1. EVALUATION
Mr.Upendra Yadav
Associate Professor
Department of Child Health Nursing,
College of Nursing, BPKIHS
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2. Introduction
Health Services have become complex. There has
been a growing concern about their functioning both
in the developed and developing countries.
Questions are raised about the quality of medical
care, utilization and coverage of health services,
benefits to community health in terms of morbidity
and mortality reduction and improvement in the
health status of the recipients of care.
An evaluation study addresses itself to these issues.
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3. Definition
1. Evaluation may be defined as “ a collection of
methods, skills and sensitivities necessary to
determine whether a human service is needed and
likely to be used, whether it is conducted as
planned, and whether the human service actually
does help people in need”.
2. Evaluation of health services is the systematic
process of determining the extent to which an
action or sets of actions were successful in the
achievement of determined objectives.
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4. Definition (Conti..)
3. “Evaluation is the term used to describe the
process of finding out whether what was
expected, desired or aimed at has been
achieved”.
4. Evaluation is a means of helping an individual or a
group to become self-directing.
5. Evaluation is the process of ascertaining or judging
the value of something by careful appraisal.
6. Programme valuation is the process of judging the
effectiveness of the programmes experiences
through careful appraisal.
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5. Definition (Conti..)
7. According to Grans et al, Evaluation is the
process through which progress towards the
realization of the purposes is assed.
8. Simply defined, evaluation is finding out the
value of something.
9. It is a systematic process of determining the
extent to which instructional objectives have been
achieved by the learner.
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6. Principles of Evaluation
Being able to define evaluations not enough.
The instructor needs to know and understand the
application of the principles of evaluation.
John Dewey and EL thomdike started them in
various writing on the modern principals of
evaluation and it is seen to stem from one of the
reports from the eight-year study.
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7. Principles (Conti..)
1. Evaluation should be in terms of the objectives
(the desired outcomes)
2. Evaluation must be in terms of observed worker
behaviour.
3. Evaluation should take into consideration the
behaviour that is appropriate for the stage of
involvement. Which the target has been
achieved.
4. Evaluation should be a continuing process.
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8. Principles (Conti..)
5. Evaluation takes into consideration the stage of
growth and development which the health
authority has reached.
6. Evaluation should include all who participate in
the educational programme.
7. Evaluation should be stimulating force leading to
definite improvement.
8. Evaluation should be in terms of units
appropriate to the behaviour being measured.
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9. Need for evaluation
Every administrator of a large, medium, or small
health institutions has to concern with the efficiency
and effectiveness of health care.
• It involves measurements of adequacy, efficacy,
effectiveness and efficiency of the services being
evaluated.
• It renders the possible reallocation of priority changes
in the assessment of needs, the planning and
implementation of care and management of resources.
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10. Purpose of Evaluation
1. To find out the extent to which the objectives of
a course/ programme have been achieved or
being achieved.
2. To examine if the course contents are relevant
and fulfilling the objectives.
3. To assess the efficacy
4. To study the extent of the participation
5. To assess general atmosphere, placement,
physical arrangements, and duration.
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11. Purpose (Conti..)
6. To see that the instructions are conducted in a manner
consistent with the system as it is planned and
designed.
7. To decide about making necessary changes in the
educational activities of the present and future
courses.
8. To determine the progress a students is making
towards achieving the goals.
9. To help the individual maintain strengths and
eliminate weaknesses.
10. Help the teacher to improve her teaching.
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12. Purpose (Conti..)
11. Determining the worth of the undertaking in
general
12.For clarifying and defining the objectives.
13.Developing more reliable instruments for
evaluation.
14.Motivating the personnel.
15.Providing psychological security for the
students, staff, and community.
16.Providing certification to meet legal
requirements. 12
13. Uses of Programme Evaluation
in Nursing Education
1. To determine the achievement of educational
objectives.
2. Provides basis for further improvement or
modification.
3. Helps to find out the effectiveness of the
programme.
4. Helps to identify the efficiency of the programme.
5. Evaluation of resource availability helps to
overcome the duplication of the programme.
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14. Uses (Conti..)
6. Elicit co-ordination with adjacent department in
implementing the programme.
7. Identify the lack of co-ordination between nursing
education and services aspects, supervision and
guidance in practical area helps to attain effective
knowledge by enhanced patient care.
8. Process evaluation helps to correct the defect
whenever necessary.
9. Increases motivation of the student teacher activities.
10. Provides feedback for further planning in
modification of the programme.
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15. The Process of Evaluation
Steps
The process of evaluation involves the following
steps;
1. Formation of the 0bjectives of educational or
programme.
2. Selection and stating objectives in terms of
behaviour modifications.
3. Imparting learning experiences in accordance with
the objectives.
4. Devising tools of evaluation in accordance with the
objectives and learning experiences. 15
16. Process of Evaluation
(Conti..)
5. Arriving results by using the above tools.
6. Interpretation of the results.
7. Modifications to be suggested.
I. Who are all to be involved?
II. What are the purposes?
III. What is to be evaluated?
IV. How the evaluation to be proceeded?
V. When should evaluation occur?
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17. Evaluate Set goals
Programme
Goals
Determine goal
Measurement
Measures
Identify
goal effect
goal-
Makes activities attaining
Operational activities
Fig: - Evaluation process 17
18. General steps of evaluation
The basic steps involved are as follows:
1.Determine what is to be evaluated.
2.Establish standards and criteria.
3.Plan the methodology to be applied.
4.Gather information.
5.Analyse the results.
6.Take action.
7.Re-evaluate.
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