2. Management Planning Tools
Need For New Tools
In 1976, the Union of Japanese Scientists and
Engineers (JUSE) saw the need for the tools to
promote innovation, communicate information
and successfully plan major projects
3. Affinity Diagram or Affinity Chart Or K-J Method
• It was created in 1960 by Japanese
anthropologist Jiro Kawakita.
• organize a large number of ideas in to there
natural relationships
• This method taps a team creativity and
intuition.
4. When to use
• When the information is completely in
disordered form.
• When the information is creating problems
and confusion.
• When you want to understand something
completely.
• When the issues seems too large and complex
to understand.
• When group opinions are necessary
7. Relation Diagram/Interrelation Diagram
or Network Diagram
• The relation diagram shows the cause-
and-effect relationships.
• The process of creating a relation
diagram helps a group analyze the
natural links between different aspects
of a complex situation
8. When to use
• When trying to understand links between ideas
or cause–and–effect relationships, such as when
trying to identify an area of greatest impact for
improvement.
• When a complex issue is being analyzed for
causes.
• When a complex solution is being implemented.
• After generating an affinity diagram, cause–and–
effect diagram to more completely explore the
relations of ideas.
10. Tree Diagram or Systematic Diagram or
Hierarchy Diagram
• This tool is used to break down broad
categories into finer and finer levels of detail.
• It can map levels of details of tasks that are
required to accomplish a goal or solution or
task.
11. When to use
• When developing actions to carry out a
solution or other plan.
• When analyzing process in detail
• After an affinity diagram and relation diagram
has uncovered the key issues.
• As a communication tools to explain details to
others
13. Matrix Diagram or Matrix Chart
• The matrix diagram shows the relationship
between two, three or four groups of
information.
• It also can give information about the
relationship, such as its strength, the roles
played by various individuals or
measurements.
14. Different Types of Matrix
• L-Shaped Matrix related two groups of items to each other
or one group to itself e.g. A to A or A to B.
• T-Shaped Matrix related three groups of items such that A
to B and B to C where group C and A are not related each
other.
• Y-Shaped Matrix related three groups of items. Each group
relates with each in a circle.
• C-Shaped Matrix relates three groups of items all together
Simultaneously.
• X-Shaped Matrix relates four groups of items. Each group is
related to two others in a circular fashion.
• Roof-shaped Matrix relates one group of items to itself. It is
usually used along with an L – or T–shaped matrix.
16. Process Decision Program Chart
• The PDPC extends the tree diagram a couple of
levels to identify risks and countermeasures for the
bottom level tasks.
• Different shaped boxes are used to highlight risks
and identify possible countermeasures (often shown as
'clouds' to indicate their uncertain nature).
• Using PDPC we can revise the plan to avoid the
problems or be ready for the best response when a
problem occurs.
17. When to use
• Before implementing a plan especially when
the plan is complex and large.
• when plan must be completed on schedule.
19. Activity Network Diagram/Arrow
Diagram or Network Diagram
• The arrow Diagram show the required order
of task in a project or process
• The best schedule for the entire project and
potential scheduling and resource problems
and their solutions.
20. When to use
• When we know the steps of the project or
process, their sequence and how long each
task take time.
• When project schedule is critical, with serious
consequences for completing the project late
or significant advantage to completing the
project early.
