Running head Qualitative Research Critique and Ethical Considerat.docx

Running head: Qualitative Research Critique and Ethical
Considerations 1
2
Qualitative Research Critique and Ethical Considerations
Salice Acha Njei
Grand Canyon University: (NRS-428VN)
06/16/2020
PICOT Question:
For hospitalized patients age 65 and older (P), does the use of
bed alarms (I), compared to current practice (C), reduce the
number of fall incidents (O), within 4 weeks (T)?
Majkusová et al. (2016) describes a fall as an event that results

in an individual coming to rest inadvertently on the ground,
floor or other lower level. Older people are at a greater risk of
fall and this has significant consequences to their quality of life
and that of their families. With the population of people who
are 65 years and above set to more than double in the next
decade, it is undoubtedly important that risk factors are
established and an effective prevention program established to
mitigate these falls. This way, hospitals are implementing bed
alarms to improve patient safety and quality of care delivery.
Therefore, this discussion will critique these two qualitative
studies that support the proposed evidence-based practice
initiative to support the central question in this research paper
which is “can the use of alarm sensors or bed alarms reduce fall
incidents with the elderly in a hospital setting?”.
Qualitative Studies
According to Majkusová et al. (2016) qualitative study is a
research method conducted in natural settings, and the used data
are words or text, rather than numerical, in order to describe the
experiences that were being studied. There are a variety of
methods of data collection in qualitative research, including
observations, textual or visual analysis (example from books or
videos) and interviews (individual or group).The first
qualitative study is Enema, D. M., Skinner, A. M., Nailon, R.,
Conley, D., High, R., & Jones, K. J. (2019). Patient and system
factors associated with unassisted and injurious falls in
hospitals: an observational study. BMC Geriatrics, 19(1), 1.
Retrieved from:
https://eds-a-ebscohost-
com.lopes.idm.oclc.org/eds/detail/detail?vid=0&sid=bedb2bb0-
ec00-4d86-abcf
092c57247ca2%40sessionmgr4008&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWRzLW
xpdmUmc2NvcGU9c2l0ZQ%3d%3d#AN=140312571&db=edb.
The second one is Majkusová, K., Jarošová, D., Zeleníková, R.,
& Kozáková, R. (2016). Assessing the methodological quality
of clinical guidelines for preventing falls of patients. Central
European Journal of Nursing & Midwifery, 7(4), 549. Retrieved

from:
https://eds-b-ebscohost-
com.lopes.idm.oclc.org/eds/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?vid=0&sid=da
9cb59c-18bc-4aec-899b-72423a431e61%40pdc-v-sessmgr02.
These two qualitative studies support the fact that implementing
bed alarms in hospital settings helps to reduce the number of
falls incidents with the elderly population.
Background of Study
Older people are more susceptible to falls than young people
because of a few factors. These factors may include, however
not limited to; chronic health conditions such as dementia,
hypotension, and heart disease which cause dizziness, poor
vision, muscle weakness, and labyrinthitis. All the factors above
cause a loss of balance, dropping, or a sudden feeling of
unsteadiness, which are all supporters of falls. External factors
that may cause falls among the older people are; recently
polished floors, dim light, rugs or carpets that are not
adequately safeguarded, trying to reach high storage places like
cupboards, tripping on the stairs. The risk of falls additionally
significantly increases with the increase in age.
How these two articles support the nurse practice issue chosen
For hospitals to measure how well they succeed in making
patients safer related to falls, the number and fall-related
injuries in the hospital must reduce to zero. If falls and fall-
related injuries continue to decline, the hospital is
implementing proper measures to mitigate the issue.
Conversely, hospitals formulate new ways and methods to
improve their care delivery standards if the number of falls and
fall-related injuries continues to get worse. According to Enema
et al. (2019), as one gets older, the higher the risk of falling.
Implying that fall-related accidents for hospitalized older
patients continues to increase. Understanding the negative
impacts falls have on the aging population, healthcare facilities
need to improve on quality improvement efforts and patient
safety to reduce falls and fall-related injuries. Therefore, he
posits that hospitals in pursuit of reducing or eliminating falls

need to consider other strategies like installing bed alarms. This
argument is central to my PICOT question. It intends to find out
whether the use of bed alarms compared to existing practice
will reduce the occurrence of fall incidents in hospitalized
patients age 65 and older. Based on the research, it is evident
that the beds' alarms are meant to aid nurses in monitoring their
patients, to be precise, those at risk of falling.
Conversely, the research by Majkusová et al. (2016) was done
by evaluating articles on how to prevent the risk of falling in
older patients employing a methodological quality investigation
with clinical practice guidelines (CPG's). This examination
would be positioned in the seventh level of the evidence
hierarchy because of it being a data reduction, gathering data,
and listing different studies without a test trial or interviewing
individuals. This therefore means, health care providers should
be responsible for creating and maintaining a safety culture to
residents who are at high risk of falling through constant and
communal vigilance. Nurses should reinforce preventive care as
they act as patients advocates in the hospital. This research
source is very crucial to me as it is arguing on similar bases as
to my PICOT question, where I want to find out how hospitals
operate with an implemented fall prevention technology to
reduce the number of falls incidents. Nevertheless, my study
used a different research intervention as compared to both
researchers.
Method of Study
Enema et al. (2019) conducted an observational analysis to
investigate the occurrence of patient falls recorded in Nebraska
hospitals by analyzing 353 reported fall events. The strength of
this article had multiple interventions in fall prevention for the
elderly patients. It is clear, concise, and has ways to support
study without being biased. Nevertheless, as compared to other
studies that researched factors associated with falling in-
assisted and experiencing a fall-related injury, this article used
a small sample size. On the contrary, Majkusová et al. (2016)
planned to survey the methodological quality of chosen CPGs

for preventing the risk of fall in older patients in acute setting
with the AGREE II generic instrument. The article's strength is
having strong evidence of relationships (from the credible
resources and having the information surveyed by four
independent specialists) alongside offering no noteworthy risks
to validity.
Results of Study
The results of the exploration by Enema et al. (2019) direct the
path toward further examination to evaluate the pervasiveness
of alert alarms in every state, alongside related fall rates at a
representative sample of hospital. First, an organized
correspondence structure was required to promote effective fall
prevention alert response. And, second, hospital safety culture
is firmly connected with the adopted technological system.
Implementing a fall prevention program with an assessment tool
and specific guidelines such as bed alarms in the nursing field
will help healthcare professionals decrease inpatient falls.
The research performed by Majkusová et al. (2016) was situated
in Australian medical clinics to survey the methodological
quality of clinical practice guidelines using the AGREE
instrument. It was found that the AGREE instrument is central
strides for their further adjustment – adaptation to various
socio-cultural and hospital settings. The research inferred that
many older adults took risks during the recovery stage to
improve or be well to establish independence at home.
Therefore, healthcare facilities should adopt proper risk
mitigation measures that offer assistance during falls and fall-
related injuries and to discover how a fall is supported. Even
though the use of these alarms does not necessarily mean that
falls will not occur, hospitals must use fall prevention programs
to yield significant results. Nursing leadership can be a driving
force to implement change on an extensive systematic level by
tracking, trending, reporting, and analyzing factors to prevent
further patient harm.
Ethical Considerations
Firstly, researchers acquired approval before conducting their

research. This is a considerable ethical concern that any
researcher should consider before starting any study. Secondly,
researchers effectively cited secondary materials they used in
their research. This is an essential ethical consideration because
it avoids plagiarism in the survey. Secondary sources were
adequately cited by both researchers, which showed they are
acknowledging and giving credit to other researchers. Lastly,
they have supported their findings using a considerable amount
of literature. This means both researchers have played within
the standards highlighted by the University Committee and
greatly supports that implementing bed alarms in hospital
settings reduces fall incidents with the elderly population.
References
Enema, D. M., Skinner, A. M., Nailon, R., Conley, D., High, R.,
& Jones, K. J. (2019). Patient and system factors associated
with unassisted and injurious falls in hospitals: an observational
study. BMC Geriatrics, 19(1), 1. Retrieved from:
ec00-4d86-abcf
xpdmUmc2NvcGU9c2l0ZQ%3d%3d#AN=140312571&db=edb
Majkusová, K., Jarošová, D., Zeleníková, R., & Kozáková, R.
(2016). Assessing the methodological quality of clinical
guidelines for preventing falls of patients. Central European
Journal of Nursing & Midwifery, 7(4), 549. Retrieved from:
9cb59c-18bc-4aec-899b-72423a431e61%40pdc-v-sessmgr02
© 2019. Grand Canyon University. All Rights Reserved.

Submission Ide: 9ff7e971-233e-4a37-8dc1-509858e64eed
20% SIMILARITY SCORE 6 CITATION ITEMS 24
GRAMMAR ISSUES 0 FEEDBACK COMMENT
Internet Source 5%
Institution 15%
Salice Njei
Qualitative Research Critique and Ethical Considerations.docx
Summary
Running head: Qualitative Research Critique and Ethical
Considerations 1
2
Qualitative Research Critique and Ethical Considerations
Salice Acha Njei
Grand Canyon University: (NRS-428VN)
06/16/2020

PICOT Question:
bed alarms (I), compared to
current practice (C), reduce the number of fall incidents (O),
within 4 weeks (T)?
ec00-4d86-abcf
ec00-4d86-abcf
ec00-4d86-abcf
ec00-4d86-abcf

ec00-4d86-abcf
ec00-4d86-abcf
ec00-4d86-abcf
ec00-4d86-abcf
3
. The second one is Majkusová, K., Jarošová, D., Zeleníková,
R., & Kozáková, R. (2016). Assessing the methodological
quality of clinical guidelines for

preventing falls of patients. Central European Journal of
Nursing & Midwifery, 7(4), 549.
Retrieved from:
ec00-
4d86-abcf
xpdmUmc2NvcGU9c2l0ZQ%
3d%3d#AN=140312571&db=edb
. These two qualitative studies support the
fact that implementing bed alarms in hospital settings helps to
reduce the number of falls
incidents with the elderly population.
9cb59c-
18bc-4aec-899b-72423a431e61%40pdc-v-sessmgr02
Background of Study
Older people are more susceptible to falls than young people
because of a few factors.
These factors may include, however not limited to; chronic

health conditions such as dementia,
hypotension, and heart disease which cause dizziness, poor
vision, muscle weakness, and
labyrinthitis. All the factors above cause a loss of balance,
dropping, or a sudden feeling of
unsteadiness, which are all supporters of falls. External factors
that may cause falls among the
older people are; recently polished floors, dim light, rugs or
carpets that are not adequately
safeguarded, trying to reach high storage places like cupboards,
tripping on the stairs. The risk of
-team-
approach-to-fall-prevention/…
-is-data-
collection-in-qualitative-research-1681698…
udent: Submitted to Grand Canyon University

Majkusová et al. (2016) describes a fall as an event that results
in an individual coming to
rest inadvertently on the ground, floor or other lower level.
Older people are at a greater risk of
fall and this has significant consequences to their quality of life
and that of their families. With
the population of people who are 65 years and above set to more
than double in the next decade,
it is undoubtedly important that risk factors are established and
an effective prevention program
established to mitigate these falls. This way, hospitals are
implementing bed alarms to improve
patient safety and quality of care delivery. Therefore, this
discussion will critique these two
qualitative studies that support the proposed evidence-based
practice initiative to support the
central question in this research paper which is “can the use of
alarm sensors or bed alarms
reduce fall incidents with the elderly in a hospital setting?”.

Qualitative Studies
According to Majkusová et al. (2016) qualitative study is a
research method conducted in
natural settings, and the used data are words or text, rather than
numerical, in order to describe
the experiences that were being studied. There are a variety of
methods of data collection in
qualitative research, including observations, textual or visual
analysis (example from books or
videos) and interviews (individual or group).The first
qualitative study is Enema, D. M., Skinner,
A. M., Nailon, R., Conley, D., High, R., & Jones, K. J. (2019).
Patient and system factors
associated with unassisted and injurious falls in hospitals: an
observational study. BMC
Geriatrics, 19(1), 1. Retrieved from:
falls additionally significantly increases with the increase in
age.
How these two articles support the nurse practice issue chosen
For hospitals to measure how well they succeed in making
patients safer related to falls,
the number and fall-related injuries in the hospital must reduce

to zero. If falls and fall-related
4
injuries continue to decline, the hospital is implementing proper
measures to mitigate the issue.
Conversely, hospitals formulate new ways and methods to
improve their care delivery standards
if the number of falls and fall-related injuries continues to get
worse. According to Enema et al.
(2019), as one gets older, the higher the risk of falling.
Implying that fall-related accidents for
hospitalized older patients continues to increase. Understanding
the negative impacts falls have
on the aging population, healthcare facilities need to improve
on quality improvement efforts and
patient safety to reduce falls and fall-related injuries. Therefore,
he posits that hospitals in pursuit
of reducing or eliminating falls need to consider other strategies
like installing bed alarms. This
argument is central to my PICOT question. It intends to find out
whether the use of bed alarms
compared to existing practice will reduce the occurrence of fall
incidents in hospitalized patients
age 65 and older. Based on the research, it is evident that the
beds' alarms are meant to aid nurses

in monitoring their patients, to be precise, those at risk of
falling.
Conversely, the research by Majkusová et al. (2016) was done
by evaluating articles on
how to prevent the risk of falling in older patients employing a
methodological quality
investigation with clinical practice guidelines (CPG's). This
examination would be positioned in
the seventh level of the evidence hierarchy because of it being a
data reduction, gathering data,
and listing different studies without a test trial or interviewing
individuals. This therefore means,
health care providers should be responsible for creating and
maintaining a safety culture to
residents who are at high risk of falling through constant and
communal vigilance. Nurses should
reinforce preventive care as they act as patients advocates in the
hospital. This research source is
very crucial to me as it is arguing on similar bases as to my
PICOT question, where I want to
find out how hospitals operate with an implemented fall
prevention technology to reduce the
5

number of falls incidents. Nevertheless, my study used a
different research intervention as
compared to both researchers.
Method of Study
Enema et al. (2019) conducted an observational analysis to
investigate the occurrence of
patient falls recorded in Nebraska hospitals by analyzing 353
reported fall events. The strength
of this article had multiple interventions in fall prevention for
the elderly patients. It is clear,
concise, and has ways to support study without being biased.
Nevertheless, as compared to other
studies that researched factors associated with falling in-
assisted and experiencing a fall-related
injury, this article used a small sample size. On the contrary,
Majkusová et al. (2016) planned to
survey the methodological quality of chosen CPGs for
preventing the risk of fall in older patients

in acute setting with the AGREE II generic instrument. The
article's strength is having strong
evidence of relationships (from the credible resources and
having the information surveyed by
four independent specialists) alongside offering no noteworthy
risks to validity.
Results of Study
The results of the exploration by Enema et al. (2019) direct the
path toward further
examination to evaluate the pervasiveness of alert alarms in
every state, alongside related fall
rates at a representative sample of hospital. First, an organized
correspondence structure was
required to promote effective fall prevention alert response.
And, second, hospital safety culture
is firmly connected with the adopted technological system.
Implementing a fall prevention
program with an assessment tool and specific guidelines such as
bed alarms in the nursing field
will help healthcare professionals decrease inpatient falls.
The research performed by Majkusová et al. (2016) was situated
in Australian medical
clinics to survey the methodological quality of clinical practice
guidelines using the AGREE

6
instrument. It was found that the AGREE instrument is central
strides for their further adjustment
– adaptation to various socio-cultural and hospital settings. The
research inferred that many older
adults took risks during the recovery stage to improve or be
well to establish independence at
home. Therefore, healthcare facilities should adopt proper risk
mitigation measures that offer
assistance during falls and fall-related injuries and to discover
how a fall is supported. Even
though the use of these alarms does not necessarily mean that
falls will not occur, hospitals must
use fall prevention programs to yield significant results.
Nursing leadership can be a driving
force to implement change on an extensive systematic level by
tracking, trending, reporting, and
analyzing factors to prevent further patient harm.
Firstly, researchers acquired approval before conducting their
research. This is a
considerable ethical concern that any researcher should consider
before starting any study.

Secondly, researchers effectively cited secondary materials they
used in their research. This is an
essential ethical consideration because it avoids plagiarism in
the survey. Secondary sources
were adequately cited by both researchers, which showed they
are acknowledging and giving
credit to other researchers. Lastly, they have supported their
findings using a considerable
amount of literature. This means both researchers have played
within the standards highlighted
by the University Committee and greatly supports that
implementing bed alarms in hospital
settings reduces fall incidents with the elderly population.
Majkusová
-dash.: – —

-cultural
tted to Grand Canyon University
7
References
Enema, D. M., Skinner, A. M., Nailon, R., Conley, D., High, R.,
& Jones, K. J. (2019). Patient
and system factors associated with unassisted and injurious falls
in hospitals: an
observational study. BMC Geriatrics, 19(1), 1. Retrieved from:
ec00-4d86-abcf
xpdmUmc2NvcGU9c2
l0ZQ%3d%3d#AN=140312571&db=edb
Majkusová, K., Jarošová, D., Zeleníková, R., & Kozáková, R.
(2016). Assessing the

methodological quality of clinical guidelines for preventing
falls of patients. Central
European Journal of Nursing & Midwifery, 7(4), 549. Retrieved
from:
9cb59c-18bc-4aec-899b-
72423a431e61%40pdc-v-sessmgr02
Rubic_Print_FormatCourse CodeClass CodeAssignment
TitleTotal PointsNRS-433VNRS-433V-O504Rough Draft
Qualitative Research Critique and Ethical
Considerations200.0CriteriaPercentage1: Unsatisfactory
(0.00%)2: Less Than Satisfactory (75.00%)3: Satisfactory
(83.00%)4: Good (94.00%)5: Excellent
(100.00%)CommentsPoints EarnedContent75.0%Qualitative
Studies5.0%Only one article is presented. Neither of the articles
presented use qualitative research.Two articles are presented.
Of the articles presented, only one article is based on
qualitative research.N/AN/ATwo articles are presented. Both
articles are based on qualitative research.Background of
Study10.0%Background of study, including problem,
significance to nursing, purpose, objective, and research
questions, is incomplete.Background of study, including
problem, significance to nursing, purpose, objective, and
research questions, is included but lacks relevant details and
explanation.Background of study, including problem,

questions, is partially complete and includes some relevant
details and explanation.Background of study, including
problem, significance to nursing, purpose, objective, and
research questions, is complete and includes relevant details and
explanation.Background of study, including problem,
questions, is thorough with substantial relevant details and
extensive explanation.Article Support of Nursing Practice
Issue15.0%Discussion on how articles support the PICOT
question is incomplete.A summary of how articles support the
PICOT question is presented. It is unclear how the articles can
be used to answer the proposed PICOT question. Significant
information and detail are required.A general discussion on how
articles support the PICOT question is presented. The articles
demonstrate general support in answering the proposed PICOT
question. It is unclear how the interventions and comparison
groups in the articles compare to those identified in the PICOT
question. Some rational or information is needed.A discussion
on how articles support the PICOT question is presented. The
articles demonstrate support in answering the proposed PICOT
question. The interventions and comparison groups in the
articles compare to those identified in the PICOT question.
Minor detail or rational is needed for clarity or support.A clear
discussion on how articles support the PICOT question is
presented. The articles demonstrate strong support in answering
the proposed PICOT question. The interventions and
comparison groups in the articles strongly compare to those
identified in the PICOT question.Method of
Study15.0%Discussion on the method of study for each article
is omitted. The comparison of study methods is omitted or
incomplete.A partial summary of the method of study for each
article is presented. The comparison of study methods is
incomplete. A benefit and a limitation of each method are
omitted or incomplete. There are significant inaccuracies.A
general discussion on the method of study for each article is
presented. The comparison of study methods is summarized. A

benefit and a limitation of each method are summarized. There
some inaccuracies or partial omissions. More information is
needed.A discussion on the method of study for each article is
presented. The comparison of study methods is generally
described. A benefit and a limitation of each method are
presented. There minor are inaccuracies. Some detail is required
for accuracy or clarity.A thorough discussion on the method of
study for each article is presented. The comparison of study
methods is described in detail. A benefit and a limitation of
each method are presented. The discussion demonstrates a solid
understanding of research methods.Results of
Study15.0%Discussion of study results, including findings and
implications for nursing practice, is incomplete.A summary of
the study results includes findings and implications for nursing
practice but lacks relevant details and explanation. There are
some omissions or inaccuracies.Discussion of study results,
including findings and implications for nursing practice, is
generally presented. Overall, the discussion includes some
relevant details and explanation.Discussion of study results,
including findings and implications for nursing practice, is
complete and includes relevant details and
explanation.Discussion of study results, including findings and
implications for nursing practice, is thorough with substantial
relevant details and extensive explanation.Ethical
Considerations15.0%Discussion of ethical considerations when
conducting nursing research is incomplete. A discussion on
ethical considerations of the two articles presented in the essay
is incomplete.Discussion of ethical considerations when
conducting nursing research is included but lacks relevant
details and explanation. A discussion on ethical considerations
of the two articles used in the essay is summarized but there are
significant inaccuracies or omissions.Discussion of ethical
considerations when conducting nursing research is partially
complete and includes some relevant details and explanation. A
discussion on ethical considerations of the two articles used in
the essay is discussed but there are some inaccuracies, or some

information is needed.Discussion of ethical considerations when
conducting nursing research is complete and includes relevant
details and explanation. A discussion on ethical considerations
of the two articles used in the essay is presented; some detail in
needed for accuracy or clarity.Discussion of ethical
considerations associated with the conduct of nursing research
is thorough with substantial relevant details and extensive
explanation. A detailed discussion on ethical considerations of
the two articles used in the essay is presented.Organization and
Effectiveness15.0%Thesis Development and Purpose5.0%Paper
lacks any discernible overall purpose or organizing claim.Thesis
is insufficiently developed or vague. Purpose is not clear.Thesis
is apparent and appropriate to purpose.Thesis is clear and
forecasts the development of the paper. Thesis is descriptive
and reflective of the arguments and appropriate to the
purpose.Thesis is comprehensive and contains the essence of the
paper. Thesis statement makes the purpose of the paper
clear.Argument Logic and Construction5.0%Statement of
purpose is not justified by the conclusion. The conclusion does
not support the claim made. Argument is incoherent and uses
noncredible sources.Sufficient justification of claims is lacking.
Argument lacks consistent unity. There are obvious flaws in the
logic. Some sources have questionable credibility.Argument is
orderly, but may have a few inconsistencies. The argument
presents minimal justification of claims. Argument logically,
but not thoroughly, supports the purpose. Sources used are
credible. Introduction and conclusion bracket the
thesis.Argument shows logical progressions. Techniques of
argumentation are evident. There is a smooth progression of
claims from introduction to conclusion. Most sources are
authoritative.Argument is clear and convincing and presents a
persuasive claim in a distinctive and compelling manner. All
sources are authoritative.Mechanics of Writing (includes
spelling, punctuation, grammar, language use)5.0%Surface
errors are pervasive enough that they impede communication of
meaning. Inappropriate word choice or sentence construction is

used.Frequent and repetitive mechanical errors distract the
reader. Inconsistencies in language choice (register), sentence
structure, or word choice are present.Some mechanical errors or
typos are present, but they are not overly distracting to the
reader. Correct sentence structure and audience-appropriate
language are used.Prose is largely free of mechanical errors,
although a few may be present. A variety of sentence structures
and effective figures of speech are used.Writer is clearly in
command of standard, written, academic
English.Format10.0%Paper Format (use of appropriate style for
the major and assignment)5.0%Template is not used
appropriately or documentation format is rarely followed
correctly.Template is used, but some elements are missing or
mistaken; lack of control with formatting is apparent.Template
is used, and formatting is correct, although some minor errors
may be present.Template is fully used; There are virtually no
errors in formatting style.All format elements are
correct.Documentation of Sources (citations, footnotes,
references, bibliography, etc., as appropriate to assignment and
style)5.0%Sources are not documented.Documentation of
sources is inconsistent or incorrect, as appropriate to
assignment and style, with numerous formatting errors.Sources
are documented, as appropriate to assignment and style,
although some formatting errors may be present.Sources are
documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, and format
is mostly correct.Sources are completely and correctly
documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, and format
is free of error.Total Weightage100%
2

Qualitative Research Critique
Name
University, NRS-433V
Date
1
Qualitative Research Critique
xx The first paragraph is always the introduction. No
heading is needed for the introduction because the first
paragraph is presumed to be just that. The introduction should
identify the topic and briefly describe why it is important. The
introduction concludes with a thesis statement. A thesis
statement essentially sets for the reader what to expect in the
discussion. The thesis statement is always a required gradable
content area so be sure to include it at the end of your
introduction. (Ex: This discussion critiques two qualitative

studies that support the proposed evidence-based practice
initiative.)
Qualitative Studies
xx Offer a brief description of what a qualitative study is
and methods of qualitative studies (just identify them, no deep
discussion needed). This paragraph indicates what to expect of
your selected qualitative studies.
Study 1
xx Identify your first qualitative study by presenting it as a
reference in full APA-format (example: Maher, R. L., Hanlon,
J. T., & Hajjar, E. R. (2014). Clinical consequences of
polypharmacy in elderly. Expert Opinion Drug Safety, 13, 1-7.
Retrieved from: …. or doi.). Do not format it as you do in the
references (hanging indented); just type it out in paragraph
form.
Study 2
xx Same as above
Background
Study 1
xx Discuss background of study, including problem,
questions, is thorough with substantial relevant details and
extensive explanation. Provide deep detail here.
Study 2
xx Same
Supportive to PICOT
PICOT
xx State your PICOT here. Notice that below Study 1 and
Study 2 are now third levels headings because PICOT is the
second level heading. Do not change the formatting.
Study 1. xx Discuss how the article supports your PICOT
question. The article demonstrates strong support in answering
the proposed PICOT question. The interventions and
comparison groups in the article strongly compare to those
identified in the PICOT question. Address these points in your
discussion.

Study 2. xx Same
Study Methodology
Study 1
xx Provide a thorough discussion on the method of study for
the article. The comparison of study methods should be
described in detail. A benefit and a limitation of each method
should be presented. The discussion should demonstrate a solid
understanding of research methods. Much of this information
should have been included on your summary table. Remember
to identify the type of qualitative study.
Study 2
xx Same
Results
Study 1
xx Discuss the study results, including findings and
implications for nursing practice; must be thoroughwith
substantial relevant details and extensive explanation.
Study 2
xx Same
Study 1
xx Discuss ethical considerations associated with the conduct of
nursing research; discussion must be thorough with substantial
relevant details and extensive explanation. Was the sample
representative of a vulnerable population? Was IRB approval
obtained? Institutional IRB?
Study 2
xx Same
Conclusion
xx The conclusion bridges back to the thesis statement; it
essentially summarizes the discussion in alignment with what
was predicted in the thesis statement.
References

xx References should be listed alphabetically, double-spaced
and hanging indented.
PICOT Question:
bed alarms (I), compared to current practice (C), reduce the
number of fall incidents (O), within 4 weeks (T)?
(use two Qualitative articles for this paper)
Research Critique Guidelines – Part I
Use this document to organize your essay. Successful
completion of this assignment requires that you provide a
rationale, include examples, and reference content from the
studies in your responses.
Qualitative Studies
Background of Study
1. Summary of studies. Include problem, significance to
nursing, purpose, objective, and research question.
How do these two articles support the nurse practice issue you
chose?
1. Discuss how these two articles will be used to answer your
PICOT question.
2. Describe how the interventions and comparison groups in the
articles compare to those identified in your PICOT question.
Method of Study:
1. State the methods of the two articles you are comparing and
describe how they are different.
2. Consider the methods you identified in your chosen articles
and state one benefit and one limitation of each method.

Results of Study
1. Summarize the key findings of each study in one or two
comprehensive paragraphs.
2. What are the implications of the two studies in nursing
practice?
1. Discuss two ethical consideration in conducting research.
2. Describe how the researchers in the two articles you choose
took these ethical considerations into account while performing
their research.
2

Running head Qualitative Research Critique and Ethical Considerat.docx

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