4. Who are Detection Services?
Detection Services (DS) provides a broad range of water loss
management solutions for the water industry:
• Leak Detection
• Flow & Pressure Monitoring.
• District Metered Area (DMA) and Pressure Managed Area (PMA)
planning and analysis.
• Satellite Monitoring
• Pipeline and Valve Condition Assessment
• Pump Efficiency Testing
• Meter Testing and Verification
• Valve Operations and Management
• Permanent Monitoring
5. Who are Detection Services?
• Over 170,000kms of water mains tested.
• One of the most experienced non-revenue water service
providers in Australasia.
• Clients throughout Australia, New Zealand, Pacific Islands
and Asia.
• Strong enquiry from UK and USA.
6.
7. What is p-CAT™?
Pipeline Conditional Assessment Technology or p-CAT™
• Developed by the University of Adelaide (UofA)
• Non-invasive diagnosis of pipeline condition
• Long distance scanning tool
• Minimal disruption of service
8. What is p-CAT™?
• Patented technique proven by extensive validation testing
• Based on Transient Pressure Wave technology
• Provides significant information about a pipe system
• 17 years of research and development by the UofA
• DS is putting p-CAT™ to practical use
9. What is p-CAT™?
Non-invasive - Non-destructive - Reliable - Safe - Low cost
• Can be conducted while system is in operation
• Applicable to many kilometre sections
• Identifies short sections of localised damage
10. What is p-CAT™?
Non-invasive - Non-destructive - Reliable - Safe - Low cost
• Limits the repairs and replacements to only sections in need
of attention
• Extends the life of your assets
• Defers the need for replacement
11.
12. How does p-CAT™ work?
Transients (small water hammer events) are a natural
continuously occurring phenomena in pipeline networks.
Transients react to:
Changes in diameter,
Changes in pipe material,
Corroded or damaged sections
Analysis of partially transmitted and
reflected transient back along the pipe. Typically < 50 kPa.
14. Micro-reflections result from changes of pipe properties.
Micro-reflections are detected by the transducers.
Transducer 1 Transducer 2
Time (sec)
Pressure
Pressure change due to initial
transient measured at Transducer 2
Pressure change due to micro-reflections
measured at Transducer 1
Time (sec)
Pressure
Analysis of pressure measurements
provides insight on location and
nature of defects.
Transient
generation
Pressure wave is
generated
Pipe change causes
wave reflection
Pipe change causes
wave reflection
16. How does p-CAT™ work?
𝑎 =
𝐾
𝜌 𝑊
1 + 𝐾
𝐸 𝑚
𝐷
𝑒 𝑒𝑞
𝜓
a = speed of propagation of hydraulic transient pressure wave
K = bulk modulus of water
ρ = density of water
E = Young’s modulus of elasticity of the pipeline wall material
D = internal diameter of the pipeline
eeq = wall thickness of a single material pipe
or
the total equivalent wall thickness of composite material pipe
ψ = pipeline restraint factor.
17.
18. The advantages of p-CAT™
• p-CAT™ can be economically used to scan long
lengths of pipe to determine the location of
faults and extent of deterioration in need of
further investigation.
• Point methods can then be used effectively to
determine the extent of the fault or
deterioration.
20. The advantages of p-CAT™
Average remaining wall is
determined to be 83% remaining
using continuous low resolution
method(s)
30%
85% wall thickness remaining 85% wall thickness remaining
10m
Specific non-continuous test locations
determine that the remaining wall is
85% intact.
Missing the 10m section of
deteriorated wall.
22. The advantages of p-CAT™
• Metallic, concrete and asbestos cement
pipes
• Non-invasive : connects to existing assets
• Non-destructive : No pipe excavation
necessary
• 20m section resolution among kilometres of
pipe
• Determine the sealing condition of valves in
the system
23.
24. p-CAT™ limitations
• Longer sections of pipe are more
cost effective than shorter
• Generally 2km minimum limit
• The more information provided
about the pipe the better the results
• High gas content can affect
resolution
25.
26. How can we help you?
For more information on how p-CAT™ can ultimately reduce
your maintenance and replacement costs, contact us for an
obligation free assessment of your pipeline’s suitability.
Editor's Notes
Transition slide
NO CLICKS NEEDED TO ANIMATE
NO CLICKS NEEDED TO ANIMATE
NO CLICKS NEEDED TO ANIMATE
Having surveyed over 170,000kms of water mains, Detection Services is proud to be one of the most experienced non-revenue water service providers in Australasia.
We have provided customised solutions to clients in New Zealand, Australia, Pacific Islands and Asia
Transition slide
NO CLICKS NEEDED TO ANIMATE
NO CLICKS NEEDED TO ANIMATE
The University of Adelaide has developed a technology that enables the simultaneous non-invasive diagnosis of pipeline condition over long distances along pipelines with minimal disruption of current services. This technology is called pipeline conditional assessment technology or p-CAT™.
After 17 years of research and development by the University of Adelaide, Detection Services is putting p-CAT™ to practical use.
Validation of the technique conducted on field pipelines by Detection Services and the University of Adelaide has shown that measured transient pressure wave traces used in p-CAT™ can provide significant amounts of information about a pipe system.
NO CLICKS NEEDED TO ANIMATE
The University of Adelaide has developed a technology that enables the simultaneous non-invasive diagnosis of pipeline condition over long distances along pipelines with minimal disruption of current services. This technology is called pipeline conditional assessment technology or p-CAT™.
Validation of the technique conducted on field pipelines by Detection Services and the University of Adelaide has shown that measured transient pressure wave traces used in p-CAT™ can provide significant amounts of information about a pipe system.
After 17 years of research and development by the University of Adelaide, Detection Services is putting p-CAT™ to practical use.
NO CLICKS NEEDED TO ANIMATE
Until now pipe condition assessment can incur large costs due to the available low resolution of current methods. The replacement of large lengths of good condition pipe result, rather than targeting only the damaged sections.
p-CAT™ is a non-invasive, non-destructive, reliable and safe method of performing pipe condition assessment while the pipeline system is in operation. It is a pipe screening tool with the ability to test long sections (many kilometres) quickly to identify small localised “hot spots” out of thousands of metres of pipe.
p-CAT™ is a low cost solution for large and small scale pipeline condition assessment.
p-CAT™ is able to locate defects in your pipeline, limiting the repairs and replacements to only sections in need of attention, extending the life of your assets and deferring replacement.
NO CLICKS NEEDED TO ANIMATE
Until now pipe condition assessment can incur large costs due to the available low resolution of current methods. The replacement of large lengths of good condition pipe result, rather than targeting only the damaged sections.
p-CAT™ is a non-invasive, non-destructive, reliable and safe method of performing pipe condition assessment while the pipeline system is in operation. It is a pipe screening tool with the ability to test long sections (many kilometres) quickly to identify small localised “hot spots” out of thousands of metres of pipe.
p-CAT™ is a low cost solution for large and small scale pipeline condition assessment.
p-CAT™ is able to locate defects in your pipeline, limiting the repairs and replacements to only sections in need of attention, extending the life of your assets and deferring replacement.
Transition slide
NO CLICKS NEEDED TO ANIMATE
NO CLICKS NEEDED TO ANIMATE
Transients, or small water hammer events, are a natural continuously occurring phenomena in pipeline networks. The transients arise from the fluid acceleration (or deceleration) associated with the constantly varying demands at the supply points of the network. The water hammer waves propagate unimpeded through smooth uniform sections of pipe. However, as the waves arrive at changes in the cross-sectional properties of the pipeline (such as junctions, changes in diameter, changes in pipe material, or corroded or damaged sections of pipe), they are partially transmitted and reflected. In this manner, the properties of the system are encoded, or embedded, in the behaviour of the water hammer waves.
Transition slide
NO CLICKS NEEDED TO ANIMATE
NO CLICKS NEEDED TO ANIMATE
A pipeline system under test is instrumented with numerous pressure transducers
A controlled water hammer event is induced within the system,
The pressure variation response of the water hammer wave is measured at the transducer locations.
From the resulting measured pressure trace, signal processing techniques can be used to make inferences as to the properties of the pipeline system.
In this manner, such techniques hold analogies to sonar and radar systems where waves (acoustic and electromagnetic) are transmitted into the surrounding environment and bounced off remote objects in an attempt to identify the object.
Transition slide
NO CLICKS NEEDED TO ANIMATE
NO CLICKS NEEDED TO ANIMATE
It is the dependency between the changes in the metal thickness (and cement mortar lining) with the wave speed of the transient that gives rise to the observed reflections which can, in turn, be used to classify the condition of the pipeline. This relationship between wavespeed and pipe wall elasticity can be theoretically predicted by the following equation:
For cement mortar lined pipeline, the contribution of the cement mortar lining can be included as an equivalent thickness of steel.
The wave speed of a section of pipeline is extremely sensitive to the combined effect of the loss of the cement mortar lining, corrosion of the metal wall and slight increase in the internal diameter of the pipeline. For example, the wave speed can decrease from 1,015 m/s to 825 m/s for a 1.5 mm reduction in metal wall thickness. As a consequence, the magnitude and frequency of reflections following a transient will increase as the wavefront moves along a section of pipeline that is damaged. The wave speed is also sensitive to the reduction of wall thickness caused by external corrosion (that is, pipe wall thinning should give slower wave speed and a micro-reflection regardless of whether it is due to external or internal corrosion).
