The document discusses a study of soil profile in a field. It defines soil as being made up of mineral material, organic material, air and water. The soil profile is described as the vertical section exposed when a hole is dug from the surface to the bedrock. It identifies the major horizons found in a soil profile from top to bottom as O, A, B, C, and R horizons. The document also discusses soil structure, composition, color, and the components that make up the regolith within the soil profile.

1. Study of Soil Profile in Field
NAME – KAPIL SHARMA
ADM NO.- 19SBAS2080011

2. SOIL
• Major Part of the natural environment.
• Vital to the existence of life on the planet.
• Soil is the result of the process of the gradual
breakdownn of the rock, such as weathering and erosion
• Soil is made up from four constituents.
Mineral material , organic material , Air and water.

3. Soil Profile
• The soil profile is one of the most important
concepts in soil science.
• The soil profile is defined as a vertical section of
the soil that is exposed when a soil pit ,or hole is
dug from the surface of the soil to the underlying
bedrock.

4. Soil Structure
• Combination or Arrangement of primary
soil particles.
• Soil particles are:-
Sand
Silt
Clay

5. Soil Composition
• Soil composition is an important aspect of
nutrient management.
• The basic components of soil are:
Minerals/Nutrients 45%
Organic matter 5%
Water 25%
Air 25%

6. Soil Colour
• Two Types of soil on the basis of colour
1) Dark colour soil
2) Light Colour Soil
1. Dark Colour Soil :
 Rich with a lot or organic matters.
2. Light Colour soil
 Not so rich with organic matters.

7. Components of soil profile
• A soil horizon makes up a distinct layer of soil.
• The soil profile extends from the soil surface to the
parent rock material.
• The regolith includes all of the weathered material
within the profile. The regolith has two components:
Solum
Saprolite/regolith

8. Master Horizons
• Horizonbased on colour,roots,structure,rock fragments.
• Master soil Horizonare depicted by a capital letter in the
order (from top to down):
• The master Horizonare represented by the letters:
 O Horizons
 A Horizon
 B Horizon
 C Horizon
 E Horizon
 R Horizon

9. Thank You……