aramid fibers

1. ARAMID FIBERS
SOBH THEBO
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DEPARTMENT OF TEXTILE ENGINEERING
MEHRAN UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING &
TECHNOLOGY JAMSHORO

2. CONTENTS
 INTRODUCTION
 TYPES OF ARAMID
 PRODUCTION
 APPLICATIONS
 REFERENCES
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 FIBER PROPERTIES

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POLY-AMIDE FIBERS
Synthetic fibers of polymer containing amide linkages.
There are two types of Polyamide:
 NYLONS
Polyamides containing less than 85% amide linkages directly attached two
aromatic rings.
 ARAMIDS
Polyamides containing atleast 85% amide linkages directly
attached two aromatic rings.

4. INTRODUCTION TO ARAMIDS
“A manufactured fiber in which the fiber-forming substance is a long-
chain synthetic polyamide in which at least 85% of the amide (-CO-NH-)
linkages are attached directly between two aromatic rings”.
The term “aramid” is short for “aromatic polyamide”.
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5. 5
Aramid fibers of commercial stage are only four :
 poly(m-phenylene isophthalamide) (MPDI),
 poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) (PPTA),
 copoly(p-phenylene-3,4-diphenyl ether terephthalamide) (ODA-PPTA), and
 poly[5-amino-2(p-aminophenyl) benzimidazole terephthalamide] (SVM).

6. PRODUCTION
Produced by reaction of aromatic diacid chlorides with diamines in a
solvent.
Polymers are dry spun or wet spun, followed by stretching.
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• Spinning Solution
– 10-20 wt%
polymer
– 100% H2SO4

7. TYPES OF ARAMID
● Nomex (Meta-Aramid)
● Kevlar (Para-Aramid)
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8.  Poly-m-phenyleneisophthalamide was commercialized by
DuPont in 1967 as Nomex.
 poly (m-phenylenediamine isophthalamide called MPDI.
 Famous for thermal and electrical insulation.
NOMEX
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9. 9
NOMEX

10.  Synthetic para-aromatic polyamides led to the commercial
production of Kevlar aramid fiber by DuPont in 1971.
 Kevlar fibres are poly (p-phenylene terephthalamide)
(PPTA).
KEVLAR
 Famous for high modulus and high tenacity (HM-HT).
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11. KEVLAR
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12. ● High modulus
● High tensile strength at low weight
● High chemical resistance
● High toughness
● High cut resistance
● Flame resistant
● Low electrical conductivity
ARAMID FIBER PROPERTIES
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Kevlar
Nomex

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ARAMID FIBER PROPERTIES
DENSITY Nomex : 1.35 g/cm²
Kevlar : I .45 g/cm²
Nomex : Heat Resistant
Kevlar : High Strength & High Modulus
Moisture absorption Nomex : upto 4.3%
Kevlar : 6.5%
UV light absorption Nomex : low
Kevlar : High
COLOR Nomex : White
Kevlar : Golden
Dye Substantivity Nomex : Low
Kevlar : Low

14. APPLICATIONS
Composites: Ship building, civil engineering & ports good.
Protective apparels: Flame retardant textiles & cut protective apparels.
Tyres: Truck and aircraft tyres & High speed tyres.
Mechanical rubber goods: Conveyor belts ,Transmission belts & Hoses for automotive.
Friction products: Brake linings, clutch facings & industrial paper.
Ropes and cables: Aerial optical fibre cable, electro cable & Mechanical construction
cable.
Life protection: Bullet proof vests, helmets & vehicle protection.
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15. REFERNCES
 “High performance fibres” by JWS Hearle.
 https://www.slideshare.net/sakhizar/aramid-fibers-
47983957?next_slideshow=1.
 Bhattacharyya, D., & Fakirov, S. (Eds.).
(2012). Synthetic polymer-polymer composites.
Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH Co KG.
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16. THANK YOU!
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