10. Completion Evaluation
• Evaluating completion efficiency
• Detecting mechanical problems,
breakthrough, coning
• Providing guidance for workovers,
enhanced recovery projects
• Evaluating stimulation treatment
effectiveness
• Monitoring and profiling of production
and injection
11. Completion Evaluation
• Detecting thief zones, channeled
cement
• Single layer and multiple layer well test
evaluation
• Determining reservoir characteristics
• Identifying reservoir boundaries for
field development
12. Completion Evaluation
Production logging tools
– Spinner flow meters
– Radioactive tracer tools
– Fluid density tools
– Nuclear fluid density tools
– Temperature tools
– Noise tools
17. 0
2
4
6
8
10
0 40 80 120 160 200 240 280 320
Fluid velocity, ft/minute
Spinner
speed,
rps
rev/sec
(A) Continuous flowmeter
(small diameter)
I
d
e
a
l
s
l
o
p
e
=
0
.
0
5
r
p
s
s
l
o
p
e
=
0
.
0
4
0
r
p
s
/
(
f
t
/
m
i
n
)
V
f
=
3
.
5
f
t
/
m
i
n
Gas
at 14.7
psi
slope
=
0.025
rps/(ft/m
in)
V f
=
50
ft/m
in
W
a
t
e
r
0
2
4
6
8
10
0 40 80 120 160 200 240 280
Fluid velocity, ft/minute
Spinner
speed,
rps
rev/sec
(B) Fullbore continuous flowmeter
G
a
s
u
n
d
e
r
p
r
e
s
s
u
r
e
s
l
o
p
e
=
0
.
0
4
0
r
p
s
/
(
f
t
/
m
i
n
)
V
f
=
1
2
f
t
/
m
i
n
W
a
t
e
r
s
l
o
p
e
=
0
.
0
4
3
r
p
s
/
(
f
t
/
m
i
n
)
V
f
=
3
f
t
/
m
i
n
23. CCL
Electronic cartridge
Spinner section
Packer spring
Packer bag
Pump
Filter
Packer spring
Packer bag
Pump
Filter
Packer tube
Comumicatation
CCL cartridge
Electronic cartridge
Flowmeter
Water-cut meter
Densimeter
Fluid
entrance port
24.
25. Shut in three days
Well Sketch Continuous Flowmeter, rps Temperature
0 20 40 40°C 60°C 80°C
“F”
“E”
“D”
“C”
“B”
“A”
Shut in one day
During injection
Flowmeter
before
treatment
11.000 B/D
Flowmeter
after
treatment
23.000 B/D
26. Review of Flowmeter Types
• Stationary
• Continuous
– In-situ calibration (takes
time but arguably more
valid than a chart as it
takes actual tool
characteristics into
account)
– Medium to high flow-
rates. Poor sensitivity to
low rates, especially in
multi-phase flow
– Interpretation becomes
difficult in multi-phase
flow, especially in
inclined pipe
– Point measurements
– Lab-derived response
chart
– Low to medium flow
rates. (pressure
differential across the
sealing element induces
leaks and eventually
moves the tool)
– Converging effect tends
to homogenize fluid
mixture in relatively
narrow tool body - better
interpretation in multi-
phase flow.
27.
28. Completion Evaluation
• Radioactive Tracer Tools
– Can be placed into the following two
categories:
Ê Gamma ray tools without
downhole ejectors for releasing
radioactive material
Ê Gamma ray tools with downhole
ejectors and multiple gamma ray
detectors
37. Completion Evaluation
• Temperature Tools
– Detection of gas production via the cooling
effect of expanding gas
– Qualitative evaluation of fluid flow indicated
by departures from the geothermal gradient
– Temperature information for PVT equations
– Evaluation of fracture treatments
– Evaluation of mechanical integrity of a
completion
45. Cement Evaluation
• Cement bond log (CBL)
• Variable density log (VDL)
• Compensated cement bond log
• Cement evaluation tools (CET)
46.
47. Cement Evaluation
• The cement bond log (CBL)
– The CBL, later combined with the
VDL waveform, has been for many
years the primary way to evaluate
cement quality. The principle of
measurement is to record the transit
time and attenuation of an acoustic
wave after propagation through the
borehole fluid and casing wall.
48. Cement Evaluation
• Compensated Cement Bond Tool
– A newer generation tool that is lighter
and more flexible for use in deviated
holes. The principle of the
measurement consists of recording
two sets of receiver amplitudes and
computing their ratio. This ratio is
then used to compute attenuation.
49. Cement Evaluation
• Cement Evaluation Tool
– This tool evaluates the quality of the
cementation in eight directions with
very fine vertical resolution.
