Irish Diaspora Research Paper

Irish Diaspora Research Paper
Irish Diaspora and its Musical Consequences In 1845 Ireland was troubled with the devastating famine known as the Great Potato Famine, which
ended up destroying 75 percent of all their potato crops and starving millions of people (Madding). In order to survive many were forced to move
away in hopes of starting new. Many fled to Scotland, England, South America, Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and theUnited States. The famine
brought many changes to the Irish culture, people, and music as well as to the American culture, people and music.When the people of Ireland
immigrated to America they brought with them the traditions, stories, and music with them, which later influenced many songs and musicians we hear
today. The Irish were the first... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The most traditional and common instruments used in Irish music include the flute, tin whistle, Uillean pipes, bodhran, fiddle, bouzouki, accordion,
and Irish harp (Madding). In the 1920s recordings of Irish musicians were being made in the United States. "These recordings then made their way
to Ireland and had a dramatic effect on the tradition, musicians in Ireland began to speed up the tempo of the tunes"(Mulraney). Piano was also
incorporated with the use of the fiddle and uillean pipes, which was before an unheard of blend. In traditional music of Ireland there is a large theme
of the "immigrant experience"(McKeever). The songs often express fond memories of their homeland, stories behind the choice to emigrate, and a
hope for the future. The music of Ireland showcases the impact of the diaspora. The melodies in Irish music often have the "ability to evoke joy,
sadness, hope, and loss all in a single tune"(McKeever). In "The Green Fields of Americay," a famous Irish song in which the narrator illustrates the
sadness of leaving and the hope for what the new country will bring. At the end he offers a promise to future Irish immigrants, that he will welcome
them with warm embrace when they arrive. This shows the lasting ties Irish immigrants have to their homeland, a connection they try to pass down to
future generations
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

What Role Did England Have Over Ireland During The Time...
What role did England have over Ireland during the time period known as the Great Famine? During this time period millions of people died in
Ireland of starvation and disease. What is still being argued about today is who to blame for the famine; England or Ireland. By looking into the role
England played during the famine we get a closer look as to who is responsible, if anyone. What did the British do and/or not do that made an impact on
Ireland during the Potato Famine? The British policies that implemented in the 1800s caused more destruction during the Potato Famine than the
famine did itself. In 1801 Ireland became subject to British rule after the passing of the Act of Union. While under British rule Ireland was faced with
the British Corn laws of 1815, causing them to sell most of their corn crop to England (Stork). This went on before, and during, the famine, causing the
Irish to gain a strong dependence on the potato. Consequently, the potato became a very popular source of food, especially for pregnant women.It
helped them to gain nutrients throughout their pregnancy and carry their children to full term. This increased the population tremendously and
decreased the infant mortality rate as well. Dwyer and Lindsay point out that "[t]he fungus phytophthora infestans arrived in Ireland in 1845 after
already damaging crops in America, where it first appeared, England, and on the Continent"(188). In 1845 alone, the blight destroyed about one half of
the potato crop in

The Great Ireland Potato Famine Effects Essay
The Great Ireland Potato Famine Effects
The Great Ireland Potato Famine was a horrible event that had many lasting effects. Some of these effects were starvation, disease, poverty, emigration,
and lost traits. These effects plagued mostly western Ireland, but had an overall effect on all of Ireland. Many of the traditional ways of economics and
society changed drastically because of the famine. Many people also blamed the British for letting the famine get so bad. These effects will be
discussed throughout the paper.
Starvation was one of the main effects of the Great Potato Famine, which was "unlike other subsistence crises" (Crawford, 114). The Irish people were
very dependant on potatoes as a source of food. "The majority of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
For this reason, many people died from the diseases. The diseases plagued the crowed towns where the famine was affecting the most, killing off
thousands and thousands of people. A doctor in Skibbereen was quoted to saying that "the people are dying– not in twos or threes– but by the dozens;
the ordinary forms of decent burial dispensed with" (Kinealy 41).
The many deaths of the Irish and how they were buried remind me of the Holocaust and how those people were buried. The dead Irish people were
buried in "famine pits" (Daly 6) where the dead would be buried in "mass graves" (Daly 6). Many of these graves remain unmarked to this day. In
some areas, the sea washes ashore some of the bones of those who died in the famine. The Irish people use this as a reminder of the hard times in the
past.
Many of the people were left with no jobs during the famine. Their main job was farming potatoes and their main source of income was growing
potatoes. Therefore, when the blight came, they had nothing else to turn to and were left with very little money. The fact that the landlords owned
practically everything in Ireland made it difficult for the Irish people to invest in other ways to generate income. This left the Irish people no choice
but to immigrate out to other countries in hope for jobs.
During the rough years of the famine, many people

The Irish Potato Famine
Research Paper: Irish Potato Famine
"Beginning in 1845 and lasting for six years, the potato famine killed over a million men, women and children in Ireland and caused another million to
flee the country" (The History Place–Introduction). During the 1840s many Irish citizens lived in poverty. For food, the Irish relied almost entirely on
potatoes because of their low cost and nutritional value. Then a devastating potato blight began in Europe in 1845 and destroyed the crops every year
until 1851. Due to Ireland's poor government the citizens we not able to recover from the famine quickly.
Before the famine in the mid–1800s, "many English politicians and social reformers began to think that Ireland was a nation in need of transformation,
that it's people now needed to be yanked into the modern world by tossing out the old Gaelic traditions" (The History Place–Before the Famine). The
English reformers wanted to end Ireland's "cycle" of poverty and misfortune because in the "1800s poverty was thought to be caused by bad moral
character" (The History Place– Before the Famine). The English politicians and social reformers also wanted to change the laid–back lifestyle of the
Irish peasants. " They professed the virtues of hard work, thrift and self–reliance and regarded the Irish as totally lacking in these qualities, a point of
view also shared by many British officials and politicians" (The History Place–Before the Famine).
Ireland's population doubled to over 8 million

Ireland Before The Potato Famine
Q7. In the 1840s, Ireland was faced with a terrible trouble, one that would end up affecting the lives many. This moment in Ireland's history would be
known as the Great Famine. This historic event would create a massive shortage of food in Ireland. It would affect everything; for example, some
people would starve to death, others would leave the country. The GreatFamine was known as a hard time in Ireland's history. This obviously affect the
people's food source and it also decreased the population by many, the changes within Ireland were drastic.
Before the Great Famine, Ireland was flourishing with people, life overall was good. That would all take a radical turn, many lives would change due
to the upcoming famine. From 1845 to 1848, it would become known as a turning point in Ireland's history. At this time, a potato famine had erupted
within Ireland. It was caused due to a plant fungus that had ruined almost all of their crop. Of course, the plant fungus had always been a worry, but
there was nothing that could be done about it. If farmers were looking for aiming to treat their fields ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
If many people had not emigrated to other countries, they would have starved to death in Ireland. Before the Great Famine, Ireland had a grand
population of nearly eight million people. Unfortunately, about a million and a half of those people fled Ireland due to the famine. About 18% of
Ireland's population ended up emigrating to different countries. A few examples include, Australia, Canada, Britain, and the United States. About 2.5%
emigrated to Australia, 11.5% emigrated to Canada, 36% emigrated to Britain, and 50% emigrated to the United States. It only continued to grow
worse back in Ireland for the peasants. Many of them had lost their land and fell into large amounts of debt. With the small amounts of food remaining,
wealthy landowners would make large profits off of selling food for outrageous

Irish Famine Essay
Irish Famine (1845–1849), and still remains the most destructive pathogen of solanaceous crops, including tomato and potato. The soya bean root and
stem rot agent, Phytophthora sojae (Anon., 2016e).
e) Macrophomina: It has a very wide host distribution covering most of the tropics and subtropics, extending well into temperate zones (Songa 1995).
f) Fusarium: The fungal pathogen Fusarium oxysporum cause disease to a wide variety of hosts of any age. Tomato, tobacco, legumes, cucurbits, sweet
potatoes and banana are a few of the most susceptible plants to this pathogen.
g) Verticillium: Many economically important plants are susceptible including cotton, tomato,potato, brinjal, pepper and ornamentals.
4.2. Bacteria :
Pseudomonas: ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Colonization of a root occurs at fine scales with growth and movement of fungal mycelia through soil. However, epidemics are observed at coarser
scales and depend on a cascading spread through populations of roots.
5.1. Factors influencing the soil borne plant pathogens :
a) Moisture: Moisture is of utmost importance for pathogenic fungi and bacteria. Rain splash plays an important role in the dispersal of some fungi
and nearly all bacteria, and a period of leaf wetness is necessary for the germination of spores. Propagules germinate in the presence of water and are
dispersed. Because the process of germination and infection takes time, the duration of leaf wetness also affects the occurrence of the infection. The
duration necessary for infection varies with temperature. Usually, a longer period of leaf wetness is needed to establish an infection in cooler
temperatures, as germination and infection are generally accelerated in warmer conditions.
b) Temperature: Temperature affects the incubation or latent period (the time between infection and the appearance of disease symptoms), the
generation time (the time between infection and sporulation), and the infectious period (the time during which the pathogen keeps producing
propagules). The period of leaf wetness and temperature information is being used to predict outbreaks of diseases (infection periods) and can be
helpful in prophylactic

The Irish Potato Famine In Europe
Irish Potato Famine
The Irish potato famine started in 1845 and lasted for 6 years, killed over 1 million men, women , and children.The other million people left the
country. It was caused by a disease among the potatoes called late blight that destroys the leaves and roots. The potato famine was the worst assurance
in Europe.People tried to relieve the famine but they failed even the government. The great hunger started in 1846 a year after the potatoes died.The
hunger caused lots of deaths throughout ireland.Food depots closed and the selling of Indian corn began to get money for the country. The Irish famine
was the worst thing to come to Europe in the 19th century. The farmers had a hard time to provide for themselves and to supply the

What Was The Potato Famine
Was the Potato Famine an accident? It had little to do with the declines in food production. The bad seasons were the cause of the death that happened
during this time. You would think that the main cause of the potato famine would be plant disease, but England's long running political hegemony over
Ireland was a huge factor.
Since the demand for potato's was higher there was a greater need to supply more, and so then everyone started on the frenzy for potato's. When there
was a strain of Phytophthora infestation caused the widespread devastation of potato crops in Ireland and Northern Europe. The system started to fail,
and the demand for food (potato's) became greater, and then the supply of them was not met.
During this time there

The Effects Of The Irish Potato Famine
Ireland was struck by a famine in 1845. It was known as the Irish Potato Famine. Some people also call it "The Great Famine". This disaster became
one of the most terrifying historical events in Ireland's history but the Potato Famine affected not only Ireland but also the whole Britain. This paper
aims to shed light on a historical background of the Irish Potato Famine and its effects on Victorian Britain. The potato famine came into the picture in
1845. First of all, a fungus which is called phythophtora infestans destroyed the potato crops in Ireland. This situation created an awful atmosphere
because most of the population of Ireland was employed as farmers. The livelihood of Irish people was the potato. They needed potato to survive and
maintained their daily life but ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
During the emigration period, there was a rapid growth in the population of Ireland. It reached over 8,500,000 people. It was paradoxical because
there was a famine but population increased in a fast way (Grada 118). As it was mentioned before, there were too many people in Ireland but there
wasn't enough food or work places. People looked for new jobs during the time of the famine. Approximately, three million people were in
desperate situation because they were farmers and their staple food was potato but the nature did not allow doing their job. The famine destroyed
everything they had so they supposed to find new jobs at workhouses and soup kitchens. If they did not find proper place for themselves, they had
to make a decision for their future and that decision was the emigration (Grada 113). It can be referred that Irish society was shocked. They hadn't
come across such a difficult life conditions for years. Their main aim was to seek for a job which kept them alive. They rushed into every options of
working. In other words, they did not want to lose their hope because they wanted to hold on to life. Otherwise, they wouldn't think of

Irish Migration To America
There were many reasons why the Irish migrated to America, but two of the main factors were the escape of poverty and search for freedom.
America was known for its liberty and cheap land, which led to many Irish desiring the migration to America. In Ireland, many were living in
apartments that were overcrowded and lacked proper hygiene, resulting in various diseases and death of numerous people. Food was another culprit,
as the Irish depended on potatoes, but potatoes also became their "rent". As the majority paid with potatoes, this caused farmers to overgrow potatoes
to be able to have enough to sustain their families. This led to low–quality potatoes that became infected with Phytophthora infestation, and many died
as a result. Furthermore,

Events and Impact of Irish Potato Famine Essay
Events and Impact of Irish Potato Famine.
The Irish farming population have been left counting the cost of the potato famine which has crippled their harvest and left many starving to death. The
British government must shoulder the blame after an ineffective, slow and lacklustre effort to support the farmers and improve conditions.
The famine itself started in September 1845 when leaves on potato plants turned black and curled, then rotted, seemingly as a result of fog which had
wafted across the fields. This meant that potatoes then rotted and became inedible.
The potato is the staple food of the Irish peoples' diet, consumed with every meal. It had been known in the past that when potato ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
The Act of Union in 1800 meant that Ireland's economy had been absorbed by Britain and rapid industrialisation meant that Ireland's linen and woollen
industries collapsed. In an 1835 'Poor Enquiry' survey, it was revealed that 75% of labourers in Ireland were without any regular work.
With the threat of starvation looming, Peel made a decision to repeal the long–standing Corn Laws. These laws had been enacted to artificially keep up
the price of British grown grain by imposing heavy taxes and subsidies on imported grain. Before the repeal, large amounts of cheap, foreign grain
needed for Ireland would have been too expensive. English gentry and politicians however reacted with outrage at the prospect of losing their price
protections. These arguments overshadowed the more important situation occurring in Ireland and the consequences of crop failure.
The shaky relief effort soon came under control of a 38–year–old English civil servant named Charles Edward Trevelyan. He was appointed to oversee
the relief effort in Ireland. He was stubborn, self–righteous and made sure all communications were handed directly to him, meaning important
decisions became more and more delayed as his work mounted up. During the entire period of the famine, Trevelyan would visit Ireland once, venturing
no further than

The Causes And Effects Of The Irish Potato Famine
Imagine if your main source of food was snatched away. Envision if you had to leave your home and start a whole new life. The Irish had to do
just this. The potato completely changed Ireland when it was introduced to the country in the late 1500s. The nutritious food supported this country
in more ways than one. But disaster struck in the mid 1800s when the Potato Famine, otherwise known as the Great Hunger, began, causing
millions of Irish to emigrate from their country and start new lives in America. Irish people experienced a huge change as they left their homeland
to escape the starvation and poverty caused by the Potato Famine; changing the lives of the Irish and Americans forever. Before this devastating
time, the Irish had a rich culture, filled with folklore and ancient tradition. Most Irish were Catholic and spoke the Irish Gaelic language. This was
very different from English, the language that the immigrants would have to adapt to in their new home. Also, before the Great Hunger, the potato
was a staple in the diets of all the Irish people. The article "Irish Roots: The Potatoes Role in History Goes Far Beyond the Famine" by George Ball
says, "For the Irish tenant farmers, with barely an acre to cultivate, potatoes produced larger and more reliable yields than grains. The typical Irish
peasant ate from eight to 14 pounds of potatoes each day, providing 80 percent of caloric intake. The potato's broad adoption transformed the Irish.
Nearly the perfect

Chinese Immigration To America
Immigration has always been a topic of controversy (now more than ever). However, many Americans tend to forget their ancestors were all very much
immigrants – most migrating to America in the pre–Civil Wars days such as the Germans, Irish, and Chinese. Immigrants traveled to the United States
for many reasons. The Irish sought after a future in America after a potato famine left many families in great poverty and suffering from starvation.
The German and Chinese also came in search of a better life, to provide for their families, and to chase after the "American Dream." Many Chinese
immigrated to the U.S. due terrible famines in the 1840s, which were caused by a lack of farmland because of overpopulation. Most Chinese
immigrants were poor, hard–working men, who left their families to gain wealth from gold in California in the hopes of returning back to China.
Although these men were very hardworking (so much so that Westerners called them "coolies" from "k'u'li" meaning hard strength), Americans soon
became jealous of their prosperity and picked up the slogan "California for Americans." Taxes were even imposed specifically to aim at the Chinese.
Life was also rough for Chinese women; it was against Chinese tradition... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Fortunately for the Irish, Germans, and Chinese, their livelihoods would leave an impression on American society sparking major political and
military changes. These minorities would eventually gain political and economic power in the nation's major cities, turning America upside down and
forever creating the unique interracial nation, which would become a haven for multitudes of immigrants and refugees to come. The history of the
1800s immigrants will hopefully be a lesson to today's political and civil peoples and serve as a reminder of the hardships our ancestors endured for
the possibility to achieve the "American

Causes Of The Potato Famine
What was the cause of the potato famine. Well Ireland was hit by an airborne fungus that turned the potatoes to mud before they got out of the ground
and rotted them quicker. Potatoes were the main food in Ireland especially for the poor. Without potatoes many died while others immigrated. The potato
famine caused a lot of death, immigration, and also got help from surrounding areas. Many people immigrated , some just sooner than others. "
Between 1845 and 1870 there were at least three million Irish immigrants"(Famine,Irish. The Oxford Company). This shows how devastating and
terrible the famine was to drive three million people out of their own country. "Landlords would first make phony promises of money, food and
clothing, then pack

Personal Narrative: The Great Famine In Ireland
I was born 1835, in Dublin, Ireland; my family and I were a happy family with no care in the world until what is known as "The Great Famine"
destroyed Ireland and its citizens. Ireland began to take a turn for the worse in 1845 when the Irish population became extremely sick of disease and
started starving to death. Our potatoes polluted with bacteria ruining our successful crops and slowly, the citizens of Ireland began to flee. Our friends,
family, and neighbors left to the United States, my parent's friends even tried to convince us to go along, but my father's ignorance got the best of him.
My parents constantly bickered about moving to the United States; my mother wanted to flee and save our family however my father believed that
Ireland

The Influence Of Sir Robert Peel's Reform
He wanted that Peel understand the opportunity he had for change the situation and that he didn't ask money only justice and he was only a
representantive of population. Without use the force only the words, he begged until the extenuation for his pleasures but he didn't sit in the
corresponding place in the Parliament because it was forbidden to the Catholics. That suggested to the prime minister, Duke of Wellington, how the
Home Secretary, Sir Robert Peel, think that the prohibition could cause one big rebellion. With it, O'Conell got this reform was passed and finally his
movement successfully forced the British to pass the Catholic Emancipation Act in 1829, with that, it allowed Roman Catholics become in members of
the British House of

Irish Potato Famine Research Paper
The Irish potato famine was a massive social epidemic that resulted in the deaths of millions of people and started in the late 1840s and continued to
the early 1850s. The crop failures that resulted in the Irish potato famine were caused by a late blight that destroys the leaves and roots of the potato
crop. This epidemic lead to several deaths because almost half the Irish population had come to depend almost exclusively on the potato for their diet.
To this day, theIreland had experienced the worst famine to occur in Europe within the 19th century.
Ireland in the mid–1800s was known to be an agricultural nation towards the rest of the world and was populated by over eight million people. At this
time in history the Irish were recognized ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Due to the state of emergency within the Irish communities, thousands of Irish tenant farmers and labourers were evicted from their lands and were
restricted against plating any other crops. The country fell into an even greater depression from than before while leaving out hundreds of families in
the streets to die from starvation and agony. In allied support, the Ireland federal government providing a wide variety of meats and grains to be
exported. Unfortunately, the British export only went so far due to the millions of people left starving within Ireland.
By the time the famine had come to an end and the farmers were able to restock their potato growth, Ireland's population of almost 8.4 million had
fallen to 6.6 million in the timespan between 1844 to 1851. In result, the clearing of many smallholders from the land and the concentration of
landownership in fewer hands so that they could maintain control over the crops in the future.
Ireland's land was covered mostly by grazing sheep and cattle after the famine to provide animal meats for export to Britain , this allowed importing
more money and different varieties of food products in trade.
This well known crisis still has an affect on modern day population growth today in Ireland. By the time Ireland confirmed total independence in 1921,
its population was split in half from what it had originally been in the early

The Causes And Consequences Of The Great Famine
Food is the most colorful part of the day. With its gastronomic range, the possibilities are endless. Everyone in the world depends on food, whether to
experience that burst of flavor in the mouth or to survive. But when there is a shortage of food, what is to blame? The people who eat and cultivate it?
Or factors outside their control? The Great Famine is an example of this question.
The Great Famine was caused by blight that accidently came from America and affected the potatoes growing inIreland and in turn, affected the Irish.
This was especially hard on the Irish because in 1845, the potato was their main source of food. They had an average of 14 spuds a day so they relied
heavily on them. Potatoes only lasted two to three months so ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The farmers were the first to emigrate via steam boats to England and Scotland. They were the wealthier people but as time passed, the people
emigrating became poorer. 75% were laborers and servants. These kinds of people found it hard to pay for the ride over to America. But it didn't
matter. 1 ВЅ million left Ireland in 1847–1851 for NY. Economic expansion in the US with industrial depression in Ireland increased migration. The
fees to cross the Atlantic Ocean were high and the Parliament regulated it. Adult was single soul and children under 12 were half soul. It was hard
to tell who was what age because of lack of passports. At first when they left, they were jubilant. But there were too many on the ships and it was
like hell on sea. The voyage took about six weeks or three months. There were too few doctors for medical inspection so many that were on the
ships were sick. The sick were sent to St. John as a dumping ground yet they all couldn't be regulated and a plethora died on the ships. Many were so
used to death and inhumane conditions at sea that they didn't care if they were sleeping next to a corpse. "They were without fear or emotion" (BBC,
1995). When people left, it was a "chain migration" (Mulrooney, pg. 21). They emigrated in continuous succession groups of two or more and usually
had a job or relative waiting. The movement depended on the placement of family. They

Irish Famine
The Irish famine of 1845 – 1852 killed 1.1 million people and over 1 million emigrated, in 1841 the population of Ireland was 8.2 million but in 1951 it
had plummeted down to 6.5 million people. The famine caused mass starvation and disease within Ireland, it started when fog that contained
Phytophthora infestans (Potato late blight fungus) began to settle onto potato plants turning them black and letting off a sickening odour. The potatoes
under the ground looked edible but they too rotted away. One month after the potato blight began in Ireland wind had carried the potato blight spores
all the way to London. When this happened the British Prime Minister, Sir Robert Peel quickly founded a Scientific research team to investigate the
potato blight, the research team quickly identified it as 'wet rot'. However the people of Ireland formed their own ideas to why this happened,
Catholics thought it was a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Destructive natural disasters destroy properties, homes and possessions cause people to move to a point of refuge such as a

Essay On Irish Immigration
Just recently, over 4 million immigrants came to the United States from Europe. According to A Library of Congress Book: Immigrants, "By 1890,
New York City alone will have twice as many Irish as Dublin... and as many Germans as Hamburg." Over 75% of the immigrants are from Ireland
and Germany. Now, since it was obviously not a coincidence that 4 million people were added to theUnited States population so quickly, you wonder
what the reasons were behind their large movement. The Irish had the motivation to move when, in the mid–1840s, a potato blight, caused the famine.
The "late blight", which is, according to Britannica.com, a disease of potato and tomato plants that is caused by the water mold, Phytophthora infestans,
that occurs in humid ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They viewed the United States by its offer of greater economic opportunity. They thrived for more freedom from government control and left Germany
to find that. Most of the German immigrants came to mid–western states and became farmers. Those who were not hired as farmers were anything
from tailors to servants to clerks to food merchant at Urban Centers. In my opinion, our country is populated enough and we do not need people
from other countries joining in now. There is a reason that Germans are called Germans, and that Irish are called Irish. It is because of the fact that
"being a German" is because you are from Germany and same with any other country. As long as we are staying in our country, why must others
leave theirs? We are called Americans because we are from America and everyone else gets their title because of their nationality, place of birth, or
simply where the family originated. This could also cause problems for our country with a largely increasing population. If you think about it, you
realize that if our country doesn't change with the new population, folks may have to either build new homes or move in with residents of the area.
People have different ideas but this can seriously cause major issues for our country. I am not sure that the United States would even be considered as
our country

The Fall of the Potato: Causes of the Great Famine Essay
The Fall of the Potato: Causes of the Great Famine
Phythophthora infestans was the lethal fungus that infested Ireland's potato crop and eventually ruined all of the land it grew on. This time is called
the Great Famine and has impacted Ireland due to its destructive extinction of the potato farms which caused disease, extreme poverty, and death.
There are several circumstances to take into consideration when looking at the causes of the Great Potato Famine in Ireland. Due to the great
dependence the Irish people had on the potato, it is clear how blight could devastate a country and its people. To understand the Irish people's
dependence on the potato for diet, income, and a way out of poverty, it is necessary to look at several key ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Loss of parliament caused the Irish people to not trust England and caused a drop in nationalism. Since England was quickly growing industrially,
parliament made no attempt to improve or advance Ireland industrially; therefore causing the people to solely depend on farming which rapidly made
Ireland a poor country.
During the pre–famine period, the Industrial Revolution was in progress, especially in England. However, as England grew industrially strong, Ireland
was lagging behind considerably. Due to lack of natural resources and less industrial advantage, Ireland was forced to concentrate on agriculture (O
Grada 27–28). Although Ireland was an agricultural state, there were some textile mills, cotton, and cottage industries. Yet these manufacturers were
not successful due to the competition of imports from England (O Grada 29). The only way of life that the people know and can depend is farming.
Therefore, the people of Ireland put all their focus on farming even though this source of income was not as dependable and hard to come by because
of lack of good land options caused by inadequate parliamentary laws.
By 1841, the population of Ireland was just over 8,000,000 (Edwards & Williams 4). Before the Act of Union, Ireland was a dedicated Catholic
country, which often played into politics. As a result of Catholic belief, the Irish had high nuptiality and very large families (O Grada 9). After the Act
of Union, Anglican England brought Protestantism

Essay on Ireland Strikes Back
Ireland Strikes Back
A movement was started in Ireland to regain home rule. This movement was started in 1858 by a secret revolutionary society known as the Fenian
Brotherhood. This group was created to help solve the crises of the potato famine, the poor government, and the ongoing problems with the church.
Between the years of 1856 and 1870, the Fenians organized an uprising in Ireland with invasions in British cities and outbreaks in Canada (de Nie). The
goal of this society was to achieve independence from England by using force. This revolution would be successful if certain groups in the society were
strong. The Fenian Brotherhood started a movement that influenced Britain's and the United States' foreign and ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
A generation of Catholic men of modest origins in society, succeeded in gathered a conspiracy to undermine the British rule in Ireland (Garvin 471).
Those who rebelled wanted to conserve the social evils that generated the revolution to survive politically. Living in horrendous stress due to the
economy, the Irish decided to act on their anger. Leaving during the famine 1 million people sought a new and richer life in the United States. While
the economic depression was occurring another 2 million people left to seek this new life. With the mass emigration the culture of Ireland was
deteriorating. James Stephens, the IRB (Irish Republican Brotherhood) leader of the 1860's thought the famine also ruined the hope of an Irish
political revolution. Patrick Pearse was afraid that if the nation died the Irish would turn away from their Gaelic traditions (Garvin 474).
Due to the poor law system, the Irish people weren't pleased with their government and also with the trading system. With the bad economy the Irish
thought that if they separated from Great Britain that they will achieve more as an independent country. The Irish Parliament, through corrupt
practices, kept the British interest to unite Protestants and Catholics against the corrupt legislature. The British saw the inability of the people of
Ireland to govern themselves when the Fenians requested for the Irish to govern themselves. The British Parliament looked down on the

What Caused The Columbian Exchange
Many years ago, the north and south of the world were separated by pangea, creating different ecosystems which caused different evolution in each
place. As the population grew, on each side, many resources were consumed which caused the people to explore further beyond their land. When the
north finally met the south, multitudinous things such as; wheat, barley, rice, turnips, potatoes, horse, goats, and cattle, were traded amongst them to
better their situation. This trading route led to the Columbian Exchange, a period of time that led to great crops, culture, and deterioration at the same
time. The exchanges helped our populations grow and decline through trade.
When Europeans first came to the Americas, old world crops such as barley,... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Between all food and agriculture intake, populations grew. Between technology like the plow and weapons from the Europeans to Native Americans,
made life easier and more obtainable. However with all of the fatal and brutally accidental deaths, the Columbian Exchange will go down as a tragedy
instead of a victory for the sake of the Native Americans. Europe and it's people had it somewhat easier than the Native Americans. Not as many of
Europeans died from diseases brought from Native Americans, and what they traded for what they received, was an advantage for them. They traded
what was easily manufactured and accessible for things they did not have much of like gold and silver, making themselves richer. Native Americans
lived off the land and had a harder time catching and killing animals, rarely big game. Guns, swords, and knives were such a benefit to them, they had
more food for more population. In spite of that, weapons and more game might sound triumphant, but in the end they lost ninety percent of their whole
populations. Native Americans could have undoubtedly survived without those weapons from the Europeans, not wiping out most of their people.
Europeans, advantage five, Native Americans, advantage

Home: Its Meaning and Representation in the novel Brooklyn...
Home: Its Meaning and Representation in the novel Brooklyn In the novel Brooklyn the definition of home is challenged, Toibin compares a home
where there is familial simplicity and ease (Ireland), one with daring heights and chances (Brooklyn, New York) and Irishness. Eve Walsh Stoddard
defines Irishness as "Irish by ancestry, a member of the diaspora"(167). Toibin exemplifies how those two representations of home conflict with Eilis'
"Irishness" of that time period. Personally, I would define home as a place where you are wanted. Eilis was put into diaspora initially because of the
lack of career opportunities in Ireland. She had to immigrate to Brooklyn, New York, in search of greener pastures. Eilis was moved to this with the...
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She was lost so much in the memory of this dream that the waiter asked her if she was alright", "the picture she had of home, her own room, the
house in Friary street, the food she had eaten there, the clothes she wore....". (Toibin 71, 69). Eilis hardly ever reminisces or longs for home as the
people who are there, she only reminisces about the material things, like her clothes, the scenery, and the food etc. Even when she was to leave for
the second time, the only things she mentions she will miss "the rooms of the house once more familiar and warm and comforting..."(Toibin 241), she
hardly mentions her mother, or anyone else in particular. Toibin represents home here as a geographic location, set of material things that are familiar
and have a natural easiness. Igwenagu 3 When Eilis moves to Brooklyn, New York, Toibin changes his representation of home, in Brooklyn Eilis'
home is delineated as a place with challenges and an opportunity to grow. A place that allows for expansion and development of her self. Although
Enniscorthy offered her a homely and familiar feel, it posed no opportunities for a budding young woman "but she knew also that there was, at least for
the moment, no work for anyone in Enniscorthy, no matter their qualifications."(Toibin 12). Enniscorthy was too small for Eilis, she had wings but the
winds in Enniscorthy wouldn't have been enough for her to reach the horizon of her potential. Eilis wanted

British's Government's Intervention during the Great Irish...
The Great Irish Famine happened during the mid–19th century, and was caused by potato blight, which hit Ireland in 1845 (Grada, "Ireland's Great
Famine" 43). It destroyed a big portion of crops so it became "lethal" due to the fact that Ireland was very dependent on potatoes in their everyday
meals (Grada, "Ireland's Great Famine" 43). This led to a scarce amount of food and many died from starvation, or other diseases that resulted from the
famine (Grada, "Ireland's Great Famine" 51). In the 1800s, Ireland had already lost their own parliament, so "all legislative and executive power was
therefore centralized at Westminster," which meant the UK parliament of the British government was responsible for Irish relief in their time of need,...
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The British government opened soup kitchens to "distribute free food" (Kinealy, Death–Dealing Famine 9). She stated that this intervention directly
addressed the problem of starvation, and many people, over three million, were fed on a daily basis (Kinealy, Death–Dealing Famine 9). Although the
soup kitchens did provide free food, the government was unable to sustain that aid, because it only lasted for a very brief period of time (Kinealy,
Death–Dealing Famine 9). Therefore, the aid did not last long enough for it to be considered an improvement on social conditions in Ireland. Also,
we must consider that the government stopped previous relief works before they opened the soup kitchens. According to Mary E. Daly, relief works
were closed in March, and soup kitchens were opened in May (Daly 133). In that gap, many people suffered and died from starvation, since they lacked
any relief from the government (Ferriter 15). This government intervention was poorly planned and did not improve the social conditions in Ireland.
Although the soup kitchens did eventually feed a large amount of people, it must be taken into account the just as great amount of people that died, due
to the lack in planning on the government's part, by terminating relief projects before instating another. In addition, the food provided by the soup
kitchen were of "low nutritional value" (Kinealy, Death–Dealing Famine 9).

Research Paper On The Great Potato Famine
In 1845, Ireland went through one of the worst time periods in the history of Ireland, known as the "Great Potato Famine". Because people in Ireland
relied so much on potatoes, a crop failure due to a late blight started the six year famine. This famine was disastrous for the people in Ireland causing
more than 25% of the population to emigrate or die. By 1852, the famine finally died down because the potato recovering and there was a lot less
people to feed. Overall, the famine was disastrous period of time for Ireland.
The people of Ireland at the time, relied heavily on the potato crop. Around 1945 a late blight called Phytophthora Infestans wreaked havoc on this crop,
the disease destroyed its leaves and edible roots. This disease also

Irish In America Essay
To some, the term Irish Americans represents a group who can be found among many other ethnic groups in the United States; however to those
members who are Irish–Americans, it shows a group who endured through slavery, torture, starvation, and blood and tears under the control of the
British Parliament. This all happened in the 1700s when Poyning's Law was passed, which allowed British parliament to gain full control on Ireland,
separating themselves from England to gain more money. Despite the immense monarchial power of the British, the Irish also faced many natural
disasters that became a huge factor for their departure to the United States. Ireland was a place similar to a prison cell for the Irish. Under the control
of Britain, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The only motive for Britain was to do everything in their power to drive away Irish and Catholics from Ireland and these laws were a great start.
The Potato first originated in Peru, and then it was introduced to Ireland in the late sixteenth century. Ever since then it has become a part of an
Irish diet. An "average adult male consumed twelve to fourteen pounds of potatoes each day, with women and older children consuming as much as
eleven pounds, and children under ten around five pounds." (Dolan, 69) This was their only food supply, fishing never worked out due to poor boats
and equipment. Potatoes became very successful for the Irish during the early 1800's. "The Napoleonic wars agricultural prices were on the rise as
the demand for food increased." (Dolan, 35) However, through small famines the prices began falling and so did productivity. Due to the lack of
productivity and prices dropping, land owners with farms had to evict their tenants, and resort to using cattle. "As many as fifty thousand families, an
estimated 250,000 people, were permanently evicted from their

Great Potato Famine Essay
The Irish Potato Famine occurred in 1845 and had killed tons of people. Over 750,000 people had died and more than a million had emigrated. At the
time Ireland's population was only about 8 million so this famine had devastated many families. The people of Ireland at this time were so dependent
upon the potato that it was a main staple. The Irish would consume the potato with almost every meal, and for some the potato was the only food that
they were ever able to eat. The famine was produced by a protist called Phytophthora infestans (P. Infestans), when it was introduced from central
highlands of Mexico. The potato blight originated from Mexico, and then spread to America. Since Britain andIreland did many trades with America
there ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
When the winters were harsher in the 1700s the Irish would use them for food in the winter, when all other sources of food were scarce. Thanks to
Ireland's weather conditions the potato was very easily grown and could be produced in mass amounts. By the end of the 1800s the potato was a
main staple for the Irish and they would eat the potato as part of their daily lives. Eventually, the poor people of Ireland would rely on the potato as
their only food source. The land consolidation laws forced the farmers to grow potatoes in a tightly packed space, as you don't need much room to
grow potatoes. A lot of potatoes good fit in one acre of land and could feed a family for a long time. Since, the potatoes were all grown in one
confined space the P. Infestans had a very easy time spreading to each potato, thus resulting in P. Infestans spreading to different fields. "The pattern
of consolidation, making larger farms from smaller farms, increased competition for land and pressure to acquire land." (p. p12.nysed.gov) Land
consolidation was making the most effective use of space for a farm. So instead of growing the potatoes properly spaced apart, they would be all
jammed together in tighter rows. Also, not much land was available so the land that was available was fought over my English landlords. This led to
much political debate in Ireland at the time, so instead of the politicians contributing

Willa Cather 's My Antonia And O
Both Willa Cather's My ГЃntonia and O. E. RГ¶lvaag's Giants in the Earth portray the difficulties of everyday life in unexplored territory, with similar
themes and context. Although the overarching themes of both novels are similar, the manner in which characters behave with each other, the
dependency families have on each other, and the ability of individuals to mitigate conflict is different. Both My ГЃntonia and Giants in the Earth
portray an array of sources causing conflict in relationships. However, they differ in the motivations of characters and intent of individual action. Both
novels give unique perspectives of immigration, demonstrating how integral relationships are to survival, but also portraying how individual interests
can... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Instead of attempting to resolve the conflict, viewing the Shimerdas' as foreign and distant provides a perspective that justifies violence. This is
demonstrated as "[Jake] landed Ambrosch a blow on the head" (83). Jake is able to justify the violence to himself, because the wrongdoing of
Ambrosch is amplified by nativism.
Giants in the Earth conveys a greater sense of difference––a racialized depiction between "us" and "them" with a frenzied panic from Per Hansa's family
accompanying the appearance of Indians. Fear of Indian's was common among settlers, who told stories of great massacres and atrocities committed
by tribes. When Indians approach, Per Hansa and neighboring settlers are indignant, stating that "there isn't any doubt" the land they inhabit is theirs
fearing the Indians may steal it or attack his family (RГ¶lvaag 73). Perception of Indians uncivilized and barbaric contribute to their fear, as they
"watched with anxious attention the Indian band as it crept up the slope of the hill towards the crest" (68). Per Hansa creates greater distinction as
he "drew such ghastly pictures to Sam of the cruelty with which the Indians would probably treat the cows", bowing to racialized assumptions that
Indians are savage (69). When he remarks that "I guess we'll have to be satisfied with a scalp or two", he recognizes that scalping is "the most
dreadful thing in the world" (71). His recognition of the atrocity only worsens his actions, as he deems scalping

The Cause Of The Great Potato Famine
It's 1845 and our country, Ireland, is in extreme poverty and starvation. This is getting called on the streets the Great Famine or Potato Famine. Our
crops are dying due to a disease that has been spreading through our fields. The cause of this disease is Phytophthora infestans or, as it more widely
known, the potato blight. This is a fungus that originated from the highlands of central Mexico. It can infect all the potato crops in a field over the
course of 3 days, which can cause losses that can be as high as 100%. The famine has left a devastating impact on our island. People are dying and
fleeing the country. Our population is decreasing at a rapid pace and we're losing hope, but we can't let that happen. There are a few options left

Essay On German And Irish Immigration
In the early 1800s the German and Irish were suffering from unemployment, famine, civil unrest and many other hardships. Through these hardships,
not having food or jobs they decided to congregate in an area that could provide this for them. From 1820 to 1870 hundreds of thousands of German
and Irish immigrants ended up emigrating to the United States in search of jobs and opportunities. Burgeoning companies took in anyone that was
looking for a job, the immigrants would end up taking almost every labor enduring job in the country. The immigration of the German and Irish
immigrants would end up affecting and changing many American lives. In Ireland about a half of the population were living on farms and since they
were poor most of them were dependent on potatoes for food. When the crop soon failed after three years of success and it led to a massive famine
throughout their nation, killing thousands of people. The Irish had to get out of their poor and suffering country and decided to ... Show more content on
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A big part of this opposition was from jobs, when it came to the American people and the new immigrants. Most of the time the American workers
would be replaced or threatened in their position of work and if they were replaced, they were replaced with immigrants because the immigrants were
willing to work for next to nothing in order to survive. Another big part of opposition against the immigrants was through the immigrant's religious
beliefs. Many of the Irish and German immigrants were Roman Catholic. This caused anti–catholic rioting throughout most of the Northern cities and
the largest anti–catholic riot occurred in Philadelphia in 1844 during a period of economic depression. These riots resulted in dozens of people being
injured, 16 people killed and over 40 buildings were

Ireland Starves and Lives to Tell: The Effects of the...
Ireland Starves and Lives to Tell: The Effects of the Great Potato Famine
"It must be understood that we cannot feed the people" (Kinealy Calamity 75). The mid 1800s in Ireland were characterized by extreme poverty,
death, and emigration. The Great Potato Famine, also known as "The Great Hunger," first hit in 1845; however, its effects lasted into the 1850s and
can still be seen today. Prior to the famine, Irish manufacture and trade was controlled and suppressed by British government, which made Ireland an
extremely poor country. Farmers in Ireland were forced to export crops such as corn, wheat, and oats to Britain, which left the potato as the main
dietary staple for the people, especially the poor. Therefore, when... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
However, in 1847, a new rule called the "Quarter Acre Clause" was passed under the poor law which stated that "only people who occupied less than a
quarter acre of land were now eligible for relief" (Kinealy "Politics" 3). In order to receive assistance and feed their families, people surrendered their
land and were rendered homeless.
The total number of those who lost their homes due to poverty in Ireland during the famine did not even compare to the amount of lives lost in those
dreadful years. Deaths due to malnutrition and disease were immense. The exact total of deaths is still unknown to this day (Kinealy 167). "The
number [ . . . ] has been calculated as lying between half a million and one and a half million" (Kinealy 168).
People died from a variety of causes, relatively few from actual starvation. Most were felled by relapsing fever, typhus, dysentery, and cholera–their
vulnerability to these diseases exacerbated by hunger, inadequate shelter, overcrowding in workhouses, and hard labor on relief schemes (Kinealy
"Politics" 2).
Over the years of the famine there was a large decrease in fertility and marriage along with extensive emigration, which caused a decline in the Irish
population for many years to come. "A reduction in income leads young adults to postpone or forgo marriage entirely,

The Irish Potato Famine : Causes And Pos In Ireland
Beginning in 1532 the Spanish conquistadors came across the potato in search of gold. "At the time the Spaniards failed to realize that the potato
represented a far more important treasure than either silver or gold, but they did gradually begin to use potatoes as basic rations aboard their
ship"(Chapman). From then on, the expansion of potatoes grew, slowing spreading to other European countries such as Spain, Italy and Ireland.
Especially in Ireland, often potato has been the only food and many Irish survived on those and milk alone. "What the eight million people who lived
in Ireland at the time did not realize was that the potato crops would fail for the next four years and that the disaster would lead to the deaths and the
emigration of millions of its people to strange, foreign and distant lands" ("The Great Famine"). From 1845 to 1849, the Irish potato famine affected
many people and crops, creating the greatest disaster in Irish history. With the introduction of the potato, the people of Ireland were doing well as
far as survival. Potatoes were very easy to grow and the yield was very good. A farmer could grow triple the amount of potatoes compared to grain
on the same area of land. With potatoes being a good source of nutrition, about half of Ireland's population easily survived primarily on potatoes. They
were critical to the development of the peasant farmers, supporting a cheap workforce, but at the price of lower income workers. Then when the blight
hit in

The Irish Famine 1845-1849 Essay
The Irish Famine 1845–1849
"Is ar scГЎth a chiГ©le a maireann na daoine"
"It is with each other's protection that the people live"
From the Fifteenth through to the Nineteenth centuries English Monarchies and Governments had consistently enacted laws which it seems were
designed to oppress the Irish and suppress and destroy Irish Trade and manufacturing. In the Penal laws of 1695 which aimed to destroy Catholicism,
Catholics were forbidden from practicing their religion, receiving education, entering a profession, or purchasing or leasing land; since Catholics
formed eighty percent of the Irish population, this effectively deprived the Irish of any part in civil life in their own country. ... Show more content on
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Advocates of Bentham had influenced the political attitudes of a generation. They had a natural distrust of the idea of state aid, which they believed
would create what would later be called a dependency culture, and lead to national bankruptcy. They did not feel it was right to put money into
relieving the plight of the British poor, so they were even more opposed to intervening for the benefit of the Irish poor, whom most of the British felt
were inferior and were rightly kept in their place by the Free trade policy.
In 1801 the Irish Constitution was annulled in the Act of Union, and by the 1820's eighty percent of Irish land was owned by British or Scottish land
owners, who were often absentee landlords. One quarter of Irish land was unused but unavailable for farming by the Irish. The Woollen, Poplin, Linen
and Furniture and Glass industries disappeared. Fishing was reduced due to a lack of capital for boats and storage; "Free trade" caused sixty percent
unemployment. In 1829 The Duke of Wellington wrote
"There never was a country in which poverty existed to the extent it exists in Ireland."
In the summer of 1845 a potato disease struck Ireland. A fungus Photophthora Infestans turned the potato harvest into decaying blackish masses of
rottenness, unfit for human or animal consumption.
Potato diseases had

The Great Hunger And The Irish Potato Famine
Intro– The Great Hunger, Great Famine, the dreaded calamity, or if your outside of Ireland the Irish Potato Famine. Occurring between 1847–1852, the
famine claimed the lives of around one million people and caused millions to flee Ireland, in order to escape the bleak situation it was. Today I will be
giving some background of life in Ireland before the famine started of the average citizen, I will briefly discuss the pathogen that killed the potato crop,
the government response to the famine, the overall consequences and reactions of the Irish people, and finally I will discuss the ethical dilemmas that
the famine raise.
Slide one– Land Ownership– Starting off I would like to explain what life was like for the average Irish citizen in the mid–19th century. Most people
were tenant agriculture farmers who worked for landlords, who owned vast estates, but a great deal of them didn't, in fact, live in Ireland, which lead
to them being commonly referred to as "absentee landlords." The landlords allotted workers small plots of land to grow their own food in exchange
for working the land growing grain cash crops. In order to sustain a high–calorie diet for themselves and their families, most of these tenant farmers
grew potatoes. This was primarily due to the fact you get a lot of bang for your buck from potatoes as they yielded quite a bit of calories per acre.
Outside of what the tenants ate, Ireland produced quite a bit of food but this was mostly exported to England where

Jonathan Swift Comparison
Aldous Huxley and Jonathan Swift both have a different way of bringing society's attention to the real problems of the world. Both authors utilize the
"New Historicism" lense as an influence to each of their pieces of literature. From 1729 to 1932, there were plenty of historical conflicts that could
help each author make society want to change the current problems that they were facing. In 1932, Huxley satirizes the sexual freedom and moral
decay of the
Roaring 20s in Brave New World. In 1729, Swift satirizes the rising problem of overpopulation inIreland in his short story, "A Modest Proposal". Over
population resulted in a great famine and it affected most of the people living in Ireland. A popular theory about overpopulation by
Thomas Malthus influenced Swift's short story and Huxley might have used it to contribute to his novel.
In Brave New World, there were many historical commonalities that could have potentially inspired Huxley. Huxley wrote Brave New World
following the Roaring 20s and during this time period, jazz music was making its debut and people viewed it as sexual music.
Although Huxley was very cautious and often chose to stay away from ideologies, he used Brave
New World to satirize how the citizens threw out relationships and exchanged them for sex.
Characters forgot their morals and viewed sex as recreational instead of reproductive. Jazz music was very influential and one very vital instrument to
jazz music is the saxophone. In Brave New
Reaves 2

A Modest Proposal
During the late 1800s Ireland and its people went through a very rough time. Not only did they struggle economically, but also the food that they
depended on was scarce. Later you will be able to read a more in depth description of the situation of the country. On the other hand, at the same time, a
famous Irish writer called Jonathan Swift wrote an essay called "A Modest Proposal". In this essay he proposed a possible solution to the problem
Ireland was going through. At the end of his work he said he was open to other suggestions for a better solution to the problem. Today we give
different alternatives for the solution of Ireland's situation. Also, we highlight the advantages that each proposal we offer will give Ireland and the
world. Let ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It all started when the potato arrived to Ireland and it thrived so much it helped double the Irish population from four million to eight million. By 1840
the vast majority of Ireland depended on potato for its nourishment, but the dependency on this crop was a double–edge weapon for the Irish. In 1945,
blight, a water mold that destroys the leaves and edible root of the potato plant, arrived in Ireland from the cargo holds of ships. This disease
quickly spread to the potato fields and the crops failed for a few years. The event was the worst to happen in all Europe during the 19th century. The
same year the blight arrived; about one third of the crops was lost and in the two following years about Вѕ of the crops was lost. The ones who
suffered the most with the situation were the small farmers. In addition, people were starving and became more susceptible to typhus, dysentery and
cholera. These diseases were a major factor for the reduction of the population. On the other hand, the British government kept raising and
implementing new taxes that didn't help the economic situation. Finally, by 1848 the famine was over. However, the effects lasted for years. During
the famine 1.5 million people died and over 1 million left the country searching for a stable place to get established. Eventually, in 1911 Ireland's
population was decreased back to 4 million. If you visit the country today you will come across many memorials to the victims of the

Potato Famine In Ireland In The 1800's
In the early 1800's, Ireland was primarily rural. Most farmers worked on rented land from wealthy landlords. All of the corn and crops that they raise
go to the landlords which are later exported to England. Potatoes are the main food of the impoverished Irish farmers who grew potatoes and other
grains. The potato originated in South America but wasn't brought to Ireland until later in the 16 century. Potatoes were so loved that they replaced
barley and oats that poor people previously ate. This was really devastating because barley and oats were among the few things that poor people
could afford. Poor people might have been able to get at least three potatoes every week. By the mid 1800's, a fungus infected the potato crop. Plants
became black

Irish Immigrants Coming To America
Immigrants from Ireland were driven to the United States due to the Great Famine of 1845–1850. Many people were almost completely dependent on
potatoes, an easy–to–raise crop, due to Britain's change of religion. These potatoes then fell victim to the unknown disease that left many families
starving, and people dead. Families saved money for several winters to be able to send even one person to the United States, although they would only
be able to arrive if they managed to survive the unsanitary and unsafe journey over. After arriving, many Irish immigrants began working in factories,
or took jobs in the households of native–born families – then sent money back to Ireland to feed their suffering families, or to pay for another family
member

Irish Diaspora Research Paper

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