Antelope Valley Museum Report

Antelope Valley Museum Report
Walking into the Antelope Valley Museum for the first time was breathtaking. I felt as though I had
just walked into the home of a true Native American Indian. I could literally smell the history in the
air, it smelled of dust and clay. With my first step through the door I immediately looked up at the
ceiling and noticed the most wonderful decorative paintings. I experienced many different native
paintings, handmade artifacts, and spiritual clothing. The walls were covered with information
regarding many different tribes and their many artifacts. Outside, I was lucky enough to take part in
an annual celebration with Native Peoples of many different tribes and backgrounds. I observed and
participated in cultural dances and storytelling by the hosts of the celebration. I especially enjoyed
these dances because I had gone to Elementary school with one ... Show more content on
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There were bowls, mortars and pestles sitting on the kitchen table as if they were waiting for the
owner of the home to come back any minute and prepare dinner. Typically museums have
everything behind glass or in display cases, but having them sitting on the table made it feel like the
home of a real person, not just a figure of history. I thought this was especially important because it
pushes the idea that people still live this way, rather than seeing Native Peoples as an extinct culture.
The first thing that caught my eye was the beautiful paintings hung on the living room wall. The
Navajo Indian paintings dated back to the 1930's and 1940's. Two specific paintings stood out to me
the most, and even confused me. A painting of a man on horseback and one of a woman striking a
sheep with a stick. They made me feel like these paintings were more stereotypical than authentic.
Thinking of Native American Indians, society pictured savages on horseback, and that is exactly
what these pictures
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Navajo Art Forms
Prior to researching about the Navajo Native American art forms, I was unaware of all the various
forms of art seen in their culture. Most people think of the paintings and drawings when they think
of art, but there are other forms of art and ways to be expressive without painting and drawing.
Upon researching this fascinating culture, I learned so much more about their lives and the forms of
art that they create. Throughout this paper I will be talking about the different art forms the Navajo
culture possesses. The Navajo art forms consist of jewelry, blankets, rugs, pottery and baskets. For
every ceremony or event within the Navajo culture, they could have a specific piece of art made
specifically for that ceremony. They use art to be expressive ... Show more content on
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The way they live their lives based on their surroundings. They like many other cultures in the
world, make do with what they have. They For example, they hauled logs for such long distances
over the tough terrain in order to build their homes. While researching the art forms of the Navajo
people, I found the jewelry and the woven rugs and blankets to be the most aweing type of art. In
order for them to make their rugs and blankets by weaving them, they have to take extreme
measures to prepare the materials. They had to sheer their sheep to obtain the wool and go through a
lengthy process in order for it to be ready to be woven. There is becoming a greater appreciation for
the Navajo arts in the school

Flourishing North American Cultures
2000 years before Europeans began to arrive in the New World, the last era of the pre–Columbian
development began. North American cultures such as the Mississippian culture, the Hopewell
Tradition, and the Hohokam culture experienced growth and environmental adaptation throughout
this era. Major contributions and innovations of Native Americans have developed and been passed
on through generations of ancestors. Originating in 700 A.D., the Mississippian culture expanded
through the Mississippi Valley and out into the southeastern states of Alabama, Georgia and Florida.
For 800 years, until the 1550s, the Mississippian culture prospered. They cultivated a substantial
amount of corn, by means of intensive farming, and other crops, such ... Show more content on
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At the peak of their dynamic culture, the Anasazi developed the Chaco Canyon. Within the canyon,
they constructed many pueblos, totaling nearly seven hundred rooms. In addition, they built water–
collection systems and a network of roads. It was a massive achievement in engineering. The
founding fathers of America looked at the Iroquois, who lived along the St. Lawrence River in what
is now New York, as a model of democracy to base America's political system on. From the
Iroquois, Europeans learned of a well–developed system of checks, balances and supreme law.
Because the Iroquois influenced the Articles of Confederation, they were one of the most important
native groups in North American history. The federation of the Iroquois enabled them to prosper in
independence and protect themselves from enemies. The Hohokam culture of present day Arizona
existed from 300 A.D. to 1200 A.D. The earliest Hohokam people lived in unusually large lodges
possibly with their extended family. The Hohokam men, who were traditionally hunters, hunted
large game with spears until the bow and arrow was introduced around 400–500 A.D. Throughout
the culture's lifespan, its geographical range expanded by at least three to four times. As the
Hohokam culture expanded and their contacts with neighboring tribes increased, trade began to
flourish. A surprising variety of products were

Native American Art And European Art
Native American culture was a great influence on newly introduced western art when settlers first
came to North America. Not only did Native Americans have their own style of art, sculpture, basket
weaving, and other fine arts. Their artistic styles helped influence some European art and gave them
a different outlook on not only art itself, but a brand new culture that they have not seen before. This
paper will talk about the different styles of Native American art and compare it to European art
styles and artist, as well as going into detail about how their culture influenced artistic styles. There
are many different types of Native American tribes located in the United States, and there were even
more when Europeans/settlers first arrived on the shores of the East coast. In the Subarctic and
Arctic area (Alaska, Canada, and south of Canada) the only known surviving art is the Petrgoglyph
site in Ontario. A lot of these art were painted hides from caribou and moose which were used to
make bright colored clothing, tipi's, and beaded boxes. When Europeans finally met these Native
Americans, moose–hair tufting and floral glass beadwork became popular in that area greatly as
they were influenced by the Grey Nuns which was a Canadian religious institute from the Roman
Catholic Religious sisters founded in 1783. The Yup'ik of Alaska had a long tradition and
remarkable style of carving masks for their rituals. These mask were classified as art due to their
designs and

Charles And Valerie Diker Collection Essay
The "Native American Masterpieces from the Charles and Valerie Diker Collection" exhibition is a
selection of extraordinary Native American works of art that is drawn entirely from the New York's
Charles and Valerie Diker Collection. The collection celebrates the Native North American legacy
and the artist's attainments from culturally diverse indigenous civilizations across the North
American region.
The works are arranged thematically. Certain objects of the same category were placed fairly close
to each other and the works overall in the exhibition were placed in a spherical rotation. The
collection shows the Native North American's legacy well. For instance, Shamans wore protective or
spiritually charged pendants such as the object "unrecorded Tlingit Artist, Shaman's amulet, 1820–
40, Antler, abalone shell". To display their belief in the complex mythology surrounding the energy
of the erratic desert landscape and mainly the life–giving power of rainwater and mountains, the
people of the American Southwest hand built pottery that features imagery reflecting their deep
spirituality, such as ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This work shows Standing Bear's experience of the battle, which was the battle where Sitting Bull
and Crazy Horse, leaders of the Sioux on the Great Plains, fought against U.S. Lieutenant George A.
Custer. The Native American warriors can be identified as the bright colored figures wearing the
feathered war bonnets. The U.S soldiers appear more gray toned and darker. The image shows an
overall chaotic scene full of movement and conveys intensity. It gives an excessive sense of what
the Native Americans were fighting for. To protect and keep their homeland from invaders and from
what the object label says, "the small tipis represent a summer village for hundreds of families",
they were just humans who had families and sought to shield their

Native Peoples: Learning About The Extensive Native...
Native Peoples Magazine, which was published in the year 1987, is an American Indian magazine
that is distributed bi–monthly with the cost of $19.95 for 6 issues or $36.00 for 12 issues. The goal
of this magazine is to reach out to people all around the world. Native Peoples Magazine portrays
the arts and lifestyles, Native American artists, cooks, fashion designers, and their culture. The
magazine can be used as a travel guide for many people. According to the Mailing List Finder of
Native Peoples Magazine, it is said that the majority of the audience is college–educated readers and
mostly occupy positions such as professional managers. The other percentages of readers are those
of American Indian descent. However, after analyzing the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
For instance, the articles illustrate the colorful and extravagant paintings and potteries of the Native
American culture. The pictures in the articles depict the lifestyles of Native Americans back in the
days in comparison to today's form of dressing. The Native Peoples Magazine can attract just about
any individual who desires to learn more about a culture before visiting. It showcases the different
dishes and places that an individual will encounter if he or she ever plans to visit. Thus, a result may
be that an individual may familiarize himself/herself with the way of life and adapt to what could
possibly be meaningful to the Native Americans. The Native Peoples Magazine also depicts
traditional cars of the culture and books of known authors. Without even realizing, one might feel
integrated into the Native American culture without physically being present. On another note, we
can also see how this magazine attracts women. Most women care for clothes and jewelry, others
care for the artistic aspect of another culture. I've scanned through the entire magazine, and I have
not seen a gadget that a man might be interested in, which is why we can infer that women are most
likely to be the audience that this magazine aims to attract. There are many things that one could
learn from the articles of the Native Peoples Magazine. For example, the article "Traditional Native
Musical Instruments of the Southwest" tells us more

Natchez Tribe Social Structure
Native American life for the Natchez tribe was primitive and communal. The social structure of the
Natchez Native American tribe was organized by a caste system which drew from religious beliefs
and classified individuals as suns, nobles, honored people, and commoners. The most important
members of the tribe were the Peace Chief named the Great Sun, his right hand man, the War Chief,
and the four clan Mothers. The Chiefs were determined based upon the social status of their mother
at birth. Natchez were considered hierarchical because the Peace Chief named the Great Sun was
always the son of the clan Mother known as the Female Sun. Also, the Female Sun's daughter would
be the mother of the next the Great Sun. This made sure that the Chief was always male. The
Natchez tribe was a strong matrilineal society because the Female Sun gave birth to the Great Sun.
The power was passed through the Mother's part of the family. Therefore, the descent was
considered to be along female lines. Also, the Great Sun could have several wives and many
servants. When ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Peace Chief or Great Sun had the final say but decisions were made through a tribal council
called the "Council of Suns" which was made up of leaders of associated clans. There were four
clans as well as four clan mothers. Each clan mother was responsible for maintaining the
progression of the tribe as well as all the judicial functions. The Natchez are called a four–mother
nation because the clan mothers are considered to be the "four mothers" of the people. Tribal affairs
were managed by the Peace Chief, otherwise known as the Great Sun, and his right hand the War
Chief. The two work in harmony and are selected by virtue of their traits and expertise for lifetime
appointments, as are the clan mothers. Religious leaders were seniors in the "Council of Suns" and
were the primary

How Did The Natives Impact On The English
The Natives had many impacts on the English when they came into the New World. By helping
them with farming, growing crops, teaching them how to survive, they left a permanent mark on the
English. Many ideas were inspiring to them such as most of naming the animals, plants, cities and
towns. They had many talents in which one was creating art such as pottery, leather products, wool
rugs, and beaded jewelry. Another thing the English was inspired by was the Natives' agriculture.
They taught them ways on how to farm, what to plant, and how to keep growing the crops. The main
things they grew was corn and squash. They also taught settlers irrigation methods and crop rotation.
Another one of the things that the Natives gave the English were their

The Indian Experience During The 1900's
The Indian experience during the 1900's was drastically different from the Mexican and Spanish
experience. To begin, the Native were entirely different from both Europeans and Mexicans, both in
appearance and social life "Indians sported tattooed bodies and scarred faces and wore little more
than animal skins, and grass skirts" (Almaguer,107). They were also dark skinned, "some Anglos
simply believe that the Indians were remarkably dirty, ugly, and very dark complexioned," animal–
like and uncivilized heathens because of their "traditional hunting gathering economy and their
system of gender and sexual meaning" (Almaguer, 108–111). Because they were so different and
deemed inferior, it was easy for the Anglos to want to rule or eradicate them ... Show more content
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The main view of Natives come for the way the Ohlone were perceived "California Indians such as
the Ohlone were a pathetically backward, uncivilized people who lived in grass hovels, made boats,
and tools from unacceptable material, and even preferred baskets to pottery" and even "developed a
deeply spiritual sense [...] to their balanced relationship with the environment and a communal
economic system" (Almaguer, 114). All these prejudices led to the already apparent hatred and
bloody relationship between the Anglos and the Indians, by the 1850's the hostility arose between
the two societies "for the Indians' part, attacks made on the white settlers were usually reprisals for
the brutal murders of Indian men and women, and the wholesome kidnapping of Indian children,"
their food was practically eliminated "hungry Indians were forced to steak food or kill a cow in
order to avoid total starvation" (Almaguer, 119). Furthermore, "complete devaluation in the white
man's eyes reduced [Indian women] to mere property or sexual commodities," rape was rampant in
the Indian community so much that "Indian women were routinely captured and either held as
concubines by their kidnappers or sold to other white men for their personal use" (Almaguer, 120–
121). By 1857, the communities that were impacted by this relentless torture of the Indians decided

Symbols of the Hopi Pottery Essay
Symbols of the Hopi Pottery
When most people look at a piece of pottery the first thing that comes to mind is the significance of
the symbols and the stories behind these symbols. There are some symbols of Hopi pottery that have
stories behind them and some that are symbols of either lost significance or the story is unknown.
Some of the symbols we think of as symbols, are really the potters own design. Most people make
the mistake that symbols and designs are the same thing, but in fact they are very different. Hopi
potters, mostly women, have been instrumental in both preserving and developing traditional
symbols and innovating designs in response to changes in and challenges to their culture.
In the beginning, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The potter does not look at the design or shape of piece of pottery until the complete piece is
finished. Once the pot is finished, the potter looks at it and if there is something wrong with it, such
as it is lop–sided or the design is corked, he/she takes it as a learning experience , and will know
what not to do the next time ("Museum Notes" 3).
If on the other hand, he/she has not decided on a design he/she may take the pot in his/her hands and
close his/her eyes and imagine a design that would fit the pot which would be attractive on the
piece. A very famous potter, Maria Martinez creates all of her pottery by first closing her eyes with
the piece in her hands and then imagining what would look good on this piece and what will fit
perfectly. Another artist, Carol Duwyenie, states "My creations in art revolve around symbolism in
the relationship to life and Hopi Philosophy of the earth. Just like the paths of life change, twist, and
turn, so has my work. I have taken different paths to express my creativity...."(Duwyenie 1).
Everyone has there own way of deciding what to place on their art. As mentioned above, some
artists know right from the start what the design will be , but some do not and some use both
strategies depending on the piece.
There are several strategies to keep the pot flawless. The most common strategy is to border the area
to be designed with several lines to keep it from becoming slated or lopsided. The area is first

How Did The Indian Culture Affect How We Live Today?
How did the Indian culture affect how we live today? Have you ever thought what makes up our
culture? The American civilization is based on of a lot of different cultures: Europe, explorers,
pilgrims and even Native Americans. While all of the factors affecting our culture are important and
interesting, the Native American or Indiana culture is one of the most interesting, in my opinion.
What made up their culture and what things happened to the Native Americans throughout the years
is something we should all be aware of when considering our own culture? Most cultures are made
up of five or six key things that make them unique. Things like language, art, people, religion, food
and wardrobe. The Native Americans were just the same. I am going to show you how the Native
American culture and events that happened to them left a mark on our modern American culture.
What made up the Indians communities? One of the things that made up their culture is art. I loved
the Native American art. Their art was unique. All of the paintings had a special meaning. They also
used all sorts of this media, including: baskets, carvings, pottery, rugs, and paintings. I think my
favorite of their art is their tapestry. It was always full of beautiful detail. Every part of the art had
millions of meanings. That is the best part of their art. Native American artwork can still be seen
today in museums. However, their ideas are being used in our culture. We craft rugs, paintings,
pottery, and even

Essay On Cherokee Tribe
To begin with, the Cherokee tribe was one of the three primary Native American tribes in South
Carolina that called themselves "the real people." Upward in the mountains, they lived in these
villages called "longhouses." For the girls, their daily lives consisted of doing work in the field,
planting and hoeing corn, then harvesting it. On the other hand, the boy's daily lives consisted of
being taught to fish and hunt. Their food was examples of fruits, nuts, corn, pole beans, squash,
pumpkins, bottle gourds, and tobacco. Next, the Catawba tribe was another one of the three primary
Native American tribes in South Carolina that called themselves the "river people. They used
Carolina clay to make their pottery which they were known for. The Catawba dwellers lived in
villages that had an open rounding on the top. The Catawbas were primarily farmers because every
day they planted crops by the river, fished and hunted. Therefore, the Yemassee tribe was the third
primary tribe in South Carolina that was from Spanish Florida. Throughout the summer, they lived
on a beach, staying in Wigwams concealed in palmetto leaves. However, during the fall, winter, and
spring they stayed in wattle and daub homes with a roof of leaves like the Cherokee. Every day they
would eat clams which were part of their diet and equip the land for crops. Women were obligated
for child rearing, making clothes, and served food and the men congregated the rest of the food in
fishing and hunting. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Furthermore, the white leader was when they were going into a war and the red leader would take
over. In each village, however, they either had a holy man or a holy woman. Also, inside each
Catawba village, they had council houses where the leaders made the rules. Like the other two main
tribes, the Yemassee tribe also had a council but sometimes involved

Archaeology : The Field Of Archaeology
Archaeologists:
The field of archaeology is a sub–discipline of anthropology. People, who study archaeology, are
called archaeologists. What they do in this field is that they find and study the artifacts of past
civilizations like tools and weapons, pottery, jewelry, and clothing (if it survived that passage of
time). From analyzing artifacts, archaeologists are able to form hypothesizes of how that ancient
culture would have lived and behaved, even if there is no written record.
The field of archaeology helps, especially, with decoding the unknown history of the Native
Americans before European contact. From the archaeological sites to the different dates of artifacts
collected over the decades, archaeologists have grouped pre–European contact in Native American
history four periods of time, Paleo (Prehistory) (more than 10,000 years ago), Archaic (roughly
10,000–2,500 years ago), Woodland (roughly 3,000 years ago– early 1600s), and then Euro–
American (1600s to present)*. *These time frames are a rough estimate, which means that there is
potential overlapping, and it is theorized that there is not a distinct beginning and end, just one
continuous growth of culture throughout time. Most Native American communities will accept
western time periods of their culture, however, there are some that refuse to acknowledge them
because they are western times about their life.
Paleo: Post–Glacial Native Americans:
When did Paleo–Indians arrive?
Archaeologists believe that

The Navajo Are Centrally Located In The Southwestern United
The Navajo are centrally located in the Southwestern United States. Even though their culture is in
America, it differs from the culture of Western America. The difference lies in everything from
religion to personal expression. In fact, a significant portion of personal expression done by Navajo
individuals is shown through their artwork. The artwork is a not only a representation of the Navajo
lifestyle, but their significance to history. The Navajo artwork that will be discussed includes
artforms such as sand painting, rugs, pottery, and silver making; these will be defined and the
technique and/or creative process will be explained as well. Sand painting is a unique and symbolic
art form originating with the Holy People, was and still ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Practitioners believe sitting on the sand painting helps the patient to absorb spiritual power, while in
turn the Holy People will absorb the illness and take it away. Afterward, when the sand painting has
served its purpose, it is considered to be toxic, since it has absorbed the illness. For this reason, the
painting is destroyed. Because of the sacred nature of the ceremonies, the sand paintings are begun,
finished, used and destroyed within 12 hours. The colors for the painting are usually accomplished
with naturally colored sand, such as crushed gypsum (white), yellow ochre, red sandstone, charcoal
and a mixture of charcoal and gypsum (blue). Other coloring agents include corn meal, flower
pollen, or powdered roots and bark. Sand paintings are not the only artforms created by the Navajo,
there are also rugs. Navajos came to the southwest with their own weaving traditions; however, they
learned to weave cotton on upright looms from Pueblo peoples. Navajo women believe the art of
weaving was taught by Spider Woman, who constructed a loom according to directions given by the
Holy People. By the 18th century the Navajos had begun to import Bayeta red yarn to supplement
local black, grey, and white wool, as well as wool dyed with indigo. Using an upright loom, the
Navajos made extremely fine utilitarian blankets that were collected by Ute and Plains Indians.
These Chief 's Blankets were characterized by horizontal stripes and minimal patterning in

An Examination Of Native History
An Examination of Native History
Native American. Indian. These are the names given to the Indigenous peoples of Native North
America so that they may be classified together as one group, a single entity, to define thousands of
years of multifaceted cultures, many of which have unfortunately been lost. Prior to European
contact, many of these Native groups encompassing present day Canada to Mexico lived their lives
ruled by political systems, a complex use of resources available, social stratification, and the
creation of a vast array of tools and technology to further expand their cultures and populations.
Many of these indigenous peoples with old world belief systems were named by Europeans and
forced to acculturate themselves with distinct civilized views. But prior to Columbus's arrival, these
independent groups had created lush and intricate societies that were highly successful, practical,
and functional. The political basis for many cultures often intertwined with their environmental and
social situation. For people of the arctic, this meant maximizing the individual's potential in the
procurement, distribution, and consumption of food in a hunter–gatherer atmosphere (52). The harsh
conditions of the environment didn't allow the Arctic people the freedom that the Iroquois had. The
Haudenosaunee (Iroquois) had four basic levels of political organization, respectively; clan, town,
nation, and the infamous league, a confederacy–based system that governed a much larger

Early American Indian Pottery History
Introduction Ceramic making is still a popular tradition today in the Americas, especially on Native
Indian Reservations, like in Western, North Carolina. The use of ceramics, however, is quite
different than the way it was used by the natives during the Middle Woodland Period. Today, pottery
is mainly made for decoration or art purposes by modern day Americans, but according to Wallis
(2011), about 3,000 years ago the use of pottery became a very common use and practiced tradition
among the native people who lived during that time period. The Swift Creek culture and the
Cherokee Indians had very similar methods in formulating ceramics. The archaeological findings of
these artifacts states that one group had been more advanced designs on their vessels. This reason is
most likely because of the materials that one group was able to access in their area that the other
group did not have available. One group was also more traditional and spiritual in making their
vessels, which caused them to create more complex designs and methods while designing their
ceramics (Block 2005). By looking at the similarities of both groups pottery styles, archaeologists
were able to determine the minor but very distinctive differences, that one group processed in their
art, than the other. By comparing each group's ceramics by looking at ... Show more content on
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100 and 900 (Pluckhahn 2007). The decorations on the pottery that was being produced by the Swift
Creek culture, became unusual overtime (Smith et all. 2009). Radiocarbon dates from the number of
sites archaeologists have excavated containing Swift Creek pottery suggests the time range of their
pottery is approximately 20 B.C. to A.D. 805 (Pluckhahn 2007). The pottery style changed heavily
over time, because Swift Creek vessels first started off as deep jars with notched rims and then their
pottery cultivated into bowl forms with folded rims (Smith et all.

Identity And Inspiration: Museum Analysis
The museum that I chose is the Philbrook Museum, and on the second floor of this museum is the
gallery that I have chosen. It is a 20th century Native American Art gallery called "Identity and
Inspiration". The collection not only holds a very diverse assortment of contemporary Native art, but
it also holds a well–documented selection of the artist's motivations that influenced their creative
process. I liked how the exhibit held a very wide range of space in–between each of the object cases.
The white walls and clear cases made the gallery seem not as crowded, and the way the objects were
spaced out seemed incredibly orderly. In some other museum galleries, the objects seem to be
organized culturally or geographically; but in this gallery, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Each of these artists integrates traditional materials and techniques with non–traditional imagery.
Their creations are both statements that articulate their place as Native people in mainstream
American society. Instead of the stark black and white painted pottery of the ancient artists of the
Southwest, there lies the inspiration of modern comic book graphics in his work with the dramatic
black lines and drawings. In the next piece, Romero delights in questioning assumptions and
stereotypes through his Polychrome bowl creation. This is just a regular looking bowl but has a very
detailed picture drawn on the inside. It shows that below ground, there are remnants of the distant
past, including bottles, pottery, a skull, and a fossilized dinosaur. At the top are the wide–open skies
the Southwestern landscape, and at center of the piece, are multiple cars all in various stages of
disrepair sitting in front of a home. In this one graphic image, he juxtaposes images of the traditional
native life of the past with other symbols of industrialization, and also highlights the depth of history
and the continuing changes that effect not only the Native culture but all

Comparing The Coastal People And The Plateau People
The Coastal People and the Plateau People are two native American cultures that shared the
environment in Washington. Coastal people lived west of the Cascades in Washington. The Plateau
people lived east of the Cascades. Even though they are different native American cultures, they had
many things in common. Both native American cultures live in Washington on either side of the
Cascades. The Coastal people adapted well to the wet climate. They mostly relied on the nearby
ocean for food like sea mammals and whales. They took advantage of the forest area and cut down
the cedar trees to make permanent longhouses. They also carved masks, totem poles, and carved
stones. Even though they had the wet climate, they stayed in the same area.

Native American Art : The History Of Native American Art
Native American art is a profoundly expressive culture that has been a way of life for so many
Native Americans. Native American art history has advanced over thousands of years and is
composed of several idiosyncratic styles from the differentiating cultures of diverse Indian tribes.
From Navajo to Hopi, each tribe has a particular history, which consists of many types of Native
American arts including beadwork, jewelry, weaving, pottery, carvings, kachinas, masks, totem
poles, and more. To truly understand Native American art, we will explore Native American art
history, its subjects, and if Native American art has a spiritual connection to it. The study of Native
American history makes the discovery of ancient Native American art almost a given. The oldest
known engraving art found in North America dates back to approximately 11,000 BC. The carving
depicted a mammoth or mastodon and was engraved into a bone of an animal. Using forensic
analysis and other technologies, the bone was identified as having once belonged to a mammoth,
mastodon or giant sloth, which are creatures that roamed North America during the last Ice Age. The
Smithsonian Institution and the University of Florida announced that the engraving was at least
13,000 years old and may be the earliest known example of art in the Americas, as well as the only
Ice Age art of a proboscidean, or an animal with a trunk. A cast of the engraved fossil bone has been
placed on display at the Florida Museum of Natural

The Characteristics Of The Native Americans
Introduction Humans in nature are curious and this leads into finding or creating extraordinary
things that may one day be value or question by many. As early civilizations emerge, the beginning
of many wonders were developed and with great accuracy. Although there was a lack of technology,
as we have today, one wonders how some items may have been developed. The Native Americans
are just one particular example to analyze. Despite the lack of the tools we have today, their artwork
is impeccable and with great accuracy. Their art work and constructions leave one to ponder on how
those items were developed. Furthermore, one can also wonder on how records were kept. The
number system that we have today was not available to them. Yet, they were able to have some
sense of counting. In addition, Native Americans placed importance on specific numbers and this
can be seen in both art and their activities. Patterns and Shapes The need to create and construct
goes far beyond what one can imagine. It is in human nature to be curious and to develop or create
based on the observations of the world around us. In fact, shapes and patterns emerge in nature
organically (Rudman 2007). Native Americans development of geometric shapes is still a mystery to
many. Yet, by analyzing the world around us and trying to create based on observations and
creativity leads into our desire to mimic nature itself. Designs and patterns on everyday life items
were utilized by Native

The Identity Of Native American Culture In Native America
Identity in Native America is directly associated with culture and language. As a result, some of the
issues today which are important in shaping the identity of modern Native Americans include:
representations of native people by the media in sports and popular culture; how indigenous
languages are being revitalized and maintained; and identity reclamation. The Native American
lifestyle has changed significantly during the last half of the 20th century and that is because views
on the Native people have drastically changed over time. They have had many hardships that have
greatly impacted their culture over the past few centuries leading up to today. During the first half of
the 20th century numerous changes went on in the native community. Life on the reservations was
bleak and economic opportunities were almost non–existence. Many natives remained on the
reservations where they were able to maintain their language and culture (Otten, Dutton). However,
some others left the reservations for economic opportunities that the growing U.S economy
promised and offered. Native Americans who didn't live on the reservations chose to make as little
reference as possible to their indigenous roots, much like other ethnic groups that migrated into the
U.S. That is because though most Native Americans knew that the dominant culture would enjoy the
indigenous dances and native jewelry and pottery, etc, it was almost impossible to live a traditional
native lifestyle. Several natives

Connection To Native American Culture
My connection to Native American culture is very limited. The knowledge I do have would
primarily be from the Disney movie Pocachontas as well as what I learned in elementary school
relating to the first settlers and Thanksgiving. I have a basic understanding that their culture is based
deeply in spiritual rituals. I also know that they have been forced to move from their land and have
had to fight to keep the reservations that they currently reside on.
I would say that the Native American culture most influences me in relation to my love of art. The
Native Americans are well known for many artistic things in jewelry and pottery. The Native
American jewelry can also be based on spiritual rituals as well as tribal and is often turquoise

Native American Tribe
There are three main Native American tribes in South Carolina. They were known as the Cherokee,
Catawba, and Yemassee. The Cherokee was a tribe of Native Americans called the "real people"
located in the mountains of South Carolina. They built two types of homes for summer and winter in
their daily lives. Their summer homes allowed air to flow through to make it cooler, and their winter
homes were built with thick walls made of clay and grass called duab to keep it warmer. Men
poisoned the fishing water with walnut bark so the fish would float to the top and be easier to catch.
Men and women were allowed to be leaders of the council to make decisions for the tribe. The holy
man could be either men or women. The leader of the nation would be a white leader during
peaceful times, and a red leader would lead in times of war. The Catawba was another tribe of
Native Americans that were called the "river people" because they lived ... Show more content on
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Native Americans were excellent hunters and used animal pelts for clothing, which the Europeans
adopted to keep warm during the winter months. Native Americans also knew how to prepare the
Carolina soil for crops using the slash–and–burn method. They introduced many new staple crops to
the European settlers and some of them would turn into cash crops for the Europeans. Native
American men would hunt and fish and the women would tend the crops, make clothes out of
animal pelts, and raise the children. They also introduced new weapons and tools to the Europeans
made out of rocks. One of the greatest impacts Native Americans left on the Carolina Colonies that
still exists to this day is the use of tobacco as a major cash crop. Today, tobacco is a billion dollar
business that has affected society in positive and negative ways by providing jobs for many people
but also exposing them to

Native American Art History Research Paper
One of the most commonly founded item in the museum were varies kind of basket. There were
basket from 1800–20th century. They all came in different shape and size. One basket were from
Chitimacha Native American culture found in Louisiana. These baskets are made from local river
cane, which is a variety of bamboo. Chitimacha basket colors are red, black, yellow and the natural
color of the cane. Another basket were from Lozi culture found at Zambia. This basket were produce
from beautiful Makenge tree root. They were used for storing food or personal items. It even stated
that basket weaving basket was a more favorable job for the women.
Additionally, another piece of art that stood out in the Native American art were Human Effigy
Bottle ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Learning about art and seeing their pictures in books in one thing. However, being also to seeing art
in front of you with your own eyes is a whole another experience. Not one that you can see the more
in–depth details but one can also see its true size. With that many questions might come in mind.
How it's made? How long it took? Why it look that way? Unfortunately, I was not able to see all the
art due to construction and

Compare And Contrast Native Americans And Europeans
Another European view of the Native Americans and Africans was the idea that they were
"barbarians",meaning they were uncultured, uneducated, and inferior. Many Native American tribes
they encountered were matrilineal societies, unheard of in the patriarchal European society, and
most lived in communal groups with shared property working for the good of the whole which was
viewed as "upside down capitalism" and inferior. The Africans also maintained a matrilineal
heritage and viewed family as the source of identity in great contrast to the European patriarchal and
individualistic societies. These European views of Native American and Africans cultures allowed
them to justify treating the other groups as subhuman and believe that the Europeans

Art In Native American Art
Art is something that Indigenous People have cherished from the beginning of time. Native
American art can include paintings, pottery works, beadwork, and clothes. More contemporary art
such as paintings, sculptures, and statues. Although some art is known more than others, they all
play a huge part to Native People. Some art forms have died out, however most of them have stayed
the same and are still practiced to this day. Many artist are known for their pieces because they
reflect their Native background. It is important to Indigenous People to express their beliefs and to
spread the word of their tribes. No matter the art form and time period it is from, art will always be
special to Indigenous people. Native American has expressed art in many ways from the beginning.
Many different arts were transcribed onto pelts that were used for housing, clothing, and blankets.
However some tribes were farther advanced and would use fur to make blankets. They would die the
furs creating different colors. After dying, people would make the blankets so that they had designs
and sometimes stories. Blankets hold more importance than just art work. Many tribes beliefs
include being laid to rest wrapped in a blanket or having a blanket passed on throughout
generations. (Nunley, 1991, pp.18) However, majority of Native American created art on different
types of pottery. There is two different periods of high points of pottery art. The biggest era from
1050–1250 A.D. is when many

Native American Stereotypes
Introduction The Shawnee Native Americans were present around the Ohio River and moved into
Indiana in the 1700's. Tecumseh and the battle of the Tippecanoe was a big part of the history of
Indiana, and those events were because of the Shawnee Native Americans. Our group learned from
actually immersing ourselves, talking, and getting involved. We learned about a new culture by
going to the Eiteljorg Musuem, Shirley Brauker's artist showcase, Native American pottery classes,
and by doing research. Our first goal was to break the stereotypes we might consciously or
subconsciously have. An example of this was the point that was made was by Shirley Brauker, that
if you took an elder and gave them the choice of a colored pencil and paper or animal ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
government threatens to take away the tribe's land. We decided to watch this movie for our Cultural
Immersion Project because it focuses on how the Indians of many tribes were forced to assimilate
into the Americans values and way of life. The Indians obviously did not want to make any
accommodations into the American lifestyle. They fought back and were forced into reservations.
For our project we wanted to learn about the Native American culture and how they adapted or not
adapted to the lifestyles of the Americans, and we thought this movie would give us a good start in
our knowledge of the tried assimilation attempts of the Native

Modern Pottery: Native American Ceramics
Native American Ceramics In this essay, Native American ceramics have been selected to
demonstrate how the classical forms have impressed our factual knowledge of Native Americans,
moreover, how the classical forms have influenced the modern pottery that is produced today. Also,
this essay will vaguely explore how the artist's culture have shaped their ceramics. Seeing that fired
clay is one of the only substances known to man whose consistent shape does not alter over time,
researchers can apply carbon–dating to discovered Native American pottery in order to extend our
basic knowledge of their culture ("Pottery"). In fact, what we know about Native Americans is
influenced by the Europeans; their arrival bringing metal tools, replacing ... Show more content on
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Also, Native Americans used many different approaches to make and design the works of clay, and
some of those techniques and many variations of those techniques are being applied to modern
pottery today. As shown in this essay, Native Americans have created a way to gather, store, and
preserve through the expression of clay.
Works Cited
"Anasazi." Historytogo.Utah.Gov, 2018, historytogo.utah.gov/utah_chapters/american_indians/a
nasazi.html. Accessed 12 January 2018. "Native American Pottery Making– Overview."
Nativeamerican–Art.Com, 2018, nativeamerican– art.com/pottery–overview.html. Accessed 18
January 2018.
"North America | Boundless Art History." Courses.Lumenlearning.Com, 2018, courses.lumenlea
rning.com/boundless–arthistory/chapter/north–america/. Accessed 12 January 2018.
Park, S., Hongu, N. and Daily, J. 2018. Native American foods: History, culture, and influence on
modern diets. Science Direct. www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352618116
30075. Accessed 16 January 2018.
"Pottery By American Indian Women – History." Cla.Purdue.Edu, 2018, www.cla.purdue.edu/W
AAW/peterson/Petersonessay2.html. Accessed 15 January 2018.
"Pueblo Pottery | American Indian Art." Encyclopedia Britannica, 2018,

American West Art
On Tuesday we took a trip to the Chrysler Museum to view the "Branding the American West"
exhibit. In this exhibit it had a wide selection of Art types which we had a guide take us around to
view them. While I was there I was surprised to see a more variety of art than I thought I would see.
I saw television art that was made by a Korean man, A glass hamburger with fries and a Pepsi; this
one was the most interesting to me because I had never seen art like that in my life. Another cool
thing is that most of the art here at the exhibit had descriptions by them to let you know what the art
means and who the artist were. However, their is one piece of art that I liked the most and that one is
the Pima Basket. in this work of art you see a Native American woman making bowls and a fire
where she makes the pot a solid so they are able to use it for their needs. It also shows the respect
that the White painter has toward the Native American culture. What this work of art suggest about
the American West as a place was that it was a diverse group of people who lived there. Native
Americans, Settlers and many others. This painting also shows the amount of respect that the people
on the west coast had for each other. As a brand the American west represented a more unified part
of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It represents the tone of the Romanticism period. The questions of this work of art that remain are
how is the relationship between the painter and the Native American Woman. Even though the
description about this work does say that it is positive, we will never know for sure . Questions that
this work of art raise for me about the time period of the American West are what more many
different art styles did people make during that time period. Their were a lot of painters, sculptors
and people who did pottery in the American West and sometimes people who had those different
talents would come together and make cool types of

Native American Arts
Native Americans treasure one thing in their culture the most; the arts. Native American art is the
works created by the natives of North America. Art can come in many forms, but are most present in
the visual arts and melodic arts, which can then fall under several categories. Art is considered a
symbol of Native American heritage and the overall culture of world art. It has been a major part of
their lives for thousands of years. The Native American arts serve the purpose of self–expression,
which plays an extensive role in everyday Native American life. Native American art history has
been developing for over thousands of years. The arts have a vast deep connection with spirituality
and the Earth. It's a way of life for almost all Native Americans and can be traced back to cave
paintings and stonework. Each piece of art is designed to reveal the complexity of the diverse tribes.
One of the most popular forms of art is jewelry; it's heavy in symbolism which makes is more easily
accepted. Native Americans are better known for their skills in carving intricate patterns and
designs. Often, their inspiration will actually come from the natural world surrounding them. The
arts, to the Native Americans, hold more symbolism to them than a lot of the other aspects their
culture holds and is a part of. Native American art is created as symbols such as bears, walruses,
eagles, and people. Basket and blanket weaving are a very popular form of art, and the Navajo tribe
is most

The Museum 's Main Purpose Essay
The museum's main purpose is not only to educate the public about American Indians, but also to
"deconstruct stereotypes" and give tribal members something along the lines of a safe place where
they are welcome to embrace their ethnicity. One factor that showcases the information I previously
stated is the fact that tribal members have free admission into the museum. Another way the
museum salutes the ethnicity of American Indians is by commemorating Native individuals alive
today. Names of famous Native Americans are displayed along with their contributions to the ethnic
group. One of the people displayed is Sarah Deer, who is a professor and lawyer that fought for
Tribal Jurisdiction. Upon arrival, I was informed that the museum is divided by Tribe and the
regions in which each tribe was located. The museum is divided into Alaska/Canada, Northwest
Coast, Southwest, Plains, and Woodlands. The reason I think it is divided this way is so that every
person who visits has the ability to learn about each region of tribes separately. It is easy to make
assumptions that Native Americans were all the same, but the truth is that they are all unique. Each
tribe has their own customs, clothing, food, and ways of life. The Alaska/Canada region includes
tribes like the Athapaskan, Inuit, Cree, Chipewyan, Ojibwe, Naskapi, and the Montagnais. Because
these tribes had to deal with an extremely harsh environment, they adapted by utilizing animals and
tools to help them survive. Their

Blackfoot Tribe Research Paper
The "Blackfoot" or "Blackfeet" tribe is a Native American tribe that is located in the Great Plains.
The differentiation between "Blackfeet" or "Blackfoot" is depending on your culture and where
you're at in the world. Most normally, Americans refer to them as the Blackfeet; while Canadians
refer to the tribe as Blackfoot. The Native American tribe has believe the name "Blackfeet" to be
offensive, therefore the proper pronunciation is Blackfoot. The Blackfoot tribe is made up of three
bands or sub–tribes; the Siskins, Kainah, and the Piegans. The three subtribes intermarried. The
tribe, together, shared cultural events and fought the same enemies, but were independent clans and
did not share the same chief. There are different theories as to why the united subtribes pick the
name Blackfoot. It was known that the tribe wore black moccasins to distinguish their tribe from
others. Many believed they darkened the moccasins with ash. Others believe 'Blackfoot' is referring
to war tribes in the Great Plains. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
To researchers, this indicates to them the tribe comes from the eastern woodland area, years before
the Europeans and Americans. This evidence can mean the tribe is one of the oldest in the Great
Plains. Like most Plain tribes, the Blackfoot tribe is nomadic. The Blackfoot tribe also had no
interests in art, like pottery and basketry, nor agriculture. The tribe relies heavily on the buffalo, and
found most use in following the buffalo, using them for food, shelter, and all other needs. They use
the buffalo hide to make tipis to make relocating

Hopi Culture Research Paper
History Hopi means peaceful ones, or hopeful. The Hopi are a sub tribe of Pueblo, formerly called
Moki, or Moqui. The Hopis regard themselves as the first inhabitants of America. Their village of
Oraibi is indisputably the oldest continuously occupied settlement in the United States." While Hopi
oral history traces their origin to a Creation and Emergence from previous worlds, scientists place
them in their present location for the last thousand years, perhaps longer (Waters, 1963).
Archaeologists definitively place the Hopis on the Black Mesa of the Colorado Plateau by 1350. The
period from 1350 to 1540 is considered the Hopi ancestral period, marked primarily by the rise of
village chieftains. The Hopi culture was firmly in place by ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
They believe they are the world's caretakers and need to preform rituals and ceremonies to keep the
world in balance to bring rain and please the Gods. Rituals and ceremonies guide most aspects of
their lives and are handed down through centuries from ancestors. The Hopi value life, the earth, and
believe there is a spirit in everything. They look to Earth Mother, Sky Father, Sun, Moon, Maasaw,
which is the world's guardian spirit, and Kachina dolls. Kachina dolls are made of wood and are
spirits, often the dolls are carved to teach their children the names and powers of the different spirits.
The Kachina dolls are used in rituals and ceremonies along with different dances to bring rain and
grow crops. There are over three hundred different strong spirits that control nature. There are three
key aspects of ceremonies. The kiva, the paho, and the corn mother. The kiva is an underground
circular room where rituals are done in private and then ceremonial dances are performed for the
public. The paho is a prayer feather taken from eagles used to send prayers to the creator and lastly
the mother corn, which is a perfect ear of corn saved from the harvest for rituals. Although some
concessions to modern convenience have been made, the Hopis have guarded and persevered their
cultural

Native American Art Research Paper
Many people collect Native American art today. To what factors do you attribute this popularity?
On the great plains of North America, heroes were born and legends were created. The Native
American tribes left an indelible mark on world history and continue to be a source of inspiration,
guidance, and reverence in today's world. One of the most important ways which the values and
wisdom of Native American tribes convey their message is through art.
Today, interest in studying and collecting Native American art is steadily rising. In response to the
demand for knowledge about the subject, a new website, native–american–art.org, has risen to the
forefront for providing facts and resources for anybody interested in expanding their knowledge ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Native American art history expressed in jewelry, quillwork, beading, and creation of items for
everyday living are replete in symbolism incorporating precious and semi–precious stones.
Every piece of work created by these incredible people indicated workmanship, pride, and cultural
spirit. Native American Art History is a contribution to American History not as an aside, but a focal
point in the development of the country in its infancy. Native American art history combines the
cultural intricacy of belief systems and practicality of objects designed for everyday use.
Native American Art History suggests the indigenous tribal peoples did not experiment with various
art forms until the advent of the "colonial presence". It was through the social and cultural
interaction with Europeans that the tribal peoples were exposed to materials that were different from
those common to their understanding, such as beads.
Soon American Indian peoples mastered the art of beadwork and produced breathtaking artwork.
Highly complex beadwork was created by tribes according to practical appeal, beauty, and cultural
statement. Native American art history can be found at every place in America, each with its unique

The Mitchell Museum Of The American Indian Essay
The Mitchell Museum of the American Indian is located at 3001 Central Street in Evanston, Illinois.
The museum's main purpose is not only to educate the public about American Indians, but also to
"deconstruct stereotypes" and give tribal members something along the lines of a safe place where
they are welcome to embrace their ethnicity. One factor that showcases the information I previously
stated is the fact that tribal members have free admission into the museum. Another way the
museum salutes the ethnicity of American Indians is by commemorating Native individuals alive
today. Names of famous Native Americans are displayed along with their contributions to the ethnic
group. One of the people displayed is Sarah Deer, who is a professor and lawyer that fought for
Tribal Jurisdiction. Upon arrival, I was informed that the museum is divided by Tribes and the
regions in which each tribe was located. The museum is divided into Alaska/Canada, Northwest
Coast, Southwest, Plains, and Woodlands. The reason I think it is divided this way is so that every
person who visits has the ability to learn about each region of tribes separately. It is easy to make
assumptions that Native Americans were all the same, but the truth is that they were all unique. Each
tribe has their own customs, clothing, food, and ways of life. Another captivating aspect of the
museum are their display cases, filled with pottery and artifacts of each tribe. The Alaska/Canada
region includes tribes like the

Mary Musgrove's Role In Native American History
The diverse recognitions and accomplishments of many famous historical Native American women
has created them to be viewed as heroic figures, ultimately causing them to influence and improve
Native American history. Mary Musgrove was born in 1700 in Georgia, and was a member of the
Cherokee. She was a colonial American translator and negotiator for English and Yamacraw
ancestry. She facilitated in the development of Colonial Georgia and became an important negotiator
between the Muscogee Creek Indians and the English colonists. These two distinct societies caused
Musgrove to bridge the gap between them, ultimately causing her to become a cultural mediator,
who not only translated but advised those who acknowledged her capabilities and hardships. After
many years of attempting to unite two diverse worlds, she died in her sleep in 1767. Mary Musgrove
is known as an individual hero by Native American society because of her attempts to create a life
that merged both cultures and for fighting for ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
She was one of the first five wives of Chief Shaumonekusse of the Otoe tribe in the early 19th
century. In 1822, she accompanied her husband to Washington DC where she captivated McKinney,
the president of the US, his cabinet, and just about everyone she met with her attractive looks. The
Bureau of Indian Affairs commissioned Charles Bird King to paint portraits of her and her husband.
The beauty of Hayne singled her out from most Native American women, causing her to be included
in the government's commission of portraits. She is known as a heroic figure in Native American art
especially in the Otoe tribe for her recognition of being chosen by the bureau of indian affairs for the
beauty. Although the original portrait of Hayne was destroyed in a fire at the Smithsonian Institution
in 1865, a patron donated King's personal copy to the White House in 1962. Hayne Hudjihini died
from measles in 1882 in

Native American Art Of Navajo Blanket Weaving Essay
Native American Art of the Navajo–Blanket Weaving
Ingrid Anderson
Governors State University
Native American Art of the Navajo–Blanket Weaving
Native Americans are the indigenous people of the North American continent and the cultural
traditions and art forms are unique to these regional groups. The people in these groups have several
names and the first adopted name Indian by Spanish explorers proved erroneous, however, now
accepted names include either American Indian or Native American. I will refer to these groups as
Native Americans or by their tribal affiliation. There are diverse tribal groups original to North
America who lived on the Great Plains, in the Woodlands, on the Northwest coast, and in the
Southeast or the Southwest regions. Various Native American tribes created art forms such as the
Apache, Cherokee, Pueblo, and Hopi communities. In my research, I found that the Navajo also
contributed in many ways to Native American art through making jewelry, beading, drawing,
painting, sculpting, carving, and weaving. These art works provided their tribe notoriety with
countless "years of experience through their creativity and sense of design", lending to an
"astonishing volume and variety of artwork which has created a lasting legacy", per
NativeAmerican–Art.com (2010). Understandably, art comes in various forms and from various
cultures, but the Native American Navajo tribe contributed vastly and merits mention for its
beautiful contributions. Therefore, I

Shuswap Tribe Research Paper
Shuswap Native American Tribe The Native American Tribe, Shuswap originally called the Xatsu"ll
in the olden days. This tribe has many different weapons and tools(Cultures of the World Canada
book). Each of these weapons and tools are used and made in differents ways. But all their weapons
are important in its own way. The Shuswap tribe is very interesting and has much for you to learn
about. Each tool and weapon was made from certain items, and they each are used in a different
way. The Shuswap tribe uses many different kind of weapons ,armory, and tools . The weapons and
armory used is rod armor, elk–skin vests, shields, bow and arrows, short spears, wood, bone, stone
clubs, bone knives,axes, and atlatl .They never made any type of ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Stone axes are made from steel. Knives are made from sharpened stone , particularly flint , chert,
and obsidian. Bone and copper is last resorts , if used at all if is for crafts and and kitchen utensils
for preparing food . Armor and shields size and construction were round in shape and about 3 feet in
diameter and made of wood covered in layers of hardened rawhide. Rawhide is a hide or animal skin
that hasn't been exposed to tanning , this is skin usually comes from buffalo, deer, elk , and cattle .
Rawhide originates is prepared by removing all fur, meat , and fat from a animal. These shields are
designed to deflect arrows and other missile types of weapons. Rod armor is made out of
interlocking wooden plates and rods (native–languages.org/weapons). This was facts about the
Native American Shuswap Tribe. These indians were very crafty by creating their own weapons ,
tools, and armory . This Native American Shuswap tribe was very interesting and had a lot to learn
about. They have very interesting tools ,weapons, and armory. These tools and weapons had been
used in many different types of ways . Also they were made from different types of resources which
were very fascinating

The Navajo Ways of Life
Navajo Way of Life Kathleen E. St.Cyr ANT101 Jeffrey Ratcliffe July 16, 2012 Every culture has a
primary mode of subsistence that makes them unique. Among the Navajo culture their primary
mode of subsistence are pastoralists. Pastoralists have an impact on different aspects with in the
culture. The aspects that I will be discussing will be the Navajo's beliefs and values, sickness and
healing, kinship, and their social organization. "Pastoralists are those who regularly move in search
of naturally occurring grass and water." (Nowak & Laird, 2010) Navajo's are an Indian tribe that live
on reservations and sometimes reside on public domains outside of the reservations. The Navajo
nation is the largest reservation in North ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The healing ceremony, which is also called a "sing" is one of the most well–known. This is where
the sandpainting, like I talked about in the previous paragraph, is made by the medicine man. These
ceremonies are used to cope with the uncertainties and dangers that occur in the world as well. The
Navajo have a kinship system that follows the lineage of the woman. When a baby is born, he or she
belongs to the clan of the mother. Navajo children are "born to" the mother's clan and taker her clan
name, and are "born for" the father's clan. This way Navajos know who they are through
identification. When a man is ready to marry he is to marry someone outside of his clan. They
consider it incest if he was to marry someone in the same clan even though they are not blood
related. The clan name is passed from the mother to the child. The Navajo way a man is to introduce
himself to others by stating his maternal and paternal clans on both sides of his family. This is so
other Navajos know where you they came from. When two Navajos meet for the first time they refer
to each other as "brother" and 'sister." This for Americans would be cousins. Father's and mother's
cousins in the American way are thought of as aunts and uncles in the Navajo way. Grandparent's
brothers and sisters in the American way are thought of as grandma's and grandpa's in the Navajo
way. When a Navajo

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