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Zollinger ellison seminar
Zollinger-Ellison syndrome is caused by gastrin-secreting tumors called gastrinomas, which produce high levels of the hormone gastrin. This excess gastrin stimulates excess stomach acid production, leading to ulcers in the stomach and small intestine. Gastrinomas most commonly arise in the duodenum or pancreas. Treatment focuses on acid suppression with proton pump inhibitors to relieve symptoms and prevent new ulcers from forming. For malignant or metastatic gastrinomas, surgical removal can be attempted when possible, while other treatments like chemotherapy, somatostatin analogs, or targeted therapies may help control tumor growth.
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Editor's Notes
- #5 Vagal efferents release acetyl choline , which acts on M3 receptors that are present on parietal cells, resulting in increased acid production.
- #7 Large doses of insulin(.2.5 U/kg) causes marked hypergastrinemia by the release of histamine which is the kost important positive regulation mechanism of the secretion of gastric acid in the stomach. 12mg/kg of calcium gluconate over 3 hours causes the gastrin level to more than double in patients with gastrinoma. Activation of the calcium sensing receptors on the basal and apical surfaces of human G cells located in the antrum of the stomach stimulates gastrin and gastric acid secretion.