3. Guiding Questions
● How did European countries involve their colonies in Africa in global
conflicts?
● How did the Great War spark new challenges to European colonial
authority in Africa?
● How did the African colonial economy change in the early 20th century?
9. Guiding Questions
● Who were the “new elite”?
● How did they lead the fight for independence?
● How did African people build their own national identities?
21. Guiding Questions
● Why was France so determined to control Algeria?
● What tactics did the FLN use to fight for and gain independence for
Algeria?
28. Guiding Question
● What challenges did Kenya face in their struggle for independence?
● How did Kenya’s independence movement contrast to Ghana’s
independence movement?
37. Guiding Questions
● How was the struggle for independence and freedom different in South
Africa than in other parts of the continent?
● How and why were racial tensions magnified in South Africa?
40. Guiding Questions
● Why did the National Party institute new laws enforcing apartheid?
● How did the apartheid laws maintain a racial hierarchy in South Africa?
● How did the African National Congress resist white rule and apartheid?
46. Guiding Questions
● How did the National Party and the African National Congress work
together to end apartheid?
● What changes came about with the new constitution?
51. Guiding Questions
● What challenges have post-colonial countries in Africa faced since
independence?
● How has the colonial legacy affected the political and economic
development of African nations?
