GATHER INFORMATION AND SHINE IN FUTURE

1. PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY OF
MANGOSTEEN
PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY OF
MANGOSTEEN

8. PEST AND DISEASES
PESTS
Fruitborers
Conopomorpha sinensis Bradley, known as the
lychee stem-end borer in China and the lychee fruit
borer in Thailand, is the major pest in most seasons.
This pest was previously recorded as Acrocercops
cramerella

9. Leaf rollers
Olethreutes perdulata Meyr is an occasional pest in
Queensland.
Platypeplus aprobola (Meyrick) has also been
recorded in Australia, China and India. Adoxophyes
cyrtosema Meyr.

10. Beetle borers
The longicorn beetle, Aristobia testudo (Voet), is a
serious pest of lychee and longan in Guangdong
(Zhang, 1997).
The beetle has one generation per year, with adults
emerging from June to August.

11. Scarab beetles
The elephant beetle, Xylotrupes gideon (Linnaeus), is
important in all areas of Australia.
The larvae develop in the soil or mulch where they
feed on plant roots and humus.

12. DISEASES
Brown blight
Brown blight, Peronophythora litchi, is a major
disease in both lychee and longan in China and
Thailand, although more important in the former.
It is also reported to affect lychee in India.

13. Anthracnose
Anthracnose, Colletotrichum gloeosporoides, is a
major disease in Guangdong, and also occurs in
India.
Although it attacks leaves and branches, along with
flowers and flower stalks, infected fruit are
unmarketable.

14. Tree decline
A slow decline and a sudden death have been
recorded in China, Viet Nam and Australia,
especially in poorly drained soils.
It can affect the whole tree or just one or two
branches.

15. Propagation
Technically, the so-called "seeds" are not true seeds
but adventitious embryos, or hypocotyls tubercles,
inasmuch as there has been no sexual fertilization.
When growth begins, a shoot emerges from one
end of the seed and a root from the other end.
But this root is short-lived and is replaced by roots
which develop at the base of the shoot.

16. SeasonandHarvesting
• At low altitudes in Ceylon the fruit ripens from May
to July; at higher elevations, in July and August or
August and September.
• In India, there are 2 distinct fruiting seasons, one in
the monsoon period (July-October) and another
from April through June.

17. Keeping Quality
• In dry, warm, closed storage, mangosteens can be
held 20 to 25 days.
• Longer periods cause the outer skin to toughen and
the rind to become rubbery; later, the rind hardens
and becomes difficult to open and the flesh turns
dry.

18. Other Uses
• Mangosteen twigs are used as chew sticks in
Ghana. The fruit rind contains 7 to 14% catechin
tannin and rosin, and is used for tanning leather in
China. It also yields a Black dye

19. • Wood: In Thailand, all non-bearing trees are felled,
so the wood is available but usually only in small
dimensions. It is dark-brown, heavy, almost sinks in
water, and is moderately durable.
• It has been used to make handles for spears, also
rice pounders, and is employed in construction and
cabinetwork.

20. • Medicinal Uses: Dried fruits are shipped from
Singapore to Calcutta and to China for medicinal
use. The sliced and dried rind is powdered and
administered to overcome dysentery.
• Made into an ointment, it is applied on eczema and
other skin disorders.

21. BY: B. SUBHASH