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PROJECT ENTITLED
“IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING
POWER OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET”
BY
Mr. VAIBHAV CHANDRAKANT TAK
B. pharmacy VIII SEMESTER
R P COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, ALNI, DHARASHIV
Under the guidance and supervision of
Asst Prof. SUPRIYA LONDHE
M.Pharm
SUBMITTED TO
DR. BABASAHEB AMBEDKAR MARATHWADA UNIVERSITY
CHHATRAPATI SAMBHAJI NAGAR.
Academic Year 2022-2023
CERTIFICATE OF PRINCIPAL
This is to certify that work described in this project entitled “IMMUNOVEDA:
UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER OF AN AYURVEDIC
HERBAL TABLET” was submitted to R P college of Pharmacy, Alni, Dharashiv in
partial fulfilment of the project the final year B. Pharmacy , Sem – VIII program. This
work has been carried out by Vaibhav Chandrakant Tak (Roll no. 91) during 2022-2023
under guidance and supervision of Asst. Prof. Supriya Londhe. Material which has been
obtained from other sources has been duly acknowledged in the project.
Place : Dharashiv
Date:
Dr. Gazi Shaikh
Principal,
R P College Of Pharmacy,
Alni,
Dharashiv - 413501.
CERTIFICATE OF GUIDE
This is to certify that the dissertation entitled “IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE
IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” has
been completed under my guidance, by Miss. Supriya Londhe.
The Present work is of original nature and not copied from other earlier projects and
further any part of it has not been submitted to any other University. His conclusions are
based on data collected by him.
The matter presented here in this dissertation has not been submitted earlier.
Place : Dharashiv
Date:
Miss. Supriya Londhe
Asst. Prof.,
R P College Of Pharmacy,
Dharashiv- 413501
DECLARATION
I hereby declare that the present a report entitled
“IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER OF AN
AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” was submitted to R P College Of Pharmacy, Alni,
Dharashiv the work carried out under the supervision and guidance of Asst Prof. Supriya
Londhe, R.P college of Pharmacy, Alni , Dharashiv Maharashtra in the academic year
2022-2023.
Place: Dharashiv
Date:
Mr. Vaibhav Chandrakant Tak
Roll no. 91,
PRN No. 2019015201027522.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
"Success is not a solo pursuit, but a joint venture that requires the contributions of
many to reach its full potential."
First and foremost, I am thankful Dr. Gazi Sir, Principal of R P College Pharmacy,
Alni, Dharashiv, for his constant support and motivation throughout my academics. I
admire my guide, Miss. Supriya londhe, for her guidance in project. Thankful to all the
Teachers who supported me and thanks to non teaching staff as well.
I am also deeply grateful to my Parents and my Sisters for their unwavering love,
support, and motivation. Their encouragement and blessings have been my constant
source of strength and inspiration throughout my life.
I would like to express my special thanks to Abhijit Kulthe for his creative ideas,
tech. assistance, His contribution has been an important part of this work.
Lastly, I would like to thank my colleagues Siddhant, Ram, Satyam, Ritul, Madhuri,
Mitali, and Ketki for their camaraderie, support, and encouragement throughout the
college journey.
"Gratitude is the warm embrace we give to those who light
up our world with love and support."
DEDICATION
Every challenging work needs self efforts as well as guidance of
elders especially those who were very close to our heart. My
humble effort I dedicate to my sweet and loving
Father & Mother,
Whose affection, love, encouragement and prays of day and night
make me able to get such success and honor.
ABSTRACT
In today's day and age, a healthy immune system is perhaps the most important
thing that one can ask for. With a rapidly growing population in an ever-changing
environment, it has become increasingly challenging to maintain good health, particularly
develop a strong immune system, through every stage of our lives. This is where
immunity boosters come into the picture. Immunity boosters are anything that can help
bolster the immune system in a natural way. You can do this by changing your diet,
improving your sleep quality, exercising regularly, managing stress, drinking more water,
and so on. However, the best way to get healthy is by including more and more foods to
increase immunity in your diet.
If the fresh food you eat lacks nutrients necessary for good health, you can easily
opt for immunity boosting supplements to boost immune system. So, the present study
aim to formulate a ImmunoVeda (Immunity + Ayurveda) Herbal Tablet which
contains varies essential pure herbs and natural ingredients by the ayurvedic method to
fulfil the body need to strengthen immunity. Herbal Tablet is also evaluated to ensure the
performance and stability.
Immunity boosters work by strengthening your body's immune system against
disease-causing pathogens. This they achieve by either providing your body with the
nutrition that it may lack, or by helping it release certain chemicals and hormones that
may reduce your stress levels and help you detoxify. Immunity boosters have certain
distinct features and benefits Strengthen the body, Slow down aging, Meet the body's
nutrition requirements, Speed-up healing, Boost energy, Overall health management,
Fight autoimmune diseases, Immunity boosters also indirectly impact your hair health,
skin health, and even mental health.
Keywords: Ayurveda, ImmunoVeda, Immunity booster, Strengthen immunity, Health.
INDEX
Sr.
No.
Content Pg No.
1. Introduction 1
2. Materials And Their Method Of Extraction 16
3. Role Of The Materials 34
4. Formulation Developement 35
5. Preparation Of Immuno-Veda Herbal Tablet 36
6. Evaluation Tests 37
7. Result 42
8. Conclusion 43
9. References 44
“IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER
OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” 2022-2023
R .P. COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, ALNI, DHARASHIV. Page 1
INTRODUCTION
The literal meaning of Ayurveda is “Science of Life”, and also called “Science Of
Longevity”. It offers programs to rejuvenate the body through diet and nutrition.
The origin of Ayurveda is considered to be divine, from the Hindu God, Brahma
who is called as the creator of the universe[93]. Ayurveda healers developed both
medicinal and surgical approach for treatment and management of the disease conditions.
Ayurveda is a medical system that originated in ancient India and has a
mythological history. According to Hindu mythology, Ayurveda originated from Lord
Brahma, who taught it to his disciple Dakshaprajapathi. Dakshaprajapathi then passed
on the knowledge to the twin gods, Aswinikumaras, who taught Lord Indra. The Sages
then held a conference in the Himalayan mountains and approached Lord Indra to gain
knowledge of Ayurveda. [96]
There is controversy as to who approached Lord Indra first, but this led to the
creation of two schools of thought - the Charaka school of thought or the school of
medicine and the Dhanvanthari school of thought or the school of surgeons. Ayurveda
was taught orally until disciples like Agnivesa, Sushruta, Bhela, and many others started
documenting the teachings in the form of treatises. Vedas, the most ancient Hindu
scriptures, also contain references related to Ayurveda. [96]
Ayurveda is considered the Upaveda of Atharva Veda, and Acharya Kashyapa
gives the status of Panchama Veda (5th Veda) to Ayurveda. The Samhita period marked
the systematic development and division of Ayurveda as written documentations became
popular in the Indian subcontinent. The Bruhatrayees (Charaka Samhita, Susrutha
Samhita, and Ashtanga Hridayam) written during this period paved the way for more
enthusiasts to research deeply on Ayurveda and practice it accordingly. Another
important milestone in the periodical development of Ayurveda is the origin of
Rasashastra during the 7th to 13th century AD. It is during the 19th century that formal
educational institutions were started in India for Ayurveda, with the sole intention of
making it accessible to all.[96]
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Charaka Samhita describes all aspects of Ayurvedic medicine and Sushruta
Samhita describes the Science of Surgery[94][95]. Both these legendary compilations are
still used by practitioners of traditional medicine.
Ayurveda treats the whole person, addressing the body, mind and spirit.
The Hindu Religion states to have Four Vedas written by Aryans.
 Rig Veda
 Sam Veda
 Atharva Veda
 Yajur Veda
Ayurveda is said to be a Upaveda (part) of Atharva veda.
Ayurveda is thought to have existed for over 5,000 years, and the wisdom of healthy
living in harmony with nature has been passed from generation to generation.
Lord Dhanavantari is known as God of Medicine and Surgery according to
Hindu Religion.
Many Rishis has contributed develop the Ayurveda.
Among the Ayurveda Literature Charaka Samhita is prime one , which is written
by Maharshi Charka.
Sushruta is ancient Indian physician and also called as “Father of Surgery”.
Sushruta wrote the Sushruta Samhita as an instruction manual for physicians to treat
their patients holistically.
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Flow chart of Origin of Ayurveda [97].
Principles
1. Panchamahabhutas:
 Universe made up of 5 elements: Earth, Water, Fire, Air, Ether.
 Combination of these elements forms 3 doshas: Vata, Pitta, and Kapha.
 Understanding doshic balance is fundamental to Ayurvedic diagnosis and
treatment.
2. Tridosha:
 Three fundamental energies or principles that govern the body and mind: Vata,
Pitta, and Kapha.
 Each individual has a unique combination of doshas.
 Maintaining balance among the doshas is essential for overall health and well-
being.
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3. Sapta Dhatu:
 Seven fundamental bodily components that make up the body: Rasa, Rakta,
Mamsa, Meda, Asthi, Majja, Shukra.
 Imbalance in these tissues can result in health issues.
 Balancing and nourishing these Dhatus is essential for maintaining overall health
and well-being.
Formulations
The Ayurvedic drugs are derived from vegetable sources from the various parts of
the plant like root, leaf, flower, fruit extrude or plant as a whole.
Ayurvedic compound formulations are mainly divided into two groups viz.
1) Kasthausadhi (predominantly plant drugs)
Asava, Arishtha, Avaleha, Vati or Gutika, Ghrita, Churna, Taila etc.
2) Rasausadhi (predominantly metals and minerals).
Bhasma, Pisti, Lauha, Kapibadkva, Rasayana etc.
 Following mentioned are some of marketed preparations :
“IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER
OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” 2022-2023
R .P. COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, ALNI, DHARASHIV. Page 5
IMMUNITY AND ITS IMPORTANCE
Immunity refers to the body’s ability to prevent the invasion of pathogens. [5]
In biology, immunity is the state of being insusceptible or resistant to a noxious agent or
process, especially a pathogen or infectious disease. Immunity may occur naturally or be
produced by prior exposure or immunization.[6]
Your body's immune system is the first line of defence against infections.
Immunostimulants are inherently non-specific as they are envisaged as
enhancements to a body’s resistance to infection. They can act through innate as well as
adaptive immune responses.
How Does The Immune System Work?
The immune system has a vital role: It protects your body from harmful
substances, germs and cell changes that could make you ill. It is made up of various
organs, cells and proteins.[1][2]
The immune system usually operates silently in the background, unnoticed, when
it's functioning well. However, a weak or ineffective immune system can leave you
vulnerable to aggressive germs and cause illness. Additionally, exposure to unfamiliar
germs can also result in sickness. It's worth noting that some germs may only cause
illness upon first contact. [1]
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Antigens are substances that the body labels as foreign and harmful, which triggers
immune cell activity. Allergens are one type of antigen and include grass pollen, dust,
food components, or pet hair. Antigens can cause a hyper-reactive response in which too
many white cells are released.[4]
The tasks of the immune system:
Without an immune system, we would have no way to fight harmful things that
enter our body from the outside or harmful changes that occur inside our body. The main
tasks of the body’s immune system are
 To fight disease-causing germs (pathogens) like bacteria, viruses, parasites or
fungi, and to remove them from the body,
 To recognize and neutralize harmful substances from the environment, and
 To fight disease-causing changes in the body, such as cancer cells.[1][2][3]
What factors can depress our immune system? [4]
 Older age: As we age, our internal organs may become less efficient; immune-
related organs like the thymus or bone marrow produce less immune cells
needed to fight off infections. Aging is sometimes associated with micronutrient
deficiencies, which may worsen a declining immune function.
 Environmental toxins (smoke and other particles contributing to air pollution,
excessive alcohol): These substances can impair or suppress the normal activity
of immune cells.
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OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” 2022-2023
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 Excess weight: Obesity is associated with low-grade chronic inflammation. Fat
tissue produces adipocytokines that can promote inflammatory processes.
Research is early, but obesity has also been identified as an independent risk
factor for the influenza virus, possibly due to the impaired function of T-cells, a
type of white blood cell.
 Poor diet: Malnutrition or a diet lacking in one or more nutrients can impair the
production and activity of immune cells and antibodies.
 Chronic diseases: Autoimmune and immunodeficiency disorders attack and
potentially disable immune cells.
 Chronic mental stress: Stress releases hormones like cortisol that suppresses
inflammation (inflammation is initially needed to activate immune cells) and
the action of white blood cells.
 Lack of sleep and rest: Sleep is a time of restoration for the body, during which
a type of cytokine is released that fights infection; too little sleep lowers the
amount of these cytokines and other immune cells.
How is the immune system activated?
Antigens, substances that the body does not recognize as its own, can activate the
immune system in response to a wide range of stimuli. Examples of antigens are proteins
on the surfaces of bacteria, fungi, and viruses. These antigens bind to specific receptors
on immune cells, triggering a sequence of reactions in the body. Upon initial exposure to
a disease-causing germ, the body usually memorizes information about the germ and how
to combat it. Subsequent exposure leads to faster recognition of the germ by the immune
system, allowing it to begin fighting it immediately.[1]
“IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER
OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” 2022-2023
R .P. COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, ALNI, DHARASHIV. Page 8
TYPES OF IMMUNITY
 Innate Immunity (Active):
Innate immunity refers to an immediate or early antigen-nonspecific defense
mechanisms that are present in a host since birth without being induced and are designed
to react and/or eliminate any antigen. This is the immunity one is born with.[7]
 Immunity with which an individual is born is called innate or natural immunity.
 Innate immunity is provided by various components such as Skin, mucus
membrane, Phagocytic cells etc.
 Innate immunity acts as first line of defense to particular microorganisms.[8]
It can also activate the adaptive immune response through a process known as
antigen presentation.[9][10][11]
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[12]
 Adaptive Immunity (Passive):
Adaptive (acquired) immunity refers to antigen specific induced defense
mechanisms that take several days to develop and are designed to react and/or eliminate a
specific antigen. This is the immunity one acquires during life.[7]
The ability to distinguish between self and foreign substances is a key component
of the adaptive immune system. In some cases, however, this system may fail to
recognize the body's own molecules, resulting in harmful immune responses that can lead
to fatal autoimmune diseases..[13]
“IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER
OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” 2022-2023
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CURRENT GLOBAL HEALTH SCENARIO AND THE NEED OF
AYURVEDIC IMMUNO-BOOSTERS
“Immune boosting” is a trending topic during the COVID-19 pandemic. [14]
In light of the coronavirus pandemic, the concept of "boosting" one's immune
system has become a popular topic, often mentioned in conjunction with untested
remedies, treatments, and preventative approaches. [14][16]
The concept of “boosting” a person’s immune system would, presumably, involve
making these responses more active, or stronger.[15][17][18]
The present coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) COVID-19 appeared for the first time in
Wuhan, China, at the end of 2019. People are being affected by human-to-human
transmission due to close contact[20][21], and people affected by COVID-19 suffer from
severe respiratory illness[22]. People who are elderly and have many comorbidities are
the most vulnerable to COVID-19 [19][23].
Mechanism of immune systems in the human body against COVID-19
Due to the lack of a registered cure or vaccine for COVID-19, the immune system
remains the most effective defense against the disease, as it supports the body's natural
ability to resist and fight off infections caused by various pathogens, such as viruses,
bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and worms.[19][24] Normally, as long as the immune system
functions properly, the body can ward off infections like COVID-19 without any
noticeable symptoms. The immune system is comprised of three types of immunity:
innate immunity (which provides a rapid response), adaptive immunity (which has a
slower response), and passive immunity. Passive immunity can be either natural
(inherited from the mother) or artificial (acquired through medication). When the body is
affected, the skin and inflammatory responses are triggered[25][26]. However, if the body
encounters germs or viruses for the first time, the immune system may not function as
expected, leading to illness. This is precisely what has occurred in the case of COVID-19,
where the virus has overwhelmed the immune system of some individuals, leading to
severe illness and even death.[27]
“IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER
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Innate and adaptive immune system
World Health Organization (WHO) has worked tirelessly to develop a plan to
combat the deadly virus. One of their strategies includes reducing physical contact
between people, as well as isolating and screening infected individuals in the early stages.
They also aim to identify and reduce the spread of the virus from animal sources.
Additionally, WHO has focused on educating the public about the critical mysteries
surrounding the virus. Essentially, it can be transmitted through droplets such as saliva or
nasal secretions, and even through airborne transmission. This has posed a significant
challenge for scientists worldwide to find effective prevention measures against the
pandemic until a suitable vaccine is discovered..[28]
In this milieu, medicinal herbs are 'Gifted Gods' for healing, supporting and
rehabilitating patients. Even though, no substantiation is present, but different studies on
herbal plants are being conducted that have the ability to strengthen immune system and
cope up with this virus. To expedite, certain phyto-compounds are being recognised to
characterise the herbs in mitigating the incidence of infection. Ayurveda, Unani, Siddhi,
Homeopathy, Romanian, Persian, Chinese traditional medicinal plants for example, are
being currently exploited to check the effectiveness on this virus[28][29].
“IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER
OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” 2022-2023
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There have been more than 25,000 herbal formulations used in folk remedies in
Ayurveda alone. One single herbal species comprises plentiful phyto-constituents that
single-handedly or collectively generate a pharmacological effect. Subsequently, these
natural constituents are isolated and modulated as drug formulations against different
diseases. [30].
It has been frequently indicated that 70-80% of the people belonging to the
developing countries are directly dependent on the herbal drug for their primary
healthcare in comparison to the modern synthetic drugs[31].
The traditional Indian medicines network is one of the oldest health modules since
the human existence and plays a crucial role in combating and fulfilling the needs of the
global healthcare system[32].
Recently, in India, it was suggested by the Ministry of AYUSH (Ayurvedic, Yoga
and Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy), to drink Kadha as a “Booster of
Immunity” and lowering the tenderness caused during COVID-19 catastrophe. A Kadha
is an extract prepared from less juicy or dry ingredients like spices and herbs. The
Ministry of AYUSH with its conventional acquaintance has an extensive custom of
maintenance of nation's health and its participation has augmented manifolds in this
COVID-19 pandemic crisis[28][33].
“IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER
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RATIONALE FOR SELECTING AYURVEDIC IMMUNITY
BOOSTER TABLETS AS THE RESEARCH TOPIC
The rationale for selecting Ayurvedic immunity booster tablets as the research topic
for thesis work is multifaceted and backed by authentic and genuine data. Ayurveda, an
ancient traditional system of medicine originating in India, offers a holistic approach to
health and well-being, including strengthening the body's immunity.
1. Scientific evidence: There is a growing body of scientific research that supports
the potential immune-enhancing effects of Ayurvedic herbs. Studies have shown
that Ayurvedic herbs can stimulate the immune system, modulate inflammatory
responses, and enhance the body's natural defense mechanisms. Investigating the
scientific evidence behind Ayurvedic immunity booster tablets will contribute to
the existing body of knowledge in this field.
2. Demand for natural remedies: With the increasing global demand for natural and
alternative remedies for health and well-being, Ayurvedic immunity booster
tablets have gained popularity. Researching this topic will address the
contemporary need for safe, natural, and holistic approaches to enhancing immune
function, especially in the context of lifestyle-related disorders and antibiotic
resistance.
3. Traditional knowledge: Ayurveda is a rich source of traditional knowledge that
has been passed down through generations. Exploring Ayurvedic immunity
booster tablets will contribute to the documentation, validation, and preservation
of this ancient knowledge, which is valuable for the promotion and preservation of
traditional systems of medicine.
Overall, the multifaceted rationale for selecting Ayurvedic immunity booster tablets
as the research topic for a thesis work includes the need to explore the scientific evidence
behind these tablets, the demand for natural remedies, and the desire to preserve and
promote traditional knowledge. This research has the potential to contribute to the
development of safe and effective immune-boosting remedies for individuals, as well as
to the advancement of the field of natural medicine.
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AYURVEDIC HERBS AND THEIR IMMUNO-MODULATORY
PROPERTIES
In Ayurveda, immunomodulators are substances that are believed to help balance
and regulate the immune system. They are used to support the body's natural defense
mechanisms and promote overall health and wellbeing.
Some of the medicinal plants valued in Ayurvedic Rasayana for their therapeutic
potential have been scientifically investigated with promising results. A number of plant-
based principles have been isolated with potential immunomodulatory activity that can
explain and justify their use in traditional medicine in the past and can form the basis for
further research in the future as well.[34]
Ayurveda advocates multimodal approach to the disease,
viz. nidanaparivarjana (avoidance of the etiological factors), apakarshana (removing the
root cause) and prakritivighata (disease modifying or preparation of internal environment
of the body hostile for the infectious agent). Ayurveda system believes in the concept of
prevention through lifestyle and dietary management along with Rasayana therapy, which
is considered as an effective measure in the prevention of disease by providing non-
specific immunity[35].
 Correlation of immunomodulators with Ayurveda:
Ayurveda is a most ancient and yet currently vital tradition practiced widely in
India, Sri Lanka and other countries. It has a sound philosophical and experimental basis.
Atharvaveda (around 1200 BC), Charak Samhita and Sushrut Samhita (1000-500
BC) are the main classic reference collections that give a detailed description of over 700
herbs.
 Plants as immunomodulators:
Several medicinal plants used in the Indian traditional system known as Rasayana
(devoted to enhancement of the body’s resistance) have attracted the attention of
scientists world-wide. As discussed below, several medicinal plants exhibit not only
immunomodulatory activity but also a wide range of antioxidant, antiasthmatic,
antiarrhythmic, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, hypocholesterolemic, antifungal,
cardiotonic, diuretic, and other medicinal activities.
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 Concept of Rasayana:
The word Rasayana, a combination of two words (rasa and ayana), refers to
nutrition and its transportation throughout the body. Rasayana therapy enhances the
qualities of rasa, enriching it with nutrients so one can attain longevity, improved memory
and intelligence, freedom from disorder, youthfulness, excellence of hair, complexion and
voice, optimum development of physique and sense organs, mastery over phonetics and
brilliance
Following given is the list of some of Rasayanas in Ayurveda as Immuno-
modulators:
Rasayana Herbs :
The use of Rasayana herbs can boost the body's resilience and safeguard it against
diseases caused by infections. In cases of somatic degenerative diseases, certain Rasayana
medicines are recommended for their immuno-modulatory and adaptogenic properties.
The following are some examples of such medicines: [36]
o Ashavgandha (Withania somnifera)
o Guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia)
o Amla (Emblica officinalis)
o Haritaki (Terminalia chebula)
o Shilajeet (Black bitumen or Mineral pitch)
o Suvarn Bhasm (herbal excipients)
Rasayana is helpful to improve immunity and is normally advised during the
degenerative phase of life, which starts from around 45 years in both males and females.
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MATERIALS AND THEIR METHOD OF EXTRACTION
There are various plants which are used in Ayurveda as a medicinal plants,
following are some of the Ayurvedic plants mentioned for the preparation of “Immuno-
Veda Immunity-Booster Ayurvedic Tablet” :
1. Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum Linn)
TULSI LEAVES
Tulsi (Holy Basil): a sacred plant in Hinduism, also known as "holy basil," which
is used in various religious ceremonies and also has medicinal properties. Within
Ayurveda, tulsi is known as “The Incomparable One,” “Mother Medicine of Nature” and
“The Queen of Herbs,” and is revered as an “elixir of life” that is without equal for both
its medicinal and spiritual properties[37]
Tulsi is perhaps one of the best examples of Ayurveda's holistic lifestyle approach
to health. Tulsi tastes hot and bitter and is said to penetrate the deep tissues, dry tissue
secretions and normalize kapha and vata. Daily consumption of tulsi is said to prevent
 Neem (Azadirachta indica)
 Shigru (Moringa oleifera)
 Guda (Saccharum officinarum)
 Madhu (Apis mellifera)
 Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum Linn)
 Ashwagandha(Withania somnifera)
 Amalaki (Emblica officinalis)
 Giloy (Tinospora cordifolia)
 Turmeric (Curcuma longa)
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disease, promote general health, wellbeing and longevity and assist in dealing with the
stresses of daily life.
 Scientific name: Ocimum sanctum Linn
 Family: Lamiaceae
 Part used: Leaves
Tulsi has been extensively studied for its health benefits. It has been shown to have
a wide range of actions, including fighting against microbes, providing antioxidants,
reducing inflammation, preventing cancer, protecting against radiation, controlling
diabetes and high cholesterol, reducing high blood pressure, improving memory, and
relieving stress. Tulsi has also been found to have a positive impact on a variety of health
conditions such as diarrhea, asthma, arthritis, and allergies.[38][39][40][41].
Tulsi is a strong immunity booster[42]. It is packed with antioxidants and
phytochemicals that protect the body from damages caused by free radicals thus, delaying
the aging process. Because of its high antioxidant properties, some people believe that it
can help in fighting cancerous cells as well. [43].
 Extraction of Tulsi Powder from leaves:
• Harvest healthy and mature Tulsi plants on a sunny day in the morning.
• Pluck the leaves gently using clean hands or scissors.
• Rinse the leaves thoroughly with clean water and let them air dry.
• Spread the dry leaves on a clean surface and allow them to air dry for several days.
• Grind the completely dry Tulsi leaves using a grinder or mortar and pestle.
• Sieve the Tulsi powder through a fine mesh sieve to remove any coarse particles or
stems.
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2. Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera)
ASHWAGANDHA ROOT & LEAVES
 Scientific name: Withania somnifera
 Family: Solanaceae
 Part used: Roots
W. somnifera is a highly prized herb in Ayurvedic medicine, where it has been used
for more than 3000 years. It is also known as winter cherry, Indian ginseng, or by its
Sanskrit name Ashwagandha, which means ‘horsepower’ and is supposedly attributed to
its pungent odour. Ashwagandha has been used for millennia as a ‘Rasayana’
(rejuvenator) for longevity. It was imported to Europe in the 16th century[44][45][46].
W. somnifera is an important source of many potentially pharmacologically and
medicinally valuable phytochemicals such as withanolides, sitoindosides, and various
beneficial alkaloids[47].
Research reveals that Ashwagandha decreases cortisol levels, perceived stress,
anxiety, and blood pressure in people under chronic stress[48][49].
The conventional usage of 'Ashwagandha' was aimed at enhancing energy, strength,
stamina, youthful vitality, health, and promoting the time-related elements of the body. It
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was also used to augment the production of vital fluids, muscle fat, blood, lymph, semen,
and cells. This herb has the ability to combat issues like chronic fatigue, dehydration,
bone weakness, loose teeth, impotence, premature aging, emaciation, debility, and muscle
tension. Furthermore, it is also believed to aid in convalescence [50]. It helps energize the
body by rejuvenating the reproductive organs, just as a tree is invigorated by feeding the
roots[51].
Ashwagandha is thought to be amphoteric; i.e., it can help regulate important
physiologic processes[52].
 Extraction of Ashwagandha powder from roots:
 Obtain high-quality, organic Ashwagandha roots from a local herbal store or online.
 Wash the Ashwagandha roots thoroughly under running water to remove any dirt or
debris.
 Pat the roots dry using a clean towel or paper towel.
 Using a clean and dry grinder or a mortar and pestle, grind the dried Ashwagandha
roots into a fine powder. You may need to grind the roots in batches if you have a
large quantity.
 Sieve the powder using a fine mesh sieve or a sifter to remove any coarse particles
or fibers.
 Transfer the Ashwagandha root powder to an airtight container, preferably made of
glass.
 Store the container in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight. Properly stored,
Ashwagandha root powder can last for several months.
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3. Amalaki (Emblica officinalis)
AMALAKI FRUIT AND POWDER
Amla, also known as Indian gooseberry, is a fruit that is known for its various
health benefits, including its potential to boost the immune system. Amla also contains
other antioxidants, such as flavonoids and polyphenols, that help in strengthening the
immune system by fighting against infections and diseases.
 Scientific name: Emblica officinalis
 Family: Euphorbiaceae
 Part used: Fruit
Amalaki has been renowned in the Ayurvedic tradition for thousands of years. It is
known to pacify all three doshas of vata, pitta, and kapha, though it is especially calming
to pitta[55]. In Ayurveda’s language of energetics, amalaki is said to have a rasa (taste)
that is primarily sour, as well as sweet, pungent, bitter, and astringent. Its virya (action) is
cooling, and its vipaka (post-digestive effect) is sweet.
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Different types of uses of Amalaki [56]
Charaka Samhita mentioned Amalaki is one of the most potent and nutritious drug
and also a best rejuvenating herb [53]. The fruit can be harvested in December and kept
on the tree until March without any significant loss in quality or yield. The typical
picking season for tulsi fruit is from January to March [54].
Amalaki fruits contain 81.2% moisture, 14.1% carbohydrates, and 3.4% fiber, with
small amounts of protein, fat, and mineral matter. They also contain compounds such as
phyllemblin, phyllemblic acid, gallic acid, ellagic acid, and various tannins.. [55].
 Extracting Amalaki Powder from Fruit:
• Wash fresh amla fruits thoroughly and remove any dirt or debris.
• Cut the amla fruits into small pieces and discard the seeds.
• Place the amla pieces on a baking sheet and let them dry in the sun for a few days
until they are completely dry. Alternatively, you can dry them in a dehydrator or in
a low-temperature oven until they are crispy.
• Once the amla pieces are completely dry, grind them into a fine powder using a
blender, food processor, or coffee grinder.
• Sieve the powder to remove any larger pieces and store the amla powder in an
airtight container in a cool, dry place.
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4. Giloy (Tinospora cordifolia)
Giloy Stems and Leaves
Giloy is the most abundant plant, involved in the treatment and rapid use, giloy is
considered as Amrit plant. Amrit means “Root of immortality”. Hence, it's conjointly
known as Amrita Valli or Amrita in the Sanskrit language. The scientific name of Giloy
is Tinospora Cordifolia, Guduchi (in Hindi). Giloy’s stem is considered more effective
due to its high biological process and content and consists of several alkaloids and several
secondary metabolites to provide treatment in the medical fields. Giloy conjointly gets its
name Heart-leaved vine by its un-subdivided leaves and its cerise fruit[57].
This herb activated our body's immune system and increased a person's vitality[58].
Studies have shown that giloy can increase the production of white blood cells and
improve their activity, which can help fight off infections and diseases. It has been shown
to possess antidiabetic, antioxidant, antihepatotoxic, and immunomodulatory
properties [59][60][61].
Giloy is an abundant source of antioxidants, which helps in removing toxins,
as blood purifier, fights against bacteria that cause various diseases and combats liver as
well as urinary tract infections[62].
 Scientific name: Tinospora cordifolia
 Family: Menispermaceae
 Part used: Stems and Leaves
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The root and stem of Giloy are prescribed in combination with other drugs as an
antidote to snake bite and scorpion sting. It also have anti-neoplastic property and anti-
oxidant activity[63].
A large variety of compounds which are responsible for immunomodulatory and
cytotoxic effects are 11- hydroxymuskatone, N-methyle-2-pyrrolidone, N-
formylannonain, cordifolioside A, magnoflorine, tinocordioside and syringing[64][65].
 Extraction of Giloy powder from Stem:
• Wash the guduchi or giloy stems, remove the outer husks and cut the stems
into smaller pieces of 2-3 inches length.
• Mash the stems inside the given quantity of water and allow it to settle
overnight for about 10-12 hours.
• In the following morning, vigorously macerate the partially mashed giloy
stems so as to release the mushy starchy material into the liquid.
• Filter the mixture a few times through mesh no.100 (with minute sized pores)
to remove any woody hard particles of the stem.
• Keep the liquid aside uninterrupted for 4-5 hours so that the filtrate separates
from the residue.
• Carefully remove the supernatant liquid and collect the starchy sediment onto
a tray.
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5. Turmeric (Curcuma longa)
Turmeric root & Powder
Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) is a perennial and rhizomatous herb belonging to the
Zingiberaceae group and is an important medicinal plant[72]. Curcumin (Curcumin (1,7-
bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione)) is a polyphenolic substance
with hydrophobic features which is one of the most effective components in turmeric
extract[73].
Turmeric, a spice that has long been recognized for its medicinal properties, has
received interest from both the medical/scientific world and from culinary enthusiasts, as
it is the major source of the polyphenol curcumin[66]Turmeric has been used for
centuries in Asia for cooking and as a treatment for various diseases. It is known for its
strong antioxidant properties. [67].
Over the past half a century, curcumin has received growing interest in biological,
pharmacological, and nutraceutical research[68][69].
Many studies have proved that curcumin also possesses other potential beneficial
properties, such as anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, antimetastatic, anti-angiogenic,
antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, antithrombotic, wound healing, anti-cancer,
immunomodulatory,etc properties[70][71].
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 Scientific name: Curcuma longa L
 Family: Zingiberaceae
 Part used: Root
 Extraction of Turmeric Powder From Root:
• Wash and dry the turmeric roots thoroughly.
• Peel the turmeric roots using a vegetable peeler or a knife.
• Cut the turmeric roots into small pieces, about 1-2 inches in length.
• Spread the pieces out on a baking sheet and dry them in the sun or in a
dehydrator until they are completely dry and brittle. This may take several
days.
• Once the turmeric pieces are dry, grind them into a fine powder using a spice
grinder, food processor, or mortar and pestle.
• Sift the powder through a fine mesh strainer to remove any large pieces or
lumps.
• Store the turmeric powder in an airtight container in a cool, dark place.
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6. Neem (Azadirachta indica)
Neem Leaves & Powder
Ayurvedic experts have for centuries promoted neem as ‘nature’s pharmacy’, with
each of its parts – leaves, bark, flowers – full of potential health benefits. Used for
cleaning teeth, strengthening hair and healing skin wounds, neem has also displayed
promise in boosting immunity, and fighting cancer and Covid-19.
Neem elaborates a vast array of biologically active compounds that are chemically
diverse and structurally complex. More than 140 compounds have been isolated from
different parts of neem. It consists of steroids, flavonoids- Stigmasterol, Tetrasulphides,
Quercetin, Nimbosterol, Nimbin, Azadirachtin, Meliantriol, Salanin.[74].
Neem helps boost your immune system while cooling down your body internally. It
possesses both antibacterial and anti-fungal properties that help keep your skin clean,
radiant and healthy. Neem also has blood purifying properties[75][76][77].
 Scientific name: Azadirachta indica
 Family: Meliaceae
 Part used: Root
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Neem has been used for centuries for various purposes, including dental hygiene,
skin disorders, as a tonic, and as a natural insect repellent. In rural India, neem leaves are
commonly used as a water decoction for the prevention and treatment of various ailments.
[78].
Immunostimulant and immunomodulatory activity of Neem.
 Extraction of Neem Powder from Leaves:
• Collect fresh neem leaves: Choose healthy and mature neem leaves from a neem
tree. Avoid using leaves that have been sprayed with pesticides or chemicals.
• Wash the leaves: Rinse the neem leaves thoroughly in clean water to remove any
dirt or impurities.
• Dry the leaves: Spread the neem leaves out in a single layer on a clean, dry surface.
Leave them to dry in the sun for a few days until they are completely dry and
brittle. Alternatively, you can dry the leaves in a dehydrator or oven set to a low
temperature.
• Grind the leaves: Once the neem leaves are completely dry, use a grinder or food
processor to grind them into a fine powder. You can also use a mortar and pestle to
grind the leaves, but this may take longer.
• Store the powder: Store the neem leaf powder in an airtight container in a cool, dry
place away from direct sunlight. Use the powder as required.
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7. Shigru (Moringa oleifera)
Shigru Leaves, Fruit and Powder.
Moringa is truly a miracle plant, and a divine gift for the nourishing and healing
of man[79]. In Ayurveda it is extensively used in the treatment of various ailments
i.e. visha (poison), Krimi (wormi-cidal), Kustha (skin disorders), Kandu (itching),
Vatavyadhi, Ashmari (calculi), Sopha (Inflammation)[80].
M. oleifera acts as an antiviral, diuretic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, anticancer,
and antibacterial plant[81].The immune-modulatory effects of the Moringa plant could
serve as protection or prevention from future infections[82].
The leaves of Shigru are remarkably rich in carotene and ascorbic acid[83].
Moringine, Ben-oil, Spiro chin, Pterygospermin (antibiotic), Amino acids are some
chemical constituents[84]. Moringa oleifera leaves have niaziminin B as an
immunomodulator[85].
The Moringa oleifera plant has a role in strengthening the immune system. The
components that play a role include kaempferol, pterygospermin, morphine, quercetin,
and apigenin. Apigenin has the highest activity in fighting SARS-Cov-2- MPro [86].
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 Scientific name: Moringa oleifera
 Family: Moringaceae
 Part used: Young Leaves
 Extraction of Shigru Powder from moringa Leaves:
• Harvest fresh moringa leaves from a tree that is at least six months old.
• Wash the leaves thoroughly with clean water to remove any dirt or debris.
• Spread the leaves out on a clean cloth or paper towel and allow them to air dry
completely. This can take several days depending on the humidity levels in your
area.
• Once the leaves are completely dry, remove the stems and any tough parts of the
leaves.
• Grind the leaves into a fine powder using a mortar and pestle or a food processor.
You can also use a coffee grinder or blender, but make sure to grind the leaves in
small batches to avoid overheating the machine.
• Store the moringa leaf powder in an airtight container in a cool, dry place away
from direct sunlight. The powder can be used in various dishes, smoothies or as a
supplement.
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8. Guda (Saccharum officinarum)
Guda Powder with Sugercane.
Jaggery is known as the "medicinal sugar" and is nutritionally comparable with
honey. It has been used as a sweetener in Ayurvedic Medicine for 3000 years. It is a pure,
wholesome, unrefined form of sugar which contains the natural goodness of minerals and
vitamins produced from sugarcane. Jaggery is used as a healthy sweetener. It is available
in solid, liquid and powder form [87].
Jaggery is a type of unrefined sugar, prepared from sugarcane or date juice.
Jaggery, has a mineral content of approximately 60 times that of refined white sugar. One
teaspoon of jaggery contains approximately 4- 5 mg calcium, 2-3 mg phosphorus, 8 mg
magnesium, 48 mg potassium, 0.5 mg iron, as well as trace amounts of zinc, copper,
thiamin, riboflavin, and niacin. The corresponding values for white sugar are all
essentially zero.
Drinking herbal syrup contains jaggery is very beneficial to increase immunity[88].
Jaggery is known as 'medicinal sugar' which is used for pharmaceutical formulations. It
improves digestion, helps in cleansing the liver, relieves constipation, boosts energy,
purifies the blood, anti-toxic and anti-carcinogenic properties, relives tension, treatment
of bronchial or lung infections and pre-menstrual syndrome[89].
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 Scientific name: Saccharum officinarum
 Family: Poaceae
 Part used: Whole Guda
In Ayurveda, Guda is also used as a binder or excipient in herbal tablet
manufacturing. Here are some key points about this practice:
• Jaggery is a natural sweetener made from sugarcane juice or date palm sap, and is
often used as a substitute for sugar in Ayurvedic preparations.
• In Ayurvedic tablet manufacturing, jaggery is used as a binding agent to hold
together the powdered herbs and form them into tablets.
• Jaggery is considered an ideal binder due to its natural adhesive properties and
ability to enhance the bioavailability and efficacy of herbal ingredients.
• Unlike synthetic binders or excipients, jaggery is a natural substance that is easily
metabolized by the body and does not have any harmful side effects.
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9. Madhu (Apis mellifera)
Honey Comb & Honey.
Honey known as madhu in ayurvedic scriptures is one of the most important
medicines used in ayurveda.
The most important ingredient of honey is carbohydrates present in the form of
monosaccharides, fructose, glucose and disaccharides, maltose, isomaltose, maltulose,
sucrose and turanose and the sweetness of honey is due to presence of these ingredients.
It also contains oligosaccharides including the anderose and panose and enzymes
including amylase, oxidase peroxide, catalase and acid phosphorylase. Furthermore,
honey contains amino acids, trace vitamin B, Vitamin B6, Vitamin C, niacin, folic acid,
minerals, iron, zinc and antioxidants[90]. Honey is commonly used as an anti-
inflammatory, anti-oxidant and anti-bacterial agent[91].
The health promoting characteristics of bee are mainly due to the presence of
multiple metabolites including folic acid, thiamine, biotin, niacin, tocopherol,
polyphenols, phytosterols besides enzymes and co-enzymes. The favorable facts on the
anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial, anti-fungicidal, hepato-protective.
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It is also used as a natural preservative and sweetener in many ayurvedic
preparations. It is also used as a vehicle along with some medicines to improve its
efficacy or to mitigate the side effects of the other medicines it is mixed with[92].
 Scientific name: Apis mellifera
 Family: Apidae
 Part used: Whole Honey
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ROLE OF THE MATERIALS IN TABLET
Sr.
No.
MATERIALS ROLE
1. Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum Linn)
Adaptogen, Antioxidant, Anti-
inflammatory, Digestive support,
Respiratory support.
2. Ashwagandha (Withania
somnifera)
Immune system support, Stress relief,
Supports gut health, Anti-
inflammatory, Cardioprotective
3. Amala (Emblica Officinalis)
Antioxidant, Immunomodulatory,
Hepatoprotective, Neuroprotective.
4. Giloy (Tinospora cordifolia)
Anti-allergic, Antioxidant, Anti-
inflammatory, Anti-microbial.
5. Turmeric(Curcuma longa)
Digestive, Immune system support,
Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory,
6. Neem (Azadirachta indica)
Antioxidant, Immunomodulatory,
Anti-inflammatory, Anti-microbial.
7. Shigru (Moringa oleifera)
Anti inflammatory, antioxidant
antifungal, analgesic, immuno
modulatory.
8. Guda (Saccharum officinarum)
Natural sweetner, Blood purifier,
immunity booster, energy booster,
respiratory health.
9. Honey(Apis mellifera)
Binder, Antibacterial and antifungal
10. Acacia gum (Acacia senegal)
Binder, Prebiotic
11. Talc
Lubricant
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FORMULATION DEVELOPEMENT
Sr. No. Materials Quantity For 500 Mg
1. Tulsi 100 mg
2. Ashwagandha 100 mg
3. Amala 80 mg
4. Giloy 100 mg
5. Turmeric 45 mg
6. Neem 25 mg
7. Shigru 50 mg
8. Guda Q.S
9. Madhu Q.S
10. Acacia Gum Q.S
11. Talc Q.S
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PREPARATION OF IMMUNO-VEDA HERBAL TABLET
Anagnisadhya Vati is a unique Ayurvedic preparation that is prepared without heat
and used to treat digestive disorders. The preparation process involves combining the
powders of different ingredients with Guda, adding suggested liquid or honey, and
pounding or triturating the mixture to form tablets or Vati. Its use has been documented in
traditional Ayurvedic texts and is still widely used today in Ayurvedic medicine practice.
 Steps for Preparation Includes:
1. To manufacture herbal tablets using the above ingredients, a formulation
would first be developed based on the desired dosage and therapeutic effect.
2. The raw materials would then be sourced, prepared, and mixed in the
appropriate ratios.
3. The powders of Tulsi, Ashwagandha, Giloy, and Shigru would be weighed
out at 100, 100, 100, and 50 milligrams respectively.
4. Amla and Turmeric would be added at 80 and 45 milligrams, followed by
Neem at 25 milligrams.
5. The mixture would be blended thoroughly and Guda and Madhu added in
quantities sufficient to achieve the desired consistency.
6. Acacia Gum would be added as a binder, as needed, to ensure the tablets hold
together.
7. The final formulation would then be compressed into tablets, using a tablet
press.
.
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EVALUATION OF IMMUNO-VEDA HERBAL TABLET
1] Organoleptic Characteristics
Organoleptic characteristics are sensory properties of a drug product that are
detected by the sense organs, such as color, odor, taste, and appearance. For herbal
tablets, these characteristics can vary based on the specific herbs used and the
manufacturing process. Overall, the organoleptic characteristics of herbal tablets should
be evaluated to ensure that they meet the required specifications and are acceptable for
patient use.
2] Friability Test:
Tablet requires a certain amount of strength or hardness and resistance to friability
to withstand mechanical shakes of handling in manufacture, packaging and shipping.
The friability of the tablets was determined using a friabilator in which 10 tablets
were weighed and subjected to a controlled series of falling and rotation for 4 minutes at
25 revolutions per minutes(RPM). The tablets were then cleaned to remove dust and
fragments, and were weighed again.
The friability of a tablet is determined by calculating the percentage weight loss of
the tablets after subjecting them to abrasion, impact, and attrition during tumbling.
The formula for calculating friability is:
Friability = ((W1 - W2)/W1) x 100
Where:
W1 = initial weight of the tablet sample
W2 = final weight of the tablet sample after tumbling
To calculate the friability of a 500mg tablet, the tablet is weighed before and after the
tumbling process. The initial weight of the tablets is 510mg and the final weight after
tumbling is 502mg.
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Substituting the values in the above formula, we get:
Friability (%) = ((510-502) / 510) x 100
Friability (%) = (12 / 510) x 100
Friability (%) = 1.56%
Therefore, the friability of the 500mg tablet is 1.56%.
Friability Test Apparatus.
3] Hardness Test:
Hardness generally measures the tablet crushing strength. The hardness of a tablet
refers to its ability to withstand breaking, chipping, or crumbling under mechanical stress
or pressure. It is important to ensure that the tablet has sufficient hardness to withstand
handling and transportation.
The force is measured in kg and the hardness of about 3-5 kg/cm2 is considered to
be satisfactory for uncoated tablets. Hardness of 10 tablets from each formulation is
determined by Monsanto hardness tester, Pfizer hardness tester etc.
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Therefore, the hardness of the 500mg tablet in Monsanto hardness tester is
3.20Kg/cm^2
Monsanto Hardness Tester.
4] Dissolution Test:
A single tablet is placed in a small wire mesh basket attached to the bottom of the
shaft connected to a variable speed motor. The basket is immersed in a dissolution
medium contained in a 100 ml flask.
The flask is cylindrical with a hemispherical bottom. The flask is maintained at
37+0,5^C by a constant temperature both. The motor is adjusted to turn at the specified
speed and sample of the fluid are withdrawn at intervals to determine the amount of drug
in solutions
Stirring was at a rate of 50 revolutions per minute, using a Tablet Dissolution test
apparatus. Samples (5 mL) of the dissolution medium were removed every 5 minutes and
replaced with an equal volume of 0.1M HCL at the same temperature. The absorbance of
the removed samples was measured, and the total concentration of drug in each sample
was determined using a UV-VIS spectropho-tometer.
The amount of drug present in the sample is 500mg.
The initial drug content is 506mg (the weight of the tablet)
“IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER
OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” 2022-2023
R .P. COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, ALNI, DHARASHIV. Page 40
We use the following formula:
Percentage Dissolved = (Amount of drug in sample á Initial drug content) x 100
Percentage Dissolved = (500mg á 506mg) x 100
Percentage Dissolved = 98%
Therefore, 98% of the drug in the tablet dissolves in 15 minutes under the conditions
of the dissolution test.
Dissolution Test Apparatus.
“IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER
OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” 2022-2023
R .P. COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, ALNI, DHARASHIV. Page 41
5] Weight Variation Test:
Take 10 tablet and weighed individually Calculate average weight and compare the
individual tablet weight to the average.
Calculate the % weight variation for each tablet using the following formula:
% Weight Variation = ((Individual tablet weight - Average weight) / Average weight)
x 100
10 tablets from the batch and weigh them individually. Here are the weights we get:
Tablet 1: 498 mg Tablet 2: 500 mg Tablet 3: 505 mg
Tablet 4: 492 mg Tablet 5: 506 mg Tablet 6: 498 mg
Tablet 7: 503 mg Tablet 8: 501 mg Tablet 9: 494 mg
Tablet 10: 499 mg
To calculate the average weight, we add up all the weights and divide by 10:
Average weight = (498 + 500 + 505 + 492 + 506 + 498 + 503 + 501 + 494 + 499) / 10
= 499.6 mg
Now we calculate the % weight variation for each tablet:
Tablet 1: ((498 - 499.6) / 499.6) x 100 = -0.32%
Tablet 2: ((500 - 499.6) / 499.6) x 100 = 0.08%
Tablet 3: ((505 - 499.6) / 499.6) x 100 = 1.08%
Tablet 4: ((492 - 499.6) / 499.6) x 100 = -1.52%
Tablet 5: ((506 - 499.6) / 499.6) x 100 = 1.28%
Tablet 6: ((498 - 499.6) / 499.6) x 100 = -0.32%
Tablet 7: ((503 - 499.6) / 499.6) x 100 = 0.68%
Tablet 8: ((501 - 499.6) / 499.6) x 100 = 0.28%
Tablet 9: ((494 - 499.6) / 499.6) x 100 = -1.12%
Tablet 10: ((499 - 499.6) / 499.6) x 100 = -0.12%
The tablet with the highest % weight variation is Tablet 3, with a value of 1.08%.
Since the maximum allowable % weight variation is Âą5%, and Tablet 3's % weight
variation is within this range, the batch passes the weight variation test.
“IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER
OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” 2022-2023
R .P. COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, ALNI, DHARASHIV. Page 42
RESULT
The Immuno-veda Herbal Tablet is formulated and Evaluated .
Sr. No. Evaluation Parameters Observation
1. Organoleptic characteristic -
a. Colour Yellowish Brown
b. Odour Characteristic
c. Taste Bitter
d. Appearance Rough surface
2. Friability Test 1.08%.
3. Hardness 3.20Kg/cm^2
4. Dissolution Test 98%
5. Weight Variation 499.6 mg
Prepared Immuno-veda Herbal Tablet.
“IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER
OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” 2022-2023
R .P. COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, ALNI, DHARASHIV. Page 43
CONCLUSION
ImmunoVeda Ayurvedic Herbal Tablet is prepared by using various essential
natural ingredients like Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum Linn), Ashwagandha (Withania
somnifera), Amala (Emblica Officinalis), Giloy (Tinospora cordifolia), Turmeric
(Curcuma longa), Neem (Azadirachta indica), Shigru (Moringa oleifera) by ayurvedic
Anagnisadhya method which perfectly works as immunity booster. Guda (Saccharum
officinarum) is used as Natural sweetner also possess the blood purifying property, Honey
(Apis mellifera), and Acacia gum (Acacia senegal) are used as binders. Honey also act as
antibacterial and antifungal agent. Talc is used a lubricant. The formulated tablet was also
evaluated by various evaluation parameters like organoleptic characteristics, friability
test, dissolution test, weight variation test, hardness to ensure the performance and
stability of tablet.
The tablet accomplish the ideal properties of immunity booster which by
consuming will achieve the body requirement of essential components to make immune
system works consistently. This tablet is a substitute over a supplement which does not
gives a long lasting effect. As the tablet intact with the natural ingredients it works on
root cause giving a long lasting benefits.
“IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER
OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” 2022-2023
R .P. COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, ALNI, DHARASHIV. Page 44
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https://www.pediatriconcall.com/articles/alternative-medicine/ayurveda/ayurveda-patient-
education.

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IMMUNOVEDA : UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE BOOSTING POWER OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET

  • 1. PROJECT ENTITLED “IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” BY Mr. VAIBHAV CHANDRAKANT TAK B. pharmacy VIII SEMESTER R P COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, ALNI, DHARASHIV Under the guidance and supervision of Asst Prof. SUPRIYA LONDHE M.Pharm SUBMITTED TO DR. BABASAHEB AMBEDKAR MARATHWADA UNIVERSITY CHHATRAPATI SAMBHAJI NAGAR. Academic Year 2022-2023
  • 2. CERTIFICATE OF PRINCIPAL This is to certify that work described in this project entitled “IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” was submitted to R P college of Pharmacy, Alni, Dharashiv in partial fulfilment of the project the final year B. Pharmacy , Sem – VIII program. This work has been carried out by Vaibhav Chandrakant Tak (Roll no. 91) during 2022-2023 under guidance and supervision of Asst. Prof. Supriya Londhe. Material which has been obtained from other sources has been duly acknowledged in the project. Place : Dharashiv Date: Dr. Gazi Shaikh Principal, R P College Of Pharmacy, Alni, Dharashiv - 413501.
  • 3. CERTIFICATE OF GUIDE This is to certify that the dissertation entitled “IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” has been completed under my guidance, by Miss. Supriya Londhe. The Present work is of original nature and not copied from other earlier projects and further any part of it has not been submitted to any other University. His conclusions are based on data collected by him. The matter presented here in this dissertation has not been submitted earlier. Place : Dharashiv Date: Miss. Supriya Londhe Asst. Prof., R P College Of Pharmacy, Dharashiv- 413501
  • 4. DECLARATION I hereby declare that the present a report entitled “IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” was submitted to R P College Of Pharmacy, Alni, Dharashiv the work carried out under the supervision and guidance of Asst Prof. Supriya Londhe, R.P college of Pharmacy, Alni , Dharashiv Maharashtra in the academic year 2022-2023. Place: Dharashiv Date: Mr. Vaibhav Chandrakant Tak Roll no. 91, PRN No. 2019015201027522.
  • 5. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT "Success is not a solo pursuit, but a joint venture that requires the contributions of many to reach its full potential." First and foremost, I am thankful Dr. Gazi Sir, Principal of R P College Pharmacy, Alni, Dharashiv, for his constant support and motivation throughout my academics. I admire my guide, Miss. Supriya londhe, for her guidance in project. Thankful to all the Teachers who supported me and thanks to non teaching staff as well. I am also deeply grateful to my Parents and my Sisters for their unwavering love, support, and motivation. Their encouragement and blessings have been my constant source of strength and inspiration throughout my life. I would like to express my special thanks to Abhijit Kulthe for his creative ideas, tech. assistance, His contribution has been an important part of this work. Lastly, I would like to thank my colleagues Siddhant, Ram, Satyam, Ritul, Madhuri, Mitali, and Ketki for their camaraderie, support, and encouragement throughout the college journey. "Gratitude is the warm embrace we give to those who light up our world with love and support."
  • 6. DEDICATION Every challenging work needs self efforts as well as guidance of elders especially those who were very close to our heart. My humble effort I dedicate to my sweet and loving Father & Mother, Whose affection, love, encouragement and prays of day and night make me able to get such success and honor.
  • 7. ABSTRACT In today's day and age, a healthy immune system is perhaps the most important thing that one can ask for. With a rapidly growing population in an ever-changing environment, it has become increasingly challenging to maintain good health, particularly develop a strong immune system, through every stage of our lives. This is where immunity boosters come into the picture. Immunity boosters are anything that can help bolster the immune system in a natural way. You can do this by changing your diet, improving your sleep quality, exercising regularly, managing stress, drinking more water, and so on. However, the best way to get healthy is by including more and more foods to increase immunity in your diet. If the fresh food you eat lacks nutrients necessary for good health, you can easily opt for immunity boosting supplements to boost immune system. So, the present study aim to formulate a ImmunoVeda (Immunity + Ayurveda) Herbal Tablet which contains varies essential pure herbs and natural ingredients by the ayurvedic method to fulfil the body need to strengthen immunity. Herbal Tablet is also evaluated to ensure the performance and stability. Immunity boosters work by strengthening your body's immune system against disease-causing pathogens. This they achieve by either providing your body with the nutrition that it may lack, or by helping it release certain chemicals and hormones that may reduce your stress levels and help you detoxify. Immunity boosters have certain distinct features and benefits Strengthen the body, Slow down aging, Meet the body's nutrition requirements, Speed-up healing, Boost energy, Overall health management, Fight autoimmune diseases, Immunity boosters also indirectly impact your hair health, skin health, and even mental health. Keywords: Ayurveda, ImmunoVeda, Immunity booster, Strengthen immunity, Health.
  • 8. INDEX Sr. No. Content Pg No. 1. Introduction 1 2. Materials And Their Method Of Extraction 16 3. Role Of The Materials 34 4. Formulation Developement 35 5. Preparation Of Immuno-Veda Herbal Tablet 36 6. Evaluation Tests 37 7. Result 42 8. Conclusion 43 9. References 44
  • 9. “IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” 2022-2023 R .P. COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, ALNI, DHARASHIV. Page 1 INTRODUCTION The literal meaning of Ayurveda is “Science of Life”, and also called “Science Of Longevity”. It offers programs to rejuvenate the body through diet and nutrition. The origin of Ayurveda is considered to be divine, from the Hindu God, Brahma who is called as the creator of the universe[93]. Ayurveda healers developed both medicinal and surgical approach for treatment and management of the disease conditions. Ayurveda is a medical system that originated in ancient India and has a mythological history. According to Hindu mythology, Ayurveda originated from Lord Brahma, who taught it to his disciple Dakshaprajapathi. Dakshaprajapathi then passed on the knowledge to the twin gods, Aswinikumaras, who taught Lord Indra. The Sages then held a conference in the Himalayan mountains and approached Lord Indra to gain knowledge of Ayurveda. [96] There is controversy as to who approached Lord Indra first, but this led to the creation of two schools of thought - the Charaka school of thought or the school of medicine and the Dhanvanthari school of thought or the school of surgeons. Ayurveda was taught orally until disciples like Agnivesa, Sushruta, Bhela, and many others started documenting the teachings in the form of treatises. Vedas, the most ancient Hindu scriptures, also contain references related to Ayurveda. [96] Ayurveda is considered the Upaveda of Atharva Veda, and Acharya Kashyapa gives the status of Panchama Veda (5th Veda) to Ayurveda. The Samhita period marked the systematic development and division of Ayurveda as written documentations became popular in the Indian subcontinent. The Bruhatrayees (Charaka Samhita, Susrutha Samhita, and Ashtanga Hridayam) written during this period paved the way for more enthusiasts to research deeply on Ayurveda and practice it accordingly. Another important milestone in the periodical development of Ayurveda is the origin of Rasashastra during the 7th to 13th century AD. It is during the 19th century that formal educational institutions were started in India for Ayurveda, with the sole intention of making it accessible to all.[96]
  • 10. “IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” 2022-2023 R .P. COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, ALNI, DHARASHIV. Page 2 Charaka Samhita describes all aspects of Ayurvedic medicine and Sushruta Samhita describes the Science of Surgery[94][95]. Both these legendary compilations are still used by practitioners of traditional medicine. Ayurveda treats the whole person, addressing the body, mind and spirit. The Hindu Religion states to have Four Vedas written by Aryans.  Rig Veda  Sam Veda  Atharva Veda  Yajur Veda Ayurveda is said to be a Upaveda (part) of Atharva veda. Ayurveda is thought to have existed for over 5,000 years, and the wisdom of healthy living in harmony with nature has been passed from generation to generation. Lord Dhanavantari is known as God of Medicine and Surgery according to Hindu Religion. Many Rishis has contributed develop the Ayurveda. Among the Ayurveda Literature Charaka Samhita is prime one , which is written by Maharshi Charka. Sushruta is ancient Indian physician and also called as “Father of Surgery”. Sushruta wrote the Sushruta Samhita as an instruction manual for physicians to treat their patients holistically.
  • 11. “IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” 2022-2023 R .P. COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, ALNI, DHARASHIV. Page 3 Flow chart of Origin of Ayurveda [97]. Principles 1. Panchamahabhutas:  Universe made up of 5 elements: Earth, Water, Fire, Air, Ether.  Combination of these elements forms 3 doshas: Vata, Pitta, and Kapha.  Understanding doshic balance is fundamental to Ayurvedic diagnosis and treatment. 2. Tridosha:  Three fundamental energies or principles that govern the body and mind: Vata, Pitta, and Kapha.  Each individual has a unique combination of doshas.  Maintaining balance among the doshas is essential for overall health and well- being.
  • 12. “IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” 2022-2023 R .P. COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, ALNI, DHARASHIV. Page 4 3. Sapta Dhatu:  Seven fundamental bodily components that make up the body: Rasa, Rakta, Mamsa, Meda, Asthi, Majja, Shukra.  Imbalance in these tissues can result in health issues.  Balancing and nourishing these Dhatus is essential for maintaining overall health and well-being. Formulations The Ayurvedic drugs are derived from vegetable sources from the various parts of the plant like root, leaf, flower, fruit extrude or plant as a whole. Ayurvedic compound formulations are mainly divided into two groups viz. 1) Kasthausadhi (predominantly plant drugs) Asava, Arishtha, Avaleha, Vati or Gutika, Ghrita, Churna, Taila etc. 2) Rasausadhi (predominantly metals and minerals). Bhasma, Pisti, Lauha, Kapibadkva, Rasayana etc.  Following mentioned are some of marketed preparations :
  • 13. “IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” 2022-2023 R .P. COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, ALNI, DHARASHIV. Page 5 IMMUNITY AND ITS IMPORTANCE Immunity refers to the body’s ability to prevent the invasion of pathogens. [5] In biology, immunity is the state of being insusceptible or resistant to a noxious agent or process, especially a pathogen or infectious disease. Immunity may occur naturally or be produced by prior exposure or immunization.[6] Your body's immune system is the first line of defence against infections. Immunostimulants are inherently non-specific as they are envisaged as enhancements to a body’s resistance to infection. They can act through innate as well as adaptive immune responses. How Does The Immune System Work? The immune system has a vital role: It protects your body from harmful substances, germs and cell changes that could make you ill. It is made up of various organs, cells and proteins.[1][2] The immune system usually operates silently in the background, unnoticed, when it's functioning well. However, a weak or ineffective immune system can leave you vulnerable to aggressive germs and cause illness. Additionally, exposure to unfamiliar germs can also result in sickness. It's worth noting that some germs may only cause illness upon first contact. [1]
  • 14. “IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” 2022-2023 R .P. COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, ALNI, DHARASHIV. Page 6 Antigens are substances that the body labels as foreign and harmful, which triggers immune cell activity. Allergens are one type of antigen and include grass pollen, dust, food components, or pet hair. Antigens can cause a hyper-reactive response in which too many white cells are released.[4] The tasks of the immune system: Without an immune system, we would have no way to fight harmful things that enter our body from the outside or harmful changes that occur inside our body. The main tasks of the body’s immune system are  To fight disease-causing germs (pathogens) like bacteria, viruses, parasites or fungi, and to remove them from the body,  To recognize and neutralize harmful substances from the environment, and  To fight disease-causing changes in the body, such as cancer cells.[1][2][3] What factors can depress our immune system? [4]  Older age: As we age, our internal organs may become less efficient; immune- related organs like the thymus or bone marrow produce less immune cells needed to fight off infections. Aging is sometimes associated with micronutrient deficiencies, which may worsen a declining immune function.  Environmental toxins (smoke and other particles contributing to air pollution, excessive alcohol): These substances can impair or suppress the normal activity of immune cells.
  • 15. “IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” 2022-2023 R .P. COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, ALNI, DHARASHIV. Page 7  Excess weight: Obesity is associated with low-grade chronic inflammation. Fat tissue produces adipocytokines that can promote inflammatory processes. Research is early, but obesity has also been identified as an independent risk factor for the influenza virus, possibly due to the impaired function of T-cells, a type of white blood cell.  Poor diet: Malnutrition or a diet lacking in one or more nutrients can impair the production and activity of immune cells and antibodies.  Chronic diseases: Autoimmune and immunodeficiency disorders attack and potentially disable immune cells.  Chronic mental stress: Stress releases hormones like cortisol that suppresses inflammation (inflammation is initially needed to activate immune cells) and the action of white blood cells.  Lack of sleep and rest: Sleep is a time of restoration for the body, during which a type of cytokine is released that fights infection; too little sleep lowers the amount of these cytokines and other immune cells. How is the immune system activated? Antigens, substances that the body does not recognize as its own, can activate the immune system in response to a wide range of stimuli. Examples of antigens are proteins on the surfaces of bacteria, fungi, and viruses. These antigens bind to specific receptors on immune cells, triggering a sequence of reactions in the body. Upon initial exposure to a disease-causing germ, the body usually memorizes information about the germ and how to combat it. Subsequent exposure leads to faster recognition of the germ by the immune system, allowing it to begin fighting it immediately.[1]
  • 16. “IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” 2022-2023 R .P. COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, ALNI, DHARASHIV. Page 8 TYPES OF IMMUNITY  Innate Immunity (Active): Innate immunity refers to an immediate or early antigen-nonspecific defense mechanisms that are present in a host since birth without being induced and are designed to react and/or eliminate any antigen. This is the immunity one is born with.[7]  Immunity with which an individual is born is called innate or natural immunity.  Innate immunity is provided by various components such as Skin, mucus membrane, Phagocytic cells etc.  Innate immunity acts as first line of defense to particular microorganisms.[8] It can also activate the adaptive immune response through a process known as antigen presentation.[9][10][11]
  • 17. “IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” 2022-2023 R .P. COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, ALNI, DHARASHIV. Page 9 [12]  Adaptive Immunity (Passive): Adaptive (acquired) immunity refers to antigen specific induced defense mechanisms that take several days to develop and are designed to react and/or eliminate a specific antigen. This is the immunity one acquires during life.[7] The ability to distinguish between self and foreign substances is a key component of the adaptive immune system. In some cases, however, this system may fail to recognize the body's own molecules, resulting in harmful immune responses that can lead to fatal autoimmune diseases..[13]
  • 18. “IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” 2022-2023 R .P. COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, ALNI, DHARASHIV. Page 10 CURRENT GLOBAL HEALTH SCENARIO AND THE NEED OF AYURVEDIC IMMUNO-BOOSTERS “Immune boosting” is a trending topic during the COVID-19 pandemic. [14] In light of the coronavirus pandemic, the concept of "boosting" one's immune system has become a popular topic, often mentioned in conjunction with untested remedies, treatments, and preventative approaches. [14][16] The concept of “boosting” a person’s immune system would, presumably, involve making these responses more active, or stronger.[15][17][18] The present coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) COVID-19 appeared for the first time in Wuhan, China, at the end of 2019. People are being affected by human-to-human transmission due to close contact[20][21], and people affected by COVID-19 suffer from severe respiratory illness[22]. People who are elderly and have many comorbidities are the most vulnerable to COVID-19 [19][23]. Mechanism of immune systems in the human body against COVID-19 Due to the lack of a registered cure or vaccine for COVID-19, the immune system remains the most effective defense against the disease, as it supports the body's natural ability to resist and fight off infections caused by various pathogens, such as viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and worms.[19][24] Normally, as long as the immune system functions properly, the body can ward off infections like COVID-19 without any noticeable symptoms. The immune system is comprised of three types of immunity: innate immunity (which provides a rapid response), adaptive immunity (which has a slower response), and passive immunity. Passive immunity can be either natural (inherited from the mother) or artificial (acquired through medication). When the body is affected, the skin and inflammatory responses are triggered[25][26]. However, if the body encounters germs or viruses for the first time, the immune system may not function as expected, leading to illness. This is precisely what has occurred in the case of COVID-19, where the virus has overwhelmed the immune system of some individuals, leading to severe illness and even death.[27]
  • 19. “IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” 2022-2023 R .P. COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, ALNI, DHARASHIV. Page 11 Innate and adaptive immune system World Health Organization (WHO) has worked tirelessly to develop a plan to combat the deadly virus. One of their strategies includes reducing physical contact between people, as well as isolating and screening infected individuals in the early stages. They also aim to identify and reduce the spread of the virus from animal sources. Additionally, WHO has focused on educating the public about the critical mysteries surrounding the virus. Essentially, it can be transmitted through droplets such as saliva or nasal secretions, and even through airborne transmission. This has posed a significant challenge for scientists worldwide to find effective prevention measures against the pandemic until a suitable vaccine is discovered..[28] In this milieu, medicinal herbs are 'Gifted Gods' for healing, supporting and rehabilitating patients. Even though, no substantiation is present, but different studies on herbal plants are being conducted that have the ability to strengthen immune system and cope up with this virus. To expedite, certain phyto-compounds are being recognised to characterise the herbs in mitigating the incidence of infection. Ayurveda, Unani, Siddhi, Homeopathy, Romanian, Persian, Chinese traditional medicinal plants for example, are being currently exploited to check the effectiveness on this virus[28][29].
  • 20. “IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” 2022-2023 R .P. COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, ALNI, DHARASHIV. Page 12 There have been more than 25,000 herbal formulations used in folk remedies in Ayurveda alone. One single herbal species comprises plentiful phyto-constituents that single-handedly or collectively generate a pharmacological effect. Subsequently, these natural constituents are isolated and modulated as drug formulations against different diseases. [30]. It has been frequently indicated that 70-80% of the people belonging to the developing countries are directly dependent on the herbal drug for their primary healthcare in comparison to the modern synthetic drugs[31]. The traditional Indian medicines network is one of the oldest health modules since the human existence and plays a crucial role in combating and fulfilling the needs of the global healthcare system[32]. Recently, in India, it was suggested by the Ministry of AYUSH (Ayurvedic, Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy), to drink Kadha as a “Booster of Immunity” and lowering the tenderness caused during COVID-19 catastrophe. A Kadha is an extract prepared from less juicy or dry ingredients like spices and herbs. The Ministry of AYUSH with its conventional acquaintance has an extensive custom of maintenance of nation's health and its participation has augmented manifolds in this COVID-19 pandemic crisis[28][33].
  • 21. “IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” 2022-2023 R .P. COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, ALNI, DHARASHIV. Page 13 RATIONALE FOR SELECTING AYURVEDIC IMMUNITY BOOSTER TABLETS AS THE RESEARCH TOPIC The rationale for selecting Ayurvedic immunity booster tablets as the research topic for thesis work is multifaceted and backed by authentic and genuine data. Ayurveda, an ancient traditional system of medicine originating in India, offers a holistic approach to health and well-being, including strengthening the body's immunity. 1. Scientific evidence: There is a growing body of scientific research that supports the potential immune-enhancing effects of Ayurvedic herbs. Studies have shown that Ayurvedic herbs can stimulate the immune system, modulate inflammatory responses, and enhance the body's natural defense mechanisms. Investigating the scientific evidence behind Ayurvedic immunity booster tablets will contribute to the existing body of knowledge in this field. 2. Demand for natural remedies: With the increasing global demand for natural and alternative remedies for health and well-being, Ayurvedic immunity booster tablets have gained popularity. Researching this topic will address the contemporary need for safe, natural, and holistic approaches to enhancing immune function, especially in the context of lifestyle-related disorders and antibiotic resistance. 3. Traditional knowledge: Ayurveda is a rich source of traditional knowledge that has been passed down through generations. Exploring Ayurvedic immunity booster tablets will contribute to the documentation, validation, and preservation of this ancient knowledge, which is valuable for the promotion and preservation of traditional systems of medicine. Overall, the multifaceted rationale for selecting Ayurvedic immunity booster tablets as the research topic for a thesis work includes the need to explore the scientific evidence behind these tablets, the demand for natural remedies, and the desire to preserve and promote traditional knowledge. This research has the potential to contribute to the development of safe and effective immune-boosting remedies for individuals, as well as to the advancement of the field of natural medicine.
  • 22. “IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” 2022-2023 R .P. COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, ALNI, DHARASHIV. Page 14 AYURVEDIC HERBS AND THEIR IMMUNO-MODULATORY PROPERTIES In Ayurveda, immunomodulators are substances that are believed to help balance and regulate the immune system. They are used to support the body's natural defense mechanisms and promote overall health and wellbeing. Some of the medicinal plants valued in Ayurvedic Rasayana for their therapeutic potential have been scientifically investigated with promising results. A number of plant- based principles have been isolated with potential immunomodulatory activity that can explain and justify their use in traditional medicine in the past and can form the basis for further research in the future as well.[34] Ayurveda advocates multimodal approach to the disease, viz. nidanaparivarjana (avoidance of the etiological factors), apakarshana (removing the root cause) and prakritivighata (disease modifying or preparation of internal environment of the body hostile for the infectious agent). Ayurveda system believes in the concept of prevention through lifestyle and dietary management along with Rasayana therapy, which is considered as an effective measure in the prevention of disease by providing non- specific immunity[35].  Correlation of immunomodulators with Ayurveda: Ayurveda is a most ancient and yet currently vital tradition practiced widely in India, Sri Lanka and other countries. It has a sound philosophical and experimental basis. Atharvaveda (around 1200 BC), Charak Samhita and Sushrut Samhita (1000-500 BC) are the main classic reference collections that give a detailed description of over 700 herbs.  Plants as immunomodulators: Several medicinal plants used in the Indian traditional system known as Rasayana (devoted to enhancement of the body’s resistance) have attracted the attention of scientists world-wide. As discussed below, several medicinal plants exhibit not only immunomodulatory activity but also a wide range of antioxidant, antiasthmatic, antiarrhythmic, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, hypocholesterolemic, antifungal, cardiotonic, diuretic, and other medicinal activities.
  • 23. “IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” 2022-2023 R .P. COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, ALNI, DHARASHIV. Page 15  Concept of Rasayana: The word Rasayana, a combination of two words (rasa and ayana), refers to nutrition and its transportation throughout the body. Rasayana therapy enhances the qualities of rasa, enriching it with nutrients so one can attain longevity, improved memory and intelligence, freedom from disorder, youthfulness, excellence of hair, complexion and voice, optimum development of physique and sense organs, mastery over phonetics and brilliance Following given is the list of some of Rasayanas in Ayurveda as Immuno- modulators: Rasayana Herbs : The use of Rasayana herbs can boost the body's resilience and safeguard it against diseases caused by infections. In cases of somatic degenerative diseases, certain Rasayana medicines are recommended for their immuno-modulatory and adaptogenic properties. The following are some examples of such medicines: [36] o Ashavgandha (Withania somnifera) o Guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia) o Amla (Emblica officinalis) o Haritaki (Terminalia chebula) o Shilajeet (Black bitumen or Mineral pitch) o Suvarn Bhasm (herbal excipients) Rasayana is helpful to improve immunity and is normally advised during the degenerative phase of life, which starts from around 45 years in both males and females.
  • 24. “IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” 2022-2023 R .P. COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, ALNI, DHARASHIV. Page 16 MATERIALS AND THEIR METHOD OF EXTRACTION There are various plants which are used in Ayurveda as a medicinal plants, following are some of the Ayurvedic plants mentioned for the preparation of “Immuno- Veda Immunity-Booster Ayurvedic Tablet” : 1. Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum Linn) TULSI LEAVES Tulsi (Holy Basil): a sacred plant in Hinduism, also known as "holy basil," which is used in various religious ceremonies and also has medicinal properties. Within Ayurveda, tulsi is known as “The Incomparable One,” “Mother Medicine of Nature” and “The Queen of Herbs,” and is revered as an “elixir of life” that is without equal for both its medicinal and spiritual properties[37] Tulsi is perhaps one of the best examples of Ayurveda's holistic lifestyle approach to health. Tulsi tastes hot and bitter and is said to penetrate the deep tissues, dry tissue secretions and normalize kapha and vata. Daily consumption of tulsi is said to prevent  Neem (Azadirachta indica)  Shigru (Moringa oleifera)  Guda (Saccharum officinarum)  Madhu (Apis mellifera)  Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum Linn)  Ashwagandha(Withania somnifera)  Amalaki (Emblica officinalis)  Giloy (Tinospora cordifolia)  Turmeric (Curcuma longa)
  • 25. “IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” 2022-2023 R .P. COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, ALNI, DHARASHIV. Page 17 disease, promote general health, wellbeing and longevity and assist in dealing with the stresses of daily life.  Scientific name: Ocimum sanctum Linn  Family: Lamiaceae  Part used: Leaves Tulsi has been extensively studied for its health benefits. It has been shown to have a wide range of actions, including fighting against microbes, providing antioxidants, reducing inflammation, preventing cancer, protecting against radiation, controlling diabetes and high cholesterol, reducing high blood pressure, improving memory, and relieving stress. Tulsi has also been found to have a positive impact on a variety of health conditions such as diarrhea, asthma, arthritis, and allergies.[38][39][40][41]. Tulsi is a strong immunity booster[42]. It is packed with antioxidants and phytochemicals that protect the body from damages caused by free radicals thus, delaying the aging process. Because of its high antioxidant properties, some people believe that it can help in fighting cancerous cells as well. [43].  Extraction of Tulsi Powder from leaves: • Harvest healthy and mature Tulsi plants on a sunny day in the morning. • Pluck the leaves gently using clean hands or scissors. • Rinse the leaves thoroughly with clean water and let them air dry. • Spread the dry leaves on a clean surface and allow them to air dry for several days. • Grind the completely dry Tulsi leaves using a grinder or mortar and pestle. • Sieve the Tulsi powder through a fine mesh sieve to remove any coarse particles or stems.
  • 26. “IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” 2022-2023 R .P. COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, ALNI, DHARASHIV. Page 18 2. Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) ASHWAGANDHA ROOT & LEAVES  Scientific name: Withania somnifera  Family: Solanaceae  Part used: Roots W. somnifera is a highly prized herb in Ayurvedic medicine, where it has been used for more than 3000 years. It is also known as winter cherry, Indian ginseng, or by its Sanskrit name Ashwagandha, which means ‘horsepower’ and is supposedly attributed to its pungent odour. Ashwagandha has been used for millennia as a ‘Rasayana’ (rejuvenator) for longevity. It was imported to Europe in the 16th century[44][45][46]. W. somnifera is an important source of many potentially pharmacologically and medicinally valuable phytochemicals such as withanolides, sitoindosides, and various beneficial alkaloids[47]. Research reveals that Ashwagandha decreases cortisol levels, perceived stress, anxiety, and blood pressure in people under chronic stress[48][49]. The conventional usage of 'Ashwagandha' was aimed at enhancing energy, strength, stamina, youthful vitality, health, and promoting the time-related elements of the body. It
  • 27. “IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” 2022-2023 R .P. COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, ALNI, DHARASHIV. Page 19 was also used to augment the production of vital fluids, muscle fat, blood, lymph, semen, and cells. This herb has the ability to combat issues like chronic fatigue, dehydration, bone weakness, loose teeth, impotence, premature aging, emaciation, debility, and muscle tension. Furthermore, it is also believed to aid in convalescence [50]. It helps energize the body by rejuvenating the reproductive organs, just as a tree is invigorated by feeding the roots[51]. Ashwagandha is thought to be amphoteric; i.e., it can help regulate important physiologic processes[52].  Extraction of Ashwagandha powder from roots:  Obtain high-quality, organic Ashwagandha roots from a local herbal store or online.  Wash the Ashwagandha roots thoroughly under running water to remove any dirt or debris.  Pat the roots dry using a clean towel or paper towel.  Using a clean and dry grinder or a mortar and pestle, grind the dried Ashwagandha roots into a fine powder. You may need to grind the roots in batches if you have a large quantity.  Sieve the powder using a fine mesh sieve or a sifter to remove any coarse particles or fibers.  Transfer the Ashwagandha root powder to an airtight container, preferably made of glass.  Store the container in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight. Properly stored, Ashwagandha root powder can last for several months.
  • 28. “IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” 2022-2023 R .P. COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, ALNI, DHARASHIV. Page 20 3. Amalaki (Emblica officinalis) AMALAKI FRUIT AND POWDER Amla, also known as Indian gooseberry, is a fruit that is known for its various health benefits, including its potential to boost the immune system. Amla also contains other antioxidants, such as flavonoids and polyphenols, that help in strengthening the immune system by fighting against infections and diseases.  Scientific name: Emblica officinalis  Family: Euphorbiaceae  Part used: Fruit Amalaki has been renowned in the Ayurvedic tradition for thousands of years. It is known to pacify all three doshas of vata, pitta, and kapha, though it is especially calming to pitta[55]. In Ayurveda’s language of energetics, amalaki is said to have a rasa (taste) that is primarily sour, as well as sweet, pungent, bitter, and astringent. Its virya (action) is cooling, and its vipaka (post-digestive effect) is sweet.
  • 29. “IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” 2022-2023 R .P. COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, ALNI, DHARASHIV. Page 21 Different types of uses of Amalaki [56] Charaka Samhita mentioned Amalaki is one of the most potent and nutritious drug and also a best rejuvenating herb [53]. The fruit can be harvested in December and kept on the tree until March without any significant loss in quality or yield. The typical picking season for tulsi fruit is from January to March [54]. Amalaki fruits contain 81.2% moisture, 14.1% carbohydrates, and 3.4% fiber, with small amounts of protein, fat, and mineral matter. They also contain compounds such as phyllemblin, phyllemblic acid, gallic acid, ellagic acid, and various tannins.. [55].  Extracting Amalaki Powder from Fruit: • Wash fresh amla fruits thoroughly and remove any dirt or debris. • Cut the amla fruits into small pieces and discard the seeds. • Place the amla pieces on a baking sheet and let them dry in the sun for a few days until they are completely dry. Alternatively, you can dry them in a dehydrator or in a low-temperature oven until they are crispy. • Once the amla pieces are completely dry, grind them into a fine powder using a blender, food processor, or coffee grinder. • Sieve the powder to remove any larger pieces and store the amla powder in an airtight container in a cool, dry place.
  • 30. “IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” 2022-2023 R .P. COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, ALNI, DHARASHIV. Page 22 4. Giloy (Tinospora cordifolia) Giloy Stems and Leaves Giloy is the most abundant plant, involved in the treatment and rapid use, giloy is considered as Amrit plant. Amrit means “Root of immortality”. Hence, it's conjointly known as Amrita Valli or Amrita in the Sanskrit language. The scientific name of Giloy is Tinospora Cordifolia, Guduchi (in Hindi). Giloy’s stem is considered more effective due to its high biological process and content and consists of several alkaloids and several secondary metabolites to provide treatment in the medical fields. Giloy conjointly gets its name Heart-leaved vine by its un-subdivided leaves and its cerise fruit[57]. This herb activated our body's immune system and increased a person's vitality[58]. Studies have shown that giloy can increase the production of white blood cells and improve their activity, which can help fight off infections and diseases. It has been shown to possess antidiabetic, antioxidant, antihepatotoxic, and immunomodulatory properties [59][60][61]. Giloy is an abundant source of antioxidants, which helps in removing toxins, as blood purifier, fights against bacteria that cause various diseases and combats liver as well as urinary tract infections[62].  Scientific name: Tinospora cordifolia  Family: Menispermaceae  Part used: Stems and Leaves
  • 31. “IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” 2022-2023 R .P. COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, ALNI, DHARASHIV. Page 23 The root and stem of Giloy are prescribed in combination with other drugs as an antidote to snake bite and scorpion sting. It also have anti-neoplastic property and anti- oxidant activity[63]. A large variety of compounds which are responsible for immunomodulatory and cytotoxic effects are 11- hydroxymuskatone, N-methyle-2-pyrrolidone, N- formylannonain, cordifolioside A, magnoflorine, tinocordioside and syringing[64][65].  Extraction of Giloy powder from Stem: • Wash the guduchi or giloy stems, remove the outer husks and cut the stems into smaller pieces of 2-3 inches length. • Mash the stems inside the given quantity of water and allow it to settle overnight for about 10-12 hours. • In the following morning, vigorously macerate the partially mashed giloy stems so as to release the mushy starchy material into the liquid. • Filter the mixture a few times through mesh no.100 (with minute sized pores) to remove any woody hard particles of the stem. • Keep the liquid aside uninterrupted for 4-5 hours so that the filtrate separates from the residue. • Carefully remove the supernatant liquid and collect the starchy sediment onto a tray.
  • 32. “IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” 2022-2023 R .P. COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, ALNI, DHARASHIV. Page 24 5. Turmeric (Curcuma longa) Turmeric root & Powder Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) is a perennial and rhizomatous herb belonging to the Zingiberaceae group and is an important medicinal plant[72]. Curcumin (Curcumin (1,7- bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione)) is a polyphenolic substance with hydrophobic features which is one of the most effective components in turmeric extract[73]. Turmeric, a spice that has long been recognized for its medicinal properties, has received interest from both the medical/scientific world and from culinary enthusiasts, as it is the major source of the polyphenol curcumin[66]Turmeric has been used for centuries in Asia for cooking and as a treatment for various diseases. It is known for its strong antioxidant properties. [67]. Over the past half a century, curcumin has received growing interest in biological, pharmacological, and nutraceutical research[68][69]. Many studies have proved that curcumin also possesses other potential beneficial properties, such as anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, antimetastatic, anti-angiogenic, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, antithrombotic, wound healing, anti-cancer, immunomodulatory,etc properties[70][71].
  • 33. “IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” 2022-2023 R .P. COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, ALNI, DHARASHIV. Page 25  Scientific name: Curcuma longa L  Family: Zingiberaceae  Part used: Root  Extraction of Turmeric Powder From Root: • Wash and dry the turmeric roots thoroughly. • Peel the turmeric roots using a vegetable peeler or a knife. • Cut the turmeric roots into small pieces, about 1-2 inches in length. • Spread the pieces out on a baking sheet and dry them in the sun or in a dehydrator until they are completely dry and brittle. This may take several days. • Once the turmeric pieces are dry, grind them into a fine powder using a spice grinder, food processor, or mortar and pestle. • Sift the powder through a fine mesh strainer to remove any large pieces or lumps. • Store the turmeric powder in an airtight container in a cool, dark place.
  • 34. “IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” 2022-2023 R .P. COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, ALNI, DHARASHIV. Page 26 6. Neem (Azadirachta indica) Neem Leaves & Powder Ayurvedic experts have for centuries promoted neem as ‘nature’s pharmacy’, with each of its parts – leaves, bark, flowers – full of potential health benefits. Used for cleaning teeth, strengthening hair and healing skin wounds, neem has also displayed promise in boosting immunity, and fighting cancer and Covid-19. Neem elaborates a vast array of biologically active compounds that are chemically diverse and structurally complex. More than 140 compounds have been isolated from different parts of neem. It consists of steroids, flavonoids- Stigmasterol, Tetrasulphides, Quercetin, Nimbosterol, Nimbin, Azadirachtin, Meliantriol, Salanin.[74]. Neem helps boost your immune system while cooling down your body internally. It possesses both antibacterial and anti-fungal properties that help keep your skin clean, radiant and healthy. Neem also has blood purifying properties[75][76][77].  Scientific name: Azadirachta indica  Family: Meliaceae  Part used: Root
  • 35. “IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” 2022-2023 R .P. COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, ALNI, DHARASHIV. Page 27 Neem has been used for centuries for various purposes, including dental hygiene, skin disorders, as a tonic, and as a natural insect repellent. In rural India, neem leaves are commonly used as a water decoction for the prevention and treatment of various ailments. [78]. Immunostimulant and immunomodulatory activity of Neem.  Extraction of Neem Powder from Leaves: • Collect fresh neem leaves: Choose healthy and mature neem leaves from a neem tree. Avoid using leaves that have been sprayed with pesticides or chemicals. • Wash the leaves: Rinse the neem leaves thoroughly in clean water to remove any dirt or impurities. • Dry the leaves: Spread the neem leaves out in a single layer on a clean, dry surface. Leave them to dry in the sun for a few days until they are completely dry and brittle. Alternatively, you can dry the leaves in a dehydrator or oven set to a low temperature. • Grind the leaves: Once the neem leaves are completely dry, use a grinder or food processor to grind them into a fine powder. You can also use a mortar and pestle to grind the leaves, but this may take longer. • Store the powder: Store the neem leaf powder in an airtight container in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight. Use the powder as required.
  • 36. “IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” 2022-2023 R .P. COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, ALNI, DHARASHIV. Page 28 7. Shigru (Moringa oleifera) Shigru Leaves, Fruit and Powder. Moringa is truly a miracle plant, and a divine gift for the nourishing and healing of man[79]. In Ayurveda it is extensively used in the treatment of various ailments i.e. visha (poison), Krimi (wormi-cidal), Kustha (skin disorders), Kandu (itching), Vatavyadhi, Ashmari (calculi), Sopha (Inflammation)[80]. M. oleifera acts as an antiviral, diuretic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antibacterial plant[81].The immune-modulatory effects of the Moringa plant could serve as protection or prevention from future infections[82]. The leaves of Shigru are remarkably rich in carotene and ascorbic acid[83]. Moringine, Ben-oil, Spiro chin, Pterygospermin (antibiotic), Amino acids are some chemical constituents[84]. Moringa oleifera leaves have niaziminin B as an immunomodulator[85]. The Moringa oleifera plant has a role in strengthening the immune system. The components that play a role include kaempferol, pterygospermin, morphine, quercetin, and apigenin. Apigenin has the highest activity in fighting SARS-Cov-2- MPro [86].
  • 37. “IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” 2022-2023 R .P. COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, ALNI, DHARASHIV. Page 29  Scientific name: Moringa oleifera  Family: Moringaceae  Part used: Young Leaves  Extraction of Shigru Powder from moringa Leaves: • Harvest fresh moringa leaves from a tree that is at least six months old. • Wash the leaves thoroughly with clean water to remove any dirt or debris. • Spread the leaves out on a clean cloth or paper towel and allow them to air dry completely. This can take several days depending on the humidity levels in your area. • Once the leaves are completely dry, remove the stems and any tough parts of the leaves. • Grind the leaves into a fine powder using a mortar and pestle or a food processor. You can also use a coffee grinder or blender, but make sure to grind the leaves in small batches to avoid overheating the machine. • Store the moringa leaf powder in an airtight container in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight. The powder can be used in various dishes, smoothies or as a supplement.
  • 38. “IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” 2022-2023 R .P. COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, ALNI, DHARASHIV. Page 30 8. Guda (Saccharum officinarum) Guda Powder with Sugercane. Jaggery is known as the "medicinal sugar" and is nutritionally comparable with honey. It has been used as a sweetener in Ayurvedic Medicine for 3000 years. It is a pure, wholesome, unrefined form of sugar which contains the natural goodness of minerals and vitamins produced from sugarcane. Jaggery is used as a healthy sweetener. It is available in solid, liquid and powder form [87]. Jaggery is a type of unrefined sugar, prepared from sugarcane or date juice. Jaggery, has a mineral content of approximately 60 times that of refined white sugar. One teaspoon of jaggery contains approximately 4- 5 mg calcium, 2-3 mg phosphorus, 8 mg magnesium, 48 mg potassium, 0.5 mg iron, as well as trace amounts of zinc, copper, thiamin, riboflavin, and niacin. The corresponding values for white sugar are all essentially zero. Drinking herbal syrup contains jaggery is very beneficial to increase immunity[88]. Jaggery is known as 'medicinal sugar' which is used for pharmaceutical formulations. It improves digestion, helps in cleansing the liver, relieves constipation, boosts energy, purifies the blood, anti-toxic and anti-carcinogenic properties, relives tension, treatment of bronchial or lung infections and pre-menstrual syndrome[89].
  • 39. “IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” 2022-2023 R .P. COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, ALNI, DHARASHIV. Page 31  Scientific name: Saccharum officinarum  Family: Poaceae  Part used: Whole Guda In Ayurveda, Guda is also used as a binder or excipient in herbal tablet manufacturing. Here are some key points about this practice: • Jaggery is a natural sweetener made from sugarcane juice or date palm sap, and is often used as a substitute for sugar in Ayurvedic preparations. • In Ayurvedic tablet manufacturing, jaggery is used as a binding agent to hold together the powdered herbs and form them into tablets. • Jaggery is considered an ideal binder due to its natural adhesive properties and ability to enhance the bioavailability and efficacy of herbal ingredients. • Unlike synthetic binders or excipients, jaggery is a natural substance that is easily metabolized by the body and does not have any harmful side effects.
  • 40. “IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” 2022-2023 R .P. COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, ALNI, DHARASHIV. Page 32 9. Madhu (Apis mellifera) Honey Comb & Honey. Honey known as madhu in ayurvedic scriptures is one of the most important medicines used in ayurveda. The most important ingredient of honey is carbohydrates present in the form of monosaccharides, fructose, glucose and disaccharides, maltose, isomaltose, maltulose, sucrose and turanose and the sweetness of honey is due to presence of these ingredients. It also contains oligosaccharides including the anderose and panose and enzymes including amylase, oxidase peroxide, catalase and acid phosphorylase. Furthermore, honey contains amino acids, trace vitamin B, Vitamin B6, Vitamin C, niacin, folic acid, minerals, iron, zinc and antioxidants[90]. Honey is commonly used as an anti- inflammatory, anti-oxidant and anti-bacterial agent[91]. The health promoting characteristics of bee are mainly due to the presence of multiple metabolites including folic acid, thiamine, biotin, niacin, tocopherol, polyphenols, phytosterols besides enzymes and co-enzymes. The favorable facts on the anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial, anti-fungicidal, hepato-protective.
  • 41. “IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” 2022-2023 R .P. COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, ALNI, DHARASHIV. Page 33 It is also used as a natural preservative and sweetener in many ayurvedic preparations. It is also used as a vehicle along with some medicines to improve its efficacy or to mitigate the side effects of the other medicines it is mixed with[92].  Scientific name: Apis mellifera  Family: Apidae  Part used: Whole Honey
  • 42. “IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” 2022-2023 R .P. COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, ALNI, DHARASHIV. Page 34 ROLE OF THE MATERIALS IN TABLET Sr. No. MATERIALS ROLE 1. Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum Linn) Adaptogen, Antioxidant, Anti- inflammatory, Digestive support, Respiratory support. 2. Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) Immune system support, Stress relief, Supports gut health, Anti- inflammatory, Cardioprotective 3. Amala (Emblica Officinalis) Antioxidant, Immunomodulatory, Hepatoprotective, Neuroprotective. 4. Giloy (Tinospora cordifolia) Anti-allergic, Antioxidant, Anti- inflammatory, Anti-microbial. 5. Turmeric(Curcuma longa) Digestive, Immune system support, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, 6. Neem (Azadirachta indica) Antioxidant, Immunomodulatory, Anti-inflammatory, Anti-microbial. 7. Shigru (Moringa oleifera) Anti inflammatory, antioxidant antifungal, analgesic, immuno modulatory. 8. Guda (Saccharum officinarum) Natural sweetner, Blood purifier, immunity booster, energy booster, respiratory health. 9. Honey(Apis mellifera) Binder, Antibacterial and antifungal 10. Acacia gum (Acacia senegal) Binder, Prebiotic 11. Talc Lubricant
  • 43. “IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” 2022-2023 R .P. COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, ALNI, DHARASHIV. Page 35 FORMULATION DEVELOPEMENT Sr. No. Materials Quantity For 500 Mg 1. Tulsi 100 mg 2. Ashwagandha 100 mg 3. Amala 80 mg 4. Giloy 100 mg 5. Turmeric 45 mg 6. Neem 25 mg 7. Shigru 50 mg 8. Guda Q.S 9. Madhu Q.S 10. Acacia Gum Q.S 11. Talc Q.S
  • 44. “IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” 2022-2023 R .P. COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, ALNI, DHARASHIV. Page 36 PREPARATION OF IMMUNO-VEDA HERBAL TABLET Anagnisadhya Vati is a unique Ayurvedic preparation that is prepared without heat and used to treat digestive disorders. The preparation process involves combining the powders of different ingredients with Guda, adding suggested liquid or honey, and pounding or triturating the mixture to form tablets or Vati. Its use has been documented in traditional Ayurvedic texts and is still widely used today in Ayurvedic medicine practice.  Steps for Preparation Includes: 1. To manufacture herbal tablets using the above ingredients, a formulation would first be developed based on the desired dosage and therapeutic effect. 2. The raw materials would then be sourced, prepared, and mixed in the appropriate ratios. 3. The powders of Tulsi, Ashwagandha, Giloy, and Shigru would be weighed out at 100, 100, 100, and 50 milligrams respectively. 4. Amla and Turmeric would be added at 80 and 45 milligrams, followed by Neem at 25 milligrams. 5. The mixture would be blended thoroughly and Guda and Madhu added in quantities sufficient to achieve the desired consistency. 6. Acacia Gum would be added as a binder, as needed, to ensure the tablets hold together. 7. The final formulation would then be compressed into tablets, using a tablet press. .
  • 45. “IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” 2022-2023 R .P. COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, ALNI, DHARASHIV. Page 37 EVALUATION OF IMMUNO-VEDA HERBAL TABLET 1] Organoleptic Characteristics Organoleptic characteristics are sensory properties of a drug product that are detected by the sense organs, such as color, odor, taste, and appearance. For herbal tablets, these characteristics can vary based on the specific herbs used and the manufacturing process. Overall, the organoleptic characteristics of herbal tablets should be evaluated to ensure that they meet the required specifications and are acceptable for patient use. 2] Friability Test: Tablet requires a certain amount of strength or hardness and resistance to friability to withstand mechanical shakes of handling in manufacture, packaging and shipping. The friability of the tablets was determined using a friabilator in which 10 tablets were weighed and subjected to a controlled series of falling and rotation for 4 minutes at 25 revolutions per minutes(RPM). The tablets were then cleaned to remove dust and fragments, and were weighed again. The friability of a tablet is determined by calculating the percentage weight loss of the tablets after subjecting them to abrasion, impact, and attrition during tumbling. The formula for calculating friability is: Friability = ((W1 - W2)/W1) x 100 Where: W1 = initial weight of the tablet sample W2 = final weight of the tablet sample after tumbling To calculate the friability of a 500mg tablet, the tablet is weighed before and after the tumbling process. The initial weight of the tablets is 510mg and the final weight after tumbling is 502mg.
  • 46. “IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” 2022-2023 R .P. COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, ALNI, DHARASHIV. Page 38 Substituting the values in the above formula, we get: Friability (%) = ((510-502) / 510) x 100 Friability (%) = (12 / 510) x 100 Friability (%) = 1.56% Therefore, the friability of the 500mg tablet is 1.56%. Friability Test Apparatus. 3] Hardness Test: Hardness generally measures the tablet crushing strength. The hardness of a tablet refers to its ability to withstand breaking, chipping, or crumbling under mechanical stress or pressure. It is important to ensure that the tablet has sufficient hardness to withstand handling and transportation. The force is measured in kg and the hardness of about 3-5 kg/cm2 is considered to be satisfactory for uncoated tablets. Hardness of 10 tablets from each formulation is determined by Monsanto hardness tester, Pfizer hardness tester etc.
  • 47. “IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” 2022-2023 R .P. COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, ALNI, DHARASHIV. Page 39 Therefore, the hardness of the 500mg tablet in Monsanto hardness tester is 3.20Kg/cm^2 Monsanto Hardness Tester. 4] Dissolution Test: A single tablet is placed in a small wire mesh basket attached to the bottom of the shaft connected to a variable speed motor. The basket is immersed in a dissolution medium contained in a 100 ml flask. The flask is cylindrical with a hemispherical bottom. The flask is maintained at 37+0,5^C by a constant temperature both. The motor is adjusted to turn at the specified speed and sample of the fluid are withdrawn at intervals to determine the amount of drug in solutions Stirring was at a rate of 50 revolutions per minute, using a Tablet Dissolution test apparatus. Samples (5 mL) of the dissolution medium were removed every 5 minutes and replaced with an equal volume of 0.1M HCL at the same temperature. The absorbance of the removed samples was measured, and the total concentration of drug in each sample was determined using a UV-VIS spectropho-tometer. The amount of drug present in the sample is 500mg. The initial drug content is 506mg (the weight of the tablet)
  • 48. “IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” 2022-2023 R .P. COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, ALNI, DHARASHIV. Page 40 We use the following formula: Percentage Dissolved = (Amount of drug in sample á Initial drug content) x 100 Percentage Dissolved = (500mg á 506mg) x 100 Percentage Dissolved = 98% Therefore, 98% of the drug in the tablet dissolves in 15 minutes under the conditions of the dissolution test. Dissolution Test Apparatus.
  • 49. “IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” 2022-2023 R .P. COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, ALNI, DHARASHIV. Page 41 5] Weight Variation Test: Take 10 tablet and weighed individually Calculate average weight and compare the individual tablet weight to the average. Calculate the % weight variation for each tablet using the following formula: % Weight Variation = ((Individual tablet weight - Average weight) / Average weight) x 100 10 tablets from the batch and weigh them individually. Here are the weights we get: Tablet 1: 498 mg Tablet 2: 500 mg Tablet 3: 505 mg Tablet 4: 492 mg Tablet 5: 506 mg Tablet 6: 498 mg Tablet 7: 503 mg Tablet 8: 501 mg Tablet 9: 494 mg Tablet 10: 499 mg To calculate the average weight, we add up all the weights and divide by 10: Average weight = (498 + 500 + 505 + 492 + 506 + 498 + 503 + 501 + 494 + 499) / 10 = 499.6 mg Now we calculate the % weight variation for each tablet: Tablet 1: ((498 - 499.6) / 499.6) x 100 = -0.32% Tablet 2: ((500 - 499.6) / 499.6) x 100 = 0.08% Tablet 3: ((505 - 499.6) / 499.6) x 100 = 1.08% Tablet 4: ((492 - 499.6) / 499.6) x 100 = -1.52% Tablet 5: ((506 - 499.6) / 499.6) x 100 = 1.28% Tablet 6: ((498 - 499.6) / 499.6) x 100 = -0.32% Tablet 7: ((503 - 499.6) / 499.6) x 100 = 0.68% Tablet 8: ((501 - 499.6) / 499.6) x 100 = 0.28% Tablet 9: ((494 - 499.6) / 499.6) x 100 = -1.12% Tablet 10: ((499 - 499.6) / 499.6) x 100 = -0.12% The tablet with the highest % weight variation is Tablet 3, with a value of 1.08%. Since the maximum allowable % weight variation is Âą5%, and Tablet 3's % weight variation is within this range, the batch passes the weight variation test.
  • 50. “IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” 2022-2023 R .P. COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, ALNI, DHARASHIV. Page 42 RESULT The Immuno-veda Herbal Tablet is formulated and Evaluated . Sr. No. Evaluation Parameters Observation 1. Organoleptic characteristic - a. Colour Yellowish Brown b. Odour Characteristic c. Taste Bitter d. Appearance Rough surface 2. Friability Test 1.08%. 3. Hardness 3.20Kg/cm^2 4. Dissolution Test 98% 5. Weight Variation 499.6 mg Prepared Immuno-veda Herbal Tablet.
  • 51. “IMMUNOVEDA: UNLEASHING THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING POWER OF AN AYURVEDIC HERBAL TABLET” 2022-2023 R .P. COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, ALNI, DHARASHIV. Page 43 CONCLUSION ImmunoVeda Ayurvedic Herbal Tablet is prepared by using various essential natural ingredients like Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum Linn), Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera), Amala (Emblica Officinalis), Giloy (Tinospora cordifolia), Turmeric (Curcuma longa), Neem (Azadirachta indica), Shigru (Moringa oleifera) by ayurvedic Anagnisadhya method which perfectly works as immunity booster. Guda (Saccharum officinarum) is used as Natural sweetner also possess the blood purifying property, Honey (Apis mellifera), and Acacia gum (Acacia senegal) are used as binders. Honey also act as antibacterial and antifungal agent. Talc is used a lubricant. The formulated tablet was also evaluated by various evaluation parameters like organoleptic characteristics, friability test, dissolution test, weight variation test, hardness to ensure the performance and stability of tablet. The tablet accomplish the ideal properties of immunity booster which by consuming will achieve the body requirement of essential components to make immune system works consistently. This tablet is a substitute over a supplement which does not gives a long lasting effect. As the tablet intact with the natural ingredients it works on root cause giving a long lasting benefits.
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