1. FREEDOM OF THE
HUMAN PERSON
INTRODUCTION TO THE PHILOSOPHY OF THE HUMAN PERSON
M O D U L E 8
12th grade
2. At the end of this module, I can:
• distinguish between freedom and determinism (enrichment);
• realize that all actions have consequences;
• evaluate and exercise prudence in my choices;
• realize that choices have consequences;
• infer that some things are given up while others are obtained in making
choices; and
• show situations that demonstrate freedom of choice and the consequences of
these choices
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CONTENTS OF THIS TEMPLATE
3. 3
— STEPHEN COVEY
Every human has four endowments - self
awareness, conscience, independent will
and creative imagination. These give us the
ultimate human freedom... The power to
choose, to respond, to change.
4. 01
-inquiry on human exixtence
Nature of
Human Freedom
TABLE OF CONTENTS
02
- It talks about the ideas
opposes to freedom or
free will
Determinism
03 -it talks about why is
choice valuable.
Value of Choices in
Relation to Freedom
04
Talks about the
importance of choice in
decision making
Nature of the
Choices We
Make
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7. WHAT IS EXISTENTIALISM?
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• EXISTENTIALISM - is a philosophical movement known
for its inquiry on human existence.
• opposed to the idea that man has a fixed nature.
• Has consciousness-as being-for –itself
• Martin Heidegger
• Anxiety has no determinate or fixed object.
8. 8
— MARTIN HEIDEGGER
In anxiety, we say, “one feels ill at ease [es ist einem un-heimlich].”
What is “it” that makes “one” feel ill at ease? We cannot say what it is
before which one feels ill at ease. As a whole it is so for him. All things
and we ourselves sink into indifference. This is, however, not in the
sense of mere disappearance. Rather in this very receding things
turn toward us. The receding of beings as a whole that closes in on
us in anxiety oppresses us. We can get no hold on things. In the
slipping away of beings only this “no hold on things” comes over us
and remains. Anxiety reveals the nothing.
9. DETERMINISM: UNDERMINING
FREE CHOICE
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• Determinism – oppose the notion of freedom
• Causal Determinism by Carl Hoefer
• Physical determinism
Example: Helping an old woman carry her bags.
• Notion of punishment and responsibility.
10. VALUE OF CHOICES IN RELATION
TO FREEDOM
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• Freedom involves choices
• Human beings have free will because we are
responsible for our deliberate action
• Without free will we cannot be responsible of our
actions
• Fatalism - states that one is powerless to do anything
than what he or she actually wants to do.
11. VALUE OF CHOICES IN RELATION
TO FREEDOM
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• The act of choosing or the ability to choose is valuable
because it gives the human person the reason to make
deliberate actions out of motives that reveal his or her
autonomy as an agent or as an individual.
12. NATURE OF THE CHOICES WE MAKE
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• Robert Nozick, Philosophical Explanation
- making a choice involves weighing the reasons
and deciding what choice is the best pick
• Theory of values
Intrinsic value – the value it has itself apart from or
independent of its consequences.
instrumental value is the function and measure of
the intrinsic value that it leads to.
13. NATURE OF THE CHOICES WE MAKE
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• Originative value introduces new values to the world. It
may be newly intrinsic values or newly instrumental
values
• The contributory value focuses on the value
contribution that a human action effects.
14. NATURE OF THE CHOICES WE MAKE
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• Originative value introduces new values to the world. It
may be newly intrinsic values or newly instrumental
values
• The contributory value focuses on the value
contribution that a human action effects.
15. TRACKING BESTNESS
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• To track bestness is to take into consideration the act of
choosing: if an act is not best for you, you will not do it; but if it is,
then you will do it.
An action tracks bestness or rightness in the following formula: Person S’s act
(doing it) tracks rightness when:
• Act A is right.
• S intentionally does A.
• If A were not right, S would not intentionally do A.
• If A were right, S would intentionally do A.
16. CREDITS: This presentation template was
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THANKS
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