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2. WHAT IS NATURE?
• ‘Nature’ is a term that refers to genetic material that controls once appearance,
temperaments and abilities. These are a present list that cannot be altered and is inherited
from the mother and father. Brain and physical development are pre-programmed. There is
a specific pattern for development and the time for each development phase is genetically
fixed.

3. WHAT IS NURTURE?
• ‘Nurture' refers to the environment the child is raised in. It includes the physical and
social forces that influence the child. The food, water , climate, physical atmosphere
at home, school , village or city and all physical facilities are included in the physical
forces while parents, members of the community, the means of mass
communication and recreation, religious places, clubs, libraries etc. Constitute the
social forces.

4. EXPERIMENTS TO STUDY THE IMPACT OF
NATURE AND NURTURE
• Identical twins, particularly those who are raised separately, are a natural way to view
nature versus nurture because they are exactly the same genetic. This means that a
large part of the differences between the two have something to do with nurture and
the environment they grew up in. Adopted children are also a good group to observe
because they are affected by nurture which is not administered by the same people
from whom they got their genes. This is a way to separate the nature and nurture
because of the sets of parents.

5. • The most famous case of identical twins that have been studied is the Jim
Twins. This is a case where the identical twins were separated and then adopted
one week after birth. Both families were told that the other had died at birth, but 39
years later one of the twins looked into his adoption and found that, was untrue.
They were then reunited at the age of 39 for the first time ever. This pair had an
amazing number of similarities.
• Both twins were named James.
• Both of them had a dog in their childhood who they named Toy.

6. • Both twins took family vacation to the same little beach in Florida.
• Both named their first children James Alan and James Allen respectively.
• Both twins drove light blue Chevrolet .
• Both twins smoked the same brand cigarettes and bit their finger nails constantly.
• This is obviously an extreme case but it is a good example of the effect of nature on
things other than basic personality traits.