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OPEN EDUCATIONAL PRACTICES
@thatpsychprof
Serving SOCIAL JUSTICE &
PEDAGOGICAL INNOVATION with
University Teaching Fellow & Psychology Instructor, Kwantlen Polytechnic University
Open Education Advisor, BCcampus
Associate Editor, Psychology Learning and Teaching
Rajiv Jhangiani, Ph.D.
Emergency services key box by Dennis van Zuijlekom, CC-BY-SA 2.0
Higher education
replicates and reinforces
existing power structures
$20,358.80	- $24,661.30
$20,358.80	- $24,661.30
at	$10.96/hour	(minimum	wage)
=	1,858	- 2,250 hours	
(36	- 43 hours/week)
Source:	Canadian	University	Survey	Consortium,	2015	graduating	university	student	survey
Untitled image by Aleksi Tappura, CC0
Turn Towards Open to Overcome the Control Valve by Alan Levine, CC0
Buy used (if possible)
Resell (if possible)
Buy online
Rent
Shared purchase
(Inter)library loans
Photocopy
International edition
Old edition
– University of Minnesota student
“I figured French hadn't
changed that much”
54% Not	purchase	the	required	textbook
30% Earn	a poor	grade
27% Take	fewer	courses
26% Not	register	for	a	specific	course
17% Drop	or	withdraw	from	a	course
€€€
€€€
€€
€€
€
Jhangiani,	R.	S.,	&	Jhangiani,	S.	(2017).	Investigating	the	perceptions,	use,	and	impact	of	open	textbooks:	A	survey	of	
post-secondary	students	in	British	Columbia. The	International	Review	of	Research	in	Open	and	Distributed	Learning.
1
Revise Remix
Retain Redistribute
Reuse
rijksmuseum.nl
ted.com
ed.ted.com
phet.colorado.edu
gutenberg.org
open.bccampus.ca
Fischer	et	al.	(2015)
• Quasi-experimental	design
• Propensity-score	matched	groups
• 16,727	students	taking	15	courses	at	10	institutions
• OER	students:
– Lower	withdrawal	rates
– More	likely	to	pass	with	a	C- or	better
– Enrolled	in	more	courses	(current	&	subsequent	semesters)
Fischer,	L.,	Hilton,	J.,	Robinson	T.	J.,	&	Wiley,	D.	(2015).	A	multi-institutional	study	of	the	
impact	of	open	textbook	adoption	on	the	learning	outcomes	of	post-secondary	students.	
Journal	of	Computing	in	Higher	Education,	27(3),	159-172. doi:10.1007/s12528-015-9101-x
“Mad” “Glad”
“Sad” “Rad”
Cost
Completing	with	C	or	Better
Commercial
OER
Student	Success	per	Dollar
0 100%
$400
I	would	not	have	bought	the	text	book	for	
this	course	because	it's	an	elective.	I	
would	have	possibly	walked	away	with	a	
C,	now	I	might	actually	get	an	A-
It	is	easily	accessible	and	convenient.	
Material	is	easy	to	understand	and	follow
I	personally	really	like	the	convenience	of	having	the	
complete	set	of	chapters	on	my	computer	and	even	
accessible	from	my	phone	if	I	need	it.	I	like	that	I	don't	
have	to	lug	around	another	text	book
It's	free	and	it's	a	great	money	saver
The Z-Degree
REMOVING TEXTBOOK COSTS AS A
BARRIER TO STUDENT SUCCESS
THROUGH AN OER-BASED CURRICULUM
Decreased	cost	to	
graduate	by	25%
Increased	
pedagogical	flexibility
Commercial	vs.	OER
Hilton et al. (2016)
Zed Cred initiative
Certificate of Arts (30 credits)
Certificate of General Studies (30 credits)
Law Enforcement Studies Diploma (60 credits)
It’s not only about
access to knowledge.
It’s about access to
knowledge
creation.
"France in 2000 year (XXI century). Future school." by Jean Marc Cote is in the Public Domain
…it turns them into ‘containers’ to be ‘filled’ by the teacher. The more
completely she fills the receptacles, the better a teacher she is. The more
meekly the receptacles permit themselves to be filled, the better students
they are.
Education thus becomes the act of depositing, in which the students are
the depositories and the teacher is the depositor.
In the banking concept of education, knowledge is a gift bestowed by
those who consider themselves knowledgeable upon those whom they
consider to know nothing.
Paulo Freire, 1970, Pedagogy of the Oppressed
PM4ID
Why have students
answer questions when
they can write them?
"Open Textbook Summit 2015” by BCcampus_News is licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0
bit.ly/openbookproject
@thatpsychprof
rajiv@kpu.ca
slideshare.net/thatpsychprofWWW

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University of Regina October 2017