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DNA,	
  The	
  Double-­Stranded	
  
                                                   By	
  Fardad	
  Firooznia	
  
                                     To	
  the	
  tune	
  of	
  America	
  the	
  Beautiful	
  
	
  
Oh	
  double	
  stranded	
  DNA	
  with	
  A,	
  T,	
  C,	
  and	
  G	
  
You	
  code	
  for	
  all	
  out	
  traits	
  and	
  any	
  peculiarity	
  
You	
  have	
  introns	
  dividing	
  the	
  genes	
  into	
  exons	
  
That	
  code	
  for	
  proteins	
  with	
  their	
  3	
  nucleotide	
  codons	
  
	
  
A	
  pairs	
  with	
  T,	
  C	
  pairs	
  with	
  G,	
  because	
  of	
  hydrogen	
  bonds	
  
These	
  pairings	
  are	
  what	
  create	
  the	
  uniform	
  ladder	
  rungs	
  
Much	
  stronger	
  covalent	
  bonds	
  hold	
  the	
  backbone	
  in	
  its	
  place	
  
The	
  phosphate	
  and	
  the	
  sugar,	
  deoxyribose	
  in	
  this	
  case	
  
	
  
If	
  there’s	
  a	
  change	
  in	
  the	
  DNA	
  it’s	
  a	
  cause	
  for	
  concern	
  
Mutations	
  in	
  the	
  codon	
  could	
  change	
  the	
  protein	
  in	
  turn	
  
The	
  source	
  for	
  all	
  variation	
  is	
  such	
  genetic	
  mutation	
  
That’s	
  subject	
  to	
  the	
  process	
  of	
  natural	
  selection	
  
	
  
Larger	
  scale	
  changes	
  in	
  the	
  chromosomes	
  are	
  other	
  means	
  
Inversion	
  of	
  a	
  segment	
  affects	
  linkage	
  of	
  genes	
  
The	
  segments	
  are	
  cut	
  in	
  their	
  backbone	
  of	
  sugar	
  and	
  P	
  
An	
  enzyme	
  must	
  ligate	
  them	
  now	
  from	
  P	
  to	
  shining	
  C	
  

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Double Stranded DNA

  • 1. DNA,  The  Double-­Stranded   By  Fardad  Firooznia   To  the  tune  of  America  the  Beautiful     Oh  double  stranded  DNA  with  A,  T,  C,  and  G   You  code  for  all  out  traits  and  any  peculiarity   You  have  introns  dividing  the  genes  into  exons   That  code  for  proteins  with  their  3  nucleotide  codons     A  pairs  with  T,  C  pairs  with  G,  because  of  hydrogen  bonds   These  pairings  are  what  create  the  uniform  ladder  rungs   Much  stronger  covalent  bonds  hold  the  backbone  in  its  place   The  phosphate  and  the  sugar,  deoxyribose  in  this  case     If  there’s  a  change  in  the  DNA  it’s  a  cause  for  concern   Mutations  in  the  codon  could  change  the  protein  in  turn   The  source  for  all  variation  is  such  genetic  mutation   That’s  subject  to  the  process  of  natural  selection     Larger  scale  changes  in  the  chromosomes  are  other  means   Inversion  of  a  segment  affects  linkage  of  genes   The  segments  are  cut  in  their  backbone  of  sugar  and  P   An  enzyme  must  ligate  them  now  from  P  to  shining  C