter schools the policies would resolve specific problems for ELL students. This educational approach of education will produce students who are
culturally and academically capable in two languages and who also value cultural diversity. All students regardless of primary language will be held to
the same high academic standards. The program should include elementary, middle andhigh school level students. Rather than having ELL students
separated, they will be able to remain in the same classes as non–English learners, to develop their academic growth in both ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Hopefully by catering to an array of interest group will add legitimatize to our cause and will raise a lot of funding. Funding would be key in order to
demonstrate to the school district that there is a massive need and demand for dual–language immersion programs. The issues the interest groups would
raise are that many believe dual language immersion is just another program to help ELL students or that it is an elite program only for gifted and
talented

A Study On The Twi Program
The TWI program was for 8 hours a day for 200 days, while comparison classrooms operated 6 hours a day for 180 days. Teachers did not differ
significantly in their backgrounds or training, although TWI teachers were more likely to have a Master's degree (30% to 6% and be bilingual (50%
to 25%). The TWI program had a week of English by teacher and assistant, and a week of Spanish by a Spanish teacher and assistant, with both sets
collaborating to plan curricula and assessment. The major challenge of the study was that it was difficult to ensure that literacy tests in English and
Spanish were entirely comparable. Also, some of the tests used were experimental and turned out to be too difficult for most children, including in
post–test. Neither program was "pure" immersion because the children were given language support on the side.
The results were positive and showed advancement for all children, with Spanish–language children in TWI benefiting the most in comparison to their
peers in the EI group. Specifically, the Spanish–language children improved in their receptive vocabulary , with effect sizes of over half a deviation.
TWI's effect of producing greater gains in receptive language than in expressive was considered by the authors to be one of the most significant
findings of the study, and it was thought that further research could determine how to extend these benefits to expressive language. Three out of four
of the measures favored English language outcomes in TWI,

Bilingual Vs. Foreign Language Skills Essay
Final Paper In today's increasingly globalized world, the ability to speak a second or multiple languages provides a wide range of benefits. Since
people who have foreign language skills surely spent much time not only in studying the language itself but also in engaging with its culture, they can
see things from other different perspectives, not from a single perspective. The latest study actually shows that bilingual children are more capable of
understanding others' perspectives than those who speak only one language (Whyte, 2016). Moreover being multilingual can also prevent Alzheimer's
and other diseases that affect the brain. In the international business world, workers who can speak foreign languages have more flexibility to choose
their jobs than monolingual workers. Foreign language skills allow people to communicate with each other and to negotiate more successfully.
Foreign language skills also can be a useful tool to fill a gap between different cultures, which leads to the success in building a good business
relationships. English is the accepted first language of international business, and because of this, Americans may feel foreign language is
unnecessary. However, Americans who lack foreign language skills will face competition for jobs as more and more well–educated graduates who are
multilingual from Europe, China, India, and many other countries are entering the global job market. The United States is a monolingual nation. In this
increasingly

Reflection On Clinical Evaluation
This semester, through the use of clinical evaluation, I have learned how to be a better clinician. To clarify, I have learned how to evaluate the
interventions, measurement choices, implementation of interventions and data collection process I practice with my clients to better understand
how my clients are responding to therapeutic treatment. The first experience with regards to clinical evaluation I had began when I was required
to complete the first immersion program report. In order to better understand my positionality with clinical evaluation it is important to know that
this school year, I am interning with Henry Ittleson Center as a day treatment therapist. Henry Ittleson Center is a day and residential child
treatment center located in the Riverdale area of the Bronx. The agency services children between the ages of 5 to 13 who are diagnosed with
severe emotional and behavioral disorders and require special education services. As a result of clinical evaluation being such a long process, for
the sake of this paper, I will be focusing on apprehension moments I encountered when completing my immersion report such as frustrations I
faced with my agencies limited objectives/goals selection, frustrations with diagnosing children, difficulties with measurement selection, biased
results and quick glance at the progress made by my client since I began to evaluate my own practices. My experiences with clinical evaluation
formally began when asked to complete section one of the immersion report, which includes brief synopsis of client, target problem, goals and
objectives. Initially, I found it quite easy to list out the target problem, goals and objectives because in essence, I was taking this information
straight from the data base system we use in the agency to file our reports. However, as I started to reflect on this process with my immersion
partner, I realized that I was not required or expected by my agency to ask my client or my client's family what they wanted me to identify as my
client's goals and objectives for the year. As I went back into the system, I recognized that all the objectives and goals available on the AVATAR
(system we use to keep our records) are dependent on the client's

The Pros And Cons Of Bilingual Education
I support bilingual education because it can be an effective pathway for foreign language speakers to learn the English language. I am in favor of the
two–way immersion method as a bilingual education application in the classroom. According to Hadi–Tabassum, "Two–way immersion (TWI)
bilingual education is an integrated language immersion program in which students who speak a majority language, such as English, study and learn
together in the same classroom with students who speak a minority language....Both the language majority and language minority students learn the
two languages simultaneously and acquire academic content knowledge through both L1 (English) and L2 (Spanish, Korean, etc.). Dual immersion
education is another term used more often to describe TWI bilingual programs but both terms signify the same type of bilingual education program in
which two distinct sociolinguistic student groups are fully immersed in learning both the majority and minority language across all content areas and
within the same classroom setting." (4). As one can imagine, it can be very difficult to learn a completely new language in a short period of time,
therefore, the two–way immersion method is a great way for students to learn a new language, while still being able to communicate in their primary
tongue and not being forced to acquire new knowledge without the ability to communicate effectively in the new language being learned.
Hadi–Tabassum also states that, "The fundamental aim

A Study On Dual Immersion Program
Summary 11
This article written by Potowoski was grounded on a study involving High school graduates whom had completed a dual immersion program. A dual
immersion program might have different names that people refer to them as. I have heard such names as two–way immersion or, even two–way
bilingual immersion. They are the same program. They include native English–speaking students and native speakers of a foreign language. The goals
of dual immersion programs are to develop bilingualism, academic achievement, and of course cross–cultural competencies in both languages .This
study analyzes their proficiency in reading writing and speaking, and also it observes their capability of producing and identifying the correct Spanish
There are ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
How accurate are these dual immersion graduates in the production of three specific verb forms – the present subjunctive, the past subjunctive, and the
conditional? 3. To what extent are these dual immersion students capable of producing and recognizing socio–linguistically appropriate Spanish?
The setting of the study was an Inter–American magnet school was one of the oldest dual immersion schools in the US. It populates about 640 students
ranging from pre–k to 8th grade. There were 52 participants. 30 of them were heritage speakers and age they began learning English was :(9 of them
by birth, 14 since preschool, 5 since kinder or first, 2 since 3rd or 4th grade) 17 knew Spanish as a second language and ages they began were (6 since
preschool, 8 in kinder or first, 3 in 3rd or 4th grade) and 5 were late arrival in which all 5 arrived in US during 6th or 7th only two years before study.
The measures were focused on dual immersion students overall written, reading, and oral abilities. Two measures were used to test students' oral
Spanish. One was the Spanish Language Assessment Scales–Oral, a standardized exam. It includes identifying vocabulary items displayed in ten
drawings, a multiple choice listening comprehension section, and listening to a story and then retelling it while viewing picture prompts. Another way
they were tested was by the Foreign Language Oral Skills Evaluation Matrix (FLOSEM), The FLOSEM assesses oral language proficiency in five
domains:

Navajo Immersion Study
The Navajo immersion programs in the American Southwest are very interesting because they have been very successful in teaching Navajo without
sacrificing the student's academic performance or their proficiency in English. McCarty (2013) noted that The TsГ©hootsooГ DinГ© BГ'Гіlta' is one
such immersion school where Navajo immersion students consistently outperform students from English–only classrooms on standardardized tests.
Another immersion program, Puente de HГіzhГі, has also consistently outperformed their peers in more traditional monolingual English programs.
These immersion programs have had many challenges receiving funding, maintaining their right to teach Native languages in public schools, and
scoring well enough to not invite outside criticism.
The educators working at these schools are motivated to keep their academic performance high in order to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
However, within the United States, I think it would also be beneficial to promote immersion schools modeled after the Navajo immersion programs.
When speaking about Puente de HГіzhГі, the school's co–founder Michael Fillerup claimed that, "the vision was to create a school where each child's
language and culture was regarded not as a problem to be solved but as an indispensable resource" (2013, p. 132). It would be interesting to see if
academic performance is increased because there is some flexibility for students who aren't native speakers of English, or if English speaking students
also benefit from learning an additional language. I suspect there are a lot of benefits that can be gained for students of all language backgrounds, and
the United States should be more open to instructing students based on the needs of local

Essay How to Give American Students a Billingual Education
Imagine what Christopher Columbus first said when stepping on American soil. Perhaps he said: "This land holds great promise." Whatever he said the
more fascinating question to ponder centers around what language did he speak, for Christopher Columbus, a multi–linguist, knew Italian, Spanish,
and Portuguese. So what happened to the diversity of languages in this land of promise? Many foreigners contribute to the melting pot of America,
bringing their culture and language, yet American schools continue to teach just one language in today's society. The heated debate among parents,
educators, and politicians over a multilingual education in the United States began in the late nineteenth century. Over the next sixty years many crucial
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Government geared support for bilingual education in the 1970s, almost ruling bilingual education as a requirement by President Carter; nevertheless,
President Reagan turned the country against bilingual education by undoing President Carter's proposal, cutting bilingual education funds, and enacting
English–Only Laws in more states over the course of the 1980s (Jost 1039) . Despite the lingering criticism from the 1980s, President Clinton reenacts
the bilingual education law in 1994; however, President George W. Bush's No Child Left Behind Act, which requires all students to meet standards
otherwise schools will receive penalties, negates the bilingual education law (Jost 1039). Since 1998, many states have passed loopholes bypassing the
teaching of another language similar to California's Proposition 227 stating the specific teaching method of English immersion, when students only
receive instruction in English, for English language learners. Yet, other states like Utah and Minnesota have discovered the advantages and benefits of
two–way bilingual immersion. Over these decades, the federal financial plays as the major culprit to the fluctuating support for bilingual education.
Although the Total Spending Government Spending graphs, which includes Federal, State, and Local spending, from 1960 to 1990 demonstrate the
increasing amount spent on education, the percentage of total money spent on education wavers from

Prop 227 Points of Contention Essay
What are the main points of contention surrounding this issue? Be sure to thoroughly discuss contrasting perspectives and the underlying reasons
explaining the different positions people take on this topic.
The main arguments surrounding Prop 227, is whether or not bilingual programs should be in schools in California. Some argue that having bilingual
programs doesn't help the student to learn English, it just reinforces their native language. Also it has be said that test scores supposedly did not
improve in the bilingual programs. On the other hand though, people are arguing that the English Immersion programs do not work because for
smaller children they must learn how to read and write in their native language to be able to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The problem with both bilingual education and English–as–a–second language instruction in the United States lies in our unwillingness to treat English
for non–speakers as an academic subject (Haas, 2007). While the bilingual programs in California are thought to be mostly for people who speak
Spanish, there are also Asian students that need to be taught proper English before continuing their education. As one anonymous teacher points out: "I
have had 32 different languages spoken in my classroom over a 25–year period. Eighty–four languages are spoken in our district."(Anon 1998 & Haas
2007). Which for most teachers mean that it is both educationally and economically impossible to teach every student in their own native language.
In contrast, the people against Prop 227, state that the Prop creates too much chaos and does not support every learner. "Adaptations and modifications
are not allowed for non native English speakers (i.e. all public school instruction will be conducted in English)" (Linton, 2007). The change from
bilingual education to English Immersion was of great confusion for both students and parents, due to the sudden change in consistency between
districts, school, and teachers. Prop 227 threatened teachers and administration with legal penalties if they tried to teach or a help a student in a foreign
language. Some that are opposed to Prop 227,

Maintenance Bilingual Education for Heritage Language...
Introduction According to the 2010 U.S. census the Latino community makes up 16% of the country's population and grew 43% from 2000 (Humes,
Jones & Ramirez, 2011). Within this large community there is great diversity both culturally and linguistically (Schreffler, 2007), from newly arrived
immigrants to individuals whose families have been established in the region for generations. Most bilingual education programs are targeted towards
English language learners (ELL) with the purpose of acquiring a second language (L2). In the recent 15 years there has been an increase in dual
language immersion (DLI) programs which is also known as two–way immersion (TWI), with an aim to provide bilingual education to monolingual
Spanish and English ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Theoretical Framework
Dual language immersion The main purpose of dual language immersion programs is to promote the country's language competency by tapping into
the resources that native Spanish language speakers bring into schools and promoting the learning of a second language by English speakers (Christian,
1996). This objective is achieved by integrating typically monolingual Spanish and English students into a content–based instruction in both minority
and majority languages (Christian, 1996). Although DLI programs may vary in design and implementation they are all centered on three main goals:
(1) bilingualism and biliteracy from all students, (2) on or above level academic achievement, and (3) positive cross–cultural awareness and attitudes
(Christian 1996). DLI is designed to be an inclusive model because it does not aim to assimilate, segregate or disregard the heritage language, in this
case Spanish (Lara–Alecio, Galloway, Irby, Rodriguez, & GГіmez, 2004). DLI programs usually are set up to have a balanced class between
monolingual Spanish and English speakers to allow the novice students to learn from the experts, but due to population variance this is not always
implemented (Christian, 1996). Some programs take the language

My Purpose Of School
At some point in our lives we have all asked the question "What is the purpose of school? Why must I learn this?". Some say school is simply
preparation for employment and for the rest of our lives. I enjoy school; however, I have always found it to be rather difficult and pointless being in
the French immersion stream and this was due to the lack of help I received from my mother and father unlike many of my peers whose parents attended
university and spoke both English and French fluently. Everyone faces a variety of challenges and I have always tried my hardest to do my best
and overcome any challenges I face in order to succeed as well as make myself and my parents proud. In elementary school, I discovered my
weakness for French. It was the subject I abhorred; reading, spelling and grammar were concepts I could not grasp. As a result of my academic
struggles, I would often become frustrated and cry. Perhaps what had stained my academic experience the most was in sixth grade, our teacher
invented a game called "Autour du monde" A game where we would go around the class answering grammar questions that were given to us with
the objective of improving our French. I waited in vain for my turn to be over, only then to be made fun of by my teacher and peers when I couldn't
conjugate a verb in passГ© compose. It was humiliating that my teacher who was supposed to support and inspire me to do my best, was instead
putting me down in front of all my peers. My parents had

An Overview of Bilingual Education Essay
Overview of Bilingual Education
Is a second language a necessity in our world today? Should parents push for their child to learn two languages in elementary school? If we live in
multicultural neighborhoods, trade with the global marketplace, and want to use all technology resources available, it is necessary to know two
languages. Multilingual people and communities seem to have an edge over monolingual competition. This provides people of all ages an incentive to
learn a second language (Genesee, 1998). In this research paper English and Spanish will be the languages referred to for bilingual education, although
others are offered. The purpose of this paper is to compare the benefits and pitfalls of language immersion programs ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
It's a plus. Learning the first language at the same time as learning English is having a positive effect on both languages. At home the parents feel that
they can communicate with their children," (p. 664) says a Khmer–speaking teacher in Australia (Barrot–Pugh & Rohl, 2001). Khmer is spoken in all
Australian homes and is practically required for children to learn. This program is not only for increasing cognitive skills, but also for students to
communicate fully in their community and within their families. One in every four children in Australia speaks a language other than English.
Australian children are encouraged and greatly supported by the community to learn a second language, which is why these numbers are so high. If the
United States had the same motivation for their children, it would produce many more bilingual children. All children in the Khmer–English program
show parallel development in the two languages. Many kids accomplish this by using information from one language to assist the development of the
other language. Learning Khmer gives the children a sense of identity in their home and culture (Barratt–Pugh & Rohl, 2001). This is a good example
of a community using all its available resources, and hopefully Americans will learn from their enthusiasm.
Types of Bilingual Education
Bilingual education basically is, according to Rowntree (1981,) "an education

Persuasive Essay On Bilingual Education
In 1967, a senator in Texas named Ralph Yarborough introduced the Bilingual Education Act. Through this act, the federal government was to provide
funds to schools to have bilingual educational programs. The act primarily focused on Spanish speaking children, but later was amended to benefit
other children as well (Glavin). Several states in the United States opposed bilingual education–and in 2002, Initiative 31 was on the Colorado ballot.
Initiative or Amendment 31, required schools to be taught only in English (figure 1). Parents were given the option to request bilingual education, but
it would be extremely difficult for it to be accepted, due to schools having the right to deny their request. Instead, non–English speakers would be placed
in an English immersion program. In this program, students would be given a year to learn English and later move to a normal classroom
("Amendment 31"). On November 5, 2002, the initiative was rejected by 55 percent (Benz 1). Considering the rejection of the initiative, Colorado
began adapting programs to assist English language learners (ELLs). Nonetheless, dual–language education remains highly controversial. While
bilingual education has many positive outcomes, we cannot ignore the fact that it is not 100 percent effective. Not every child learns the same;
therefore, bilingual education does not provide equal opportunities for everyone. Instead of completely throwing bilingual education out the window,
we should turn to alternatives

Learning A Second Language Education Essay
We live in a world surrounded by people of various cultures, countries, and ethnicities, who all speak different languages. As a young child, I attended a
Spanish immersion program through my pre–school and elementary school. I was absorbed into a new culture much different from my own. I grew up
learning words in Spanish before I knew them in English. I also developed unexpected friendships, spending much of my childhood in Spanish
speaking households. As a college student, I look back on this time and greatly appreciate the skills and lessons I cultivated from learning a second
language. Second language education should be required in elementary schools. Learning a second language leads children to become successful
students with prosperous futures and connects people of different cultures. Studies have shown that students who receive second language education do
better on standardized tests. A study conducted by P.W. Armstrong and J.D. Rogers in 1997 declared that third
–grade students who received
thirty–minute lessons in Spanish three times a week, scored higher on the Metropolitan Achievement Test in the subjects of math and language than
their peers who did not receive Spanish education (American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages). Another study that took place in 1981 by
P.A. Eddy shows that students who have received second–language learning, do better on SAT sub–tests and on the verbal section of the SAT than
students who did not study a second

What Are The Advantages And Disadvantages Of The English...
English Language Learners There are many English Language Learners who may be at a higher disadvantage because they are learning English as a
second language. Being introduced to any language is a challenging task for all small children; consequently, students who cannot communicate with
any school staff members are often left behind. Due to the variety of languages in a school setting it would be difficult to have a dual immersion
program set in place. However, in Kern County, there are many small towns whose population is primarily Spanish speaking. These town's students are
faced with many difficulties as they try to adjust and transition to English because a lot of their parents do not speak English themselves. Schools with
a high population of Spanish speaking students should offer a dual immersion program because it will provide their students the necessary tools to
become proficient English language learners.
Difficulties
Many times, school faculty may feel that incorporating a dual immersion program may be confusing for students. They feel that their primary goal
should be to learn English and there should be no distractions. In the past, due to these conflicting ideas, "Most schools did away their long–term
bilingual programs, even though, prop 227 didn't actually outlaw learning in a foreign language" (Mongeau, 2016). Students would benefit from
learning two languages because they may need to follow instruction in their first language to understand the

An Experimental Language Immersion Program
Introduction
In the 1960's, Canada was a multi–cultural environment, with both English and French speakers. Not only were people speaking different languages,
they had their own unique customs and practices that went along with their culture. Parents of school–age children convinced educators to test out an
experimental language immersion program. This program would facilitate learning of both the English and French language, as well as the separate
traditions and cultures of each. Programs like this are still around today, teaching many different language combinations.
Elementary age children are put in a classroom to learn different skills, such as English, mathematics, history, and reading. Is this a time when they
should be learning another language as well? Studies have been done on language immersion programs, both for English speakers as well as English
learners. Each program is unique, but most consist of a certain amount of time each day being taught different subjects in their native language, and
then being taught the remaining time in a different language. The results show that bilingualism has had positive effects on the children.
In an article titled Primary students ' proficiency and achievement: The difference two–way immersion programs can make, it says, "Overall,
language–majority students (referring to English speakers learning a new language) in the two–way immersion program significantly outperformed
similar students in a control school on

Immersion In Art Realism
In the beginning video games such as Spacewar! (1962) started with little to no graphics displayed on small black and white oscilloscope
screens.вЂЁAs technology in video games improves so does our ability to display larger more detailed graphics and images, leading to beautiful
hand drawn and animated games such as Dark Stalkers (Capcom 1994) and Lori and the blind forest (Moon Studios 2015). Along with this
improvement in technology and graphics, the search for more immersive experiences has also grown whether it be the NES Power Glove (1989),
Battle Tech centres (1990) or the HTC VIVE (2016) thegame industry wants to take the immersion that one step further.вЂЁBut how important is
realistic visual representation to the flow of a game? Csikszentmihalyi believed that there are eight elements of flow within video games; a task that
can be completed, the ability to concentrate, clear goals, immediate feedback, a sense of control, player skill matching challenge, self concern
disappears, sense of time being altered. The aesthetics within video games don 't seem to effect any of the elements Csikszentmihalyi has given us and
yet we strive for bigger and better graphical experiences to increase the realism of our gameplay.
Immersion in artвЂЁвЂЁ Realism was broadly considered the beginning of modern art due to the belief that everyday life and the world around us was
a suitable subject for artists who wished to portray the truth within our society. Unfortunately when photography

Reflection Of Japanese Immersion
Individual Reflection–Japan Immersion
Benjamin Franklin said once, "An investment in knowledge pays the best interest." This summer I had the opportunity to invest in my professional
knowledge as an international business woman, and I agree that such investment will pay the best interest. I participated in the Japan immersion
program from the College of Business which allowed me to grow as a professional by expanding my perspective on the difficult process of starting a
business in a foreign country in which you are not familiar with. Additionally, I developed a greater ability to adapt to a different culture beyond my
already current adaptability as an international student. And Finally, I understood the process of preparation for doing international business to be
well–informed of their culture and how to incorporate it as a competitive advantage when trying to do business with them.
First, the immersion program contributed to my professional development by allowing me to be confident in the future to be chosen as the lead or a
member team to start a business in a foreign country. During the immersion, I was introduced to the ideologies and strategies foreign companies
develop to bring their product to the United States, and the Resources that are available for those companies, as well as foreign companies wanting to
start a business in Japan. For example for United States companies wanting to start to do business within the Japanese market they have resources such
as Japan External Trade Organization (JETRO), an independent government agency designed to help navigate international companies with the
regulations and tax laws of countries around the world needed to succeed on an international business. In addition there is also the opportunity of
partnering with Japanese companies to learn about the specific market from the insiders. In addition, some research parks corporations, like the Kyoto
Research Park, to which I was able to visit during the Immersion, provide companies with Office spaces, safety, amenities, and support for startup
business that can be beneficial for foreign companies. Starting a business can be difficult, but starting a business in other country it's even harder. Thus,
having

Dual Immersion Benefits
The United States is a country built by immigrants who speak more than one language. Being bilingual has many benefits that vary from traveling with
ease all through having a brain that can multitask faster. In the past decade many schools in California, as well as other states, have started a program
called the "dual immersion" or something of that nature in which they have a class that is in another language, usually Spanish, and they teach the kids
all the required material in that other language. The "Dual Immersion" program is something that should be instated into more schools, specifically in
the bay area, because of the diversity seen here.
The duel immersion program has been shown to benefit the students in numerous ways; just being ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A solution to these problems would be for the school to have the duel immersion classes do fundraisers to help get money into their program. These
fundraisers/fairs could be cultural events to help educate the kids of different cultures and communities in the Latin world. This could not only benefit
the duel immersion classes but anyone that would show up to the fundraiser, as they would be learning about the culture that the classes chose for that
particular fundraisers/fair, with the money the program makes from this it can afford to contract more teachers to help out, and give these kids the
benefits they deserve. Although it will be time consuming and there might need to be a lot of parents to help out, the benefits outweigh these small
setbacks. Having more teachers can give the program the chance to have smaller classes in which the teachers can have more one on one with the kids
so that they each get the right amount of attention they need and deserve. More teachers can also mean that the school can extend the program and
give more kids the chance to be accepted into the duel immersion program giving them a chance to better their education. The duel immersion program
can also have more fieldtrips in which they could

Cultural Immersion And Misconceptions
Cultural Immersion Reflection Paper
RJA spoke of the role that religion and spirituality plays in his life and confirms that while his family adhere to many Catholic traditions, that he and
his family are not religious. "We do believe in a Higher Power that is aligned to the Christian/Catholic perspective, but I consider myself
non–religious". He goes on to say that when he has children he will encourage them to find their own spiritual path.
We continued to discuss perceptions and misconceptions of his culture and he explained that this is a very personal subject for him, along with
racism and the aftermath of Hurricane Maria which recently did tremendous damage to his beloved island. Because of this, we spent the rest of our
interview discussing it. One of the biggest misconceptions for RJA personally is the assumption that other people make when they meet him that
because he is "black" he cannot be Puerto Rican. He finds this ignorance absurd and dislikes people being put into "boxes". There are millions of
Afro–Latinos throughout Latin American and the United States and he objects to them not being treated as such and considered different from other
Latinos. He stated that many "Puerto Ricans in the United States downplay or deny the African root of their culture" and it is very disheartening to
him. RJA has experienced racism in many ways himself and it was interesting to hear him say that he has "been discriminated against by
African–Americans when they find out I am actually Hispanic, and by Hispanics who initially think I am African–American. " He finds it "strange and
sad" that several white Americans he has encountered somehow feel more comfortable around him and open up about controversial topics related to
race when they find out he's not African–American. He quotes the words of Jose Marti, a Cuban patriot, who used to say with regards to his fellow
Cuban countrymen: "More than white, more than black: we are Cubans". I would be remiss not to mention RJA's thoughts of the recent devastation of
his beloved island after Hurricane Maria struck in September, 2017. The island is still reeling from the effects of the storm and more than 80% of the
island is still without power. Taking a

The Negative Effects Of Bilingualism In Education
In a country such as Canada, having two official languages makes it nearly impossible to avoid the topic of bilingualism. Anyone who grew up through
education system in Ontario likely has strong opinions about the value of being able to speak both English and French fluently. Those opinions may be
strengthened further once a resident is faced with the challenge of deciding which educational stream to apply their children to. Immigrant families
have it more difficult in that their children are already learning their native language and English when they arrive, and then they may be required start
learning French as well. Along with these social implications of bilingual learning, there are also psychological issues that come up. There are helpful
effects and some that are not so helpful that result from trying to learn two languages, this paper serves as a means to display both the benefits and the
drawbacks related to bilingualism and the bilingual learning process.
Learning more than one language at once constantly requires that the learner be incredibly adaptable and responsive. This means that their executive
control system is much more stimulated while learning than that of their fellow students who participate in a monolingual program. If this is indeed
the case, it could also be that this more active system is strengthened, giving a student in such a program an advantage over other students (Bialystok,
2008). If implemented properly, many of the negative effects of

Examples Of Cultural Immersion
For the cultural immersion experience, I attended a Hawaiian and Pacific Islander luau. During the event I observed large extended families gathering.
There were numerous hula groups dancing and musicians playing. There were a lot of children and it seemed that they were being cared for by their
family, extended family, and other families. I did notice that some of the children seemed to be missing shoes or slippers. For instance, one child
had one slipper on and one off and many children had no shoes or slippers on. However, in Hawaii people sometimes do not wear shoes or slippers
outside, so it did not strike me as a concern. Everyone seemed to be relaxed and focused on sharing and creating together. For instance, five different
large extended families had come together and prepared the food. Also, right before the meal ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This experience has increased my orientation to wellness and prevention because I was able to identify many strengths within the Hawaiian and Pacific
Islander culture. For example, it seemed that many of the people at the event had large support networks. This can help to increase wellness by being
able to identify strengths that students have. Further, by understanding different cultures the school counselor is better able to provide broad
prevention strategies that support many students and then support students in small groups and individually to meet unique needs. In addition, through
this awareness and continued self–awareness about one's biases and assumptions can support the school counselor to be proactive in advocating for
equity, closing the achievement gap, and student achievement in the school setting (Erford,

The Importance Of Imersion Experiences
The summer immersion experiences are two– or three–week readiness programs. These immersion experiences are for students with autism spectrum
disorder, ADHD or other learning differences. The program has two separate concentrations; the college focus and the career and life focus. The
college focused immersion experience is for students entering 9–12 grades or transferring to college. The program recognizes the importance of a
student feeling comfortable and supported by a college they attend no matter what their level of ability is, but especially when a student is diagnosed
with ASD/LD. This program assists students with being able to determine their own needs, self–advocate their needs, and expose students to different
types of college programs (Transitions, 2016). Students who attend this immersion program will tour colleges with strong ASD/LD supports, take
part in composition labs for college and scholarship application essays, develop communication and social skills, and earn college credit
(Transitions, 2016). The career and life focused immersion experience is for young adults up to age 27 who want to start careers and live on their
own. This program works to teach students core skills found to be essential for career success. Students will learn how to properly prepare for work
or a career and appropriate ways to act at work. Transitions will assist students in finding their dream job the student feels will fulfil their lives.
Students will work at an

Summary: Equated To A Disruptive Company
What Christensen means is that using the words "disruptive innovation" in a non–jargon way is very difficult, as even Uber, the company most pointed
to by many as the epitome of a disruptive company cannot even be defined as disruptive. Perhaps he is implying that the misuse of certain words can
be equated to jargon, such as when people in everyday conversation refer to Uber as a "disruptive" company. Because of this, Christensen believes that
the mantra that commands: "Disrupt or be disrupted" can be very misleading. He advises corporate leaders of incumbent companies to not overreact to
this mantra by trying to solve the problem before it is one. Christensen implies that overuse of this phrase requires incumbent businesses to be extra
vigilant... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
However, they can hardly be allowed to work (act, believe, and value) against the interests of the business its leaders, and its shareholders. What, then,
ensures trust, loyalty, and full 'over the top' commitment?" (Gee, 1996, p. 19). Gee is implying that because the rise of the globalized and increasingly
technologized world, this "hypercompetitive, fast–changing environment workers" is causing businesses to figure out a way to create a sense of
community amidst the loneliness of being part of a gigantic network structure that spans thousands of employees and multiple continents, potentially.
Gee goes even further with his hypothesis by describing the phenomenon of companies creating a "Discourse," which is essentially "creating goals,
core values, a vision, a 'culture'" (Gee, 1996, p. 19). Altogether, Gee is essentially making the claim that the cultural aspect of the use of special words
collectively is an aim to motivate workers to feel as if they are truly ingrained in the culture of the company, which does create certain unique "moral
universes" within each companies. Gee does not take a stance on whether this is

Dual Immersion
We moved to Fairfield/Suisun when I was in 7th grade during the 2011–2012 school year. I stated the dual immersion program in first grade until 6th
grade. I started at PSA in 9th grade during 2013–2014school year. Yes my mom is a single mom and she's been single for about 15 years. They
separated when I was two and they used to live in LA together, but they were never married. They separated because they couldn't get along, so we
would see him every other weekend (but they kinda stopped around 8th grade because he didn't have a car because the one he had broke down and
he couldn't pick us up and my mom didn't like driving to Oakland. He moved back to Oakland and my mom to Vallejo until we were in preschool
(went to preschool in Napa too),... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
For one, I would have the opportunity to be independent, which is something I really want for myself. Then the classes at Webster University are
small, so it would be easier for me to get some one on one time with the teacher. I like being able to talk to my teachers and I'd rather not be just
another face in the crowd, like at a big university. On top of that, the Netherlands is internationally known for having a good educational system.
All these degrees are dual degrees, which means I can use them to work there or in the United States if I choose to move back. I'm not really to
worried about it being a bad experience and getting home sick. I do good on my own and I feel like if something isn't that fun then you just have
to figure out how to make it better. For instance, I did baseball and everyone was really good because they had been playing since they were little
and it was my first year. Since it was my first year I just sucked. Honestly it wasn't that fun plus I had to ride my bike to practice and that was
always all the way at Allan Witt Park. It really sucked when it was hot because I would have to ride my bike wearing that baseball uniform (since
there was no where to change) and I would sweat like crazy (which happened when it got closer to the summer months). So I would be kinda tired
when I got there and I still had to go through an hour of practice and then on game days, a 3–4 hour game, so I got little

Immersion Reflection Paper
A recent experience of mine that has made a significant impact on who I am today would be my joining of open immersion. Immersion has always
been a tradition of my school, Assumption College, for many years. This became one of many reasons why I decided that I'd like to take part of this
tradition before I graduate and leave my more than a decade–long alma mater. I also chose to volunteer because I saw this as a good opportunity to
render community service and fulfill my social responsibility as a student in the Assumption community.
However, I had underestimated how this journey would impact my own identity. I entered this odyssey without much prior knowledge on what would
happen and what exactly we would be doing. The immersion took place in the small community in Barrio Obrero, Iloilo. Our volunteer group,
consisting of only five high school students and a couple of teacher–chaperones, was based in a public learning center called the Assumption
Socio–Educational Center (ASEC), which was founded by the Assumption community many years ago. Our first activity during our immersion was ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
One of our assigned tasks was to repaint the playground. Our first thoughts were that this would be easy and even fun to do, but we were quickly
proven wrong. It was difficult to repaint the playground under the scorching sun, and the paint fumes were also a factor that made this hard for us.
But after we've done our part for this task, we were assigned to help out in the school's bookstore, wherein we covered notebooks in plastic wrap. It
seemed to be a menial task, but it was an enjoyable afternoon. We were able to interact with the bookstore workers there and learn more about the
community while we did the task. The workers, like many of the other members of their community, lived very simple lives, and yet seemed to be
happy and content with what they have and what they

Two-Way Billingual Immersion Programs Create...
Two–way bilingual immersion programs not only create higher achieving students, but also more equipped and confident students. Academically,
TWBI students receive higher grades because of the curriculum. Furthermore, 87% to 93% of past TWBI students stated they would not drop out
(Lindholm–Leary). Indeed, the knowledge gained allows students to become more resilient, adapting to the new language; independent, figuring out the
language themselves; and confident, taking pride in bilingualism. The TWBI program not only teaches another language, but also another culture. One
of the programs goals gears students toward culture awareness by exposing other countries' custom through songs, dances, and holidays. With this
education upon the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The programs should also start from Kindergarten to Eighth grade, so students can not only have sufficient time to become bilingual, but also have the
opportunity to either continue that language in advance placement classes in high school or learn another language in their four years of high school.
The program will function with at least thirty–percent of one language group with the other language group in the same class room, despite the
program's preference for half and half (AlanГs & RodrГguez). There are two different types of two–way immersion to choose: 90:10 and 50:50. 90:10
programs commence with 90% instruction of the foreign language, gradually leveling to 50:50 by fourth grade. In the 50:50 model, both languages
receive equal amount of time across all eight years. While both types of programs allow students to perform higher on test than any other program,
90:10 students tend to score higher and be more fully bilingual than students in 50:50 (Lindholm–Leary). Iliana AlanГs and Mariela A. RodrГguez also
remarks, "the 90/10 model requires an initial emphasis on the minority language because this language is less

Cultural Immersion
Being raised in The Bronx is very close to growing up in a barred civilization. Marble Hill is where I was raised and where my mother, a couple
months fresh from the Dominican Republic, had met my father. Both chained with the poverty of coming from a country where you quite literally
fetch breakfast in the fields, they had never dared to imagine anything outside of the Bronx borough. My father was gone around the time I was in third
grade, and my immediate family was reduced to my heroic mother and two sisters. By the time I was about thirteen we left our one bedroom
apartment in Marble Hill for a coquettish two bedroom on the other side of the Bronx, and it was then when I had gotten my first taste of escape. I've
been writing since I remember learning how to hold a pencil. It was my own personal form of getting out of the Bronx; getting away from the
gunshots and machetes. However, I've realized that in my writing I always talk about an escape. I write about the sweet taste of cultural immersion. I
romanticized my Spanish–Hispanic–Lebanese roots, and I aspired. I shot for the stars and reached NYU, but my plan has always been to reach
farther. Florence is rich with the culture I am hungry for and I'm interested in it for the fall term because the experience of a new country is precisely
what I need as a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In the light of all the political chaos, I'd like to come back from the next two years and be able to say that a Dominican woman not only goes to New
York University, but studied in four different countries and came back with the social capital and means to reach even farther. Traveling, to me, is its
own form of success and I dream for

A Brief Look at Bilingual Education
Bilingual Education– Two–Way Immersion programs According to Martinez–Wenzy, Perez & Gandara (2012), two major research by the National
Literacy Panel (NLP) and the Center for Research on Education, Diversity and Excellence (CREDE) on effective approaches in the education of ELLs,
found that Reading, spelling and writing instruction in the home language facilitates achievement in English. The same authors also found, that ELL
students who receive instruction in their Native language outperform their peers in English–only programs (as cited in Martinez–Wenzy, Perez &
Gandara, 2012, pg. 10). Two–Way Immersion (TWI) programs, although originally developed to help English–speaking students learn a second
language, aim to provide the necessary support for both English speakers and minority–language speakers to become bilingual, biliterate, and
biculturate. Ideally, a TWI classroom is composed of 50% Native English speakers and 50% speakers of a minority language (ex. Spanish, or
Vietnamese), were both groups learn reading, writing, and content area in both languages, beginning with instruction in the minority language (90/10
model where 90% of instruction is in the minority language and 10% in English), and eventually introducing English until instruction in both languages
is equal (50/50 model). Although there are variations to this model, most programs aim for a 50/50 model either gradually, or from the start of the
program. Lindholm–Leary and Hernandez (2011) point out

Cultural Immersion Reflection

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