ZFS is an innovative file system that provides immense storage capacity, data integrity, and simplified administration. It was developed by Sun Microsystems and introduced in 2005. Key features of ZFS include its ability to detect and self-heal data errors, use copy-on-write transactions, and support up to 256 quadrillion zettabytes of storage in a single pool. While powerful, ZFS has some limitations around boot support and encryption. It is supported on Solaris and is being ported to other platforms like Linux and FreeBSD.

1. Zettabyte File Storage Systems Sameer Deshmukh Shri Guru Gobind Singhji Insitute of Engineering and Technology Nanded

2. Overview Introduction Evolution History Design Issues in ZFS Actual ZFS Benefits of ZFS ZFS Limitations Supported Platforms Conclusion References

3. Motivation ZFS an innovative approach in area of File Systems. ZFS is proved as Desktop to Data center. One of the Open Source Revolution.

4. Introduction ZFS Playing an important role in IT industry. Advanced than existing File Systems. Sooner will be spreading to UNIX, Linux or may be Windows. Immense Capacity. Simple Administration Provides Data Integrity. Performance

5. Historical Perspective. 80 great minds Led by Jeff Bonwick developed ZFS. Actual implementation started in year 2000. Announced on September 14,2004. Released on November 16,2005. Included in Sun Solaris on 06/06.

6. Design Issues In ZFS . Simplified Administration Main Task of Administrator. Sometimes may prone to errors. Solaris best option. Allows administrator to state his intent rather than to implement it. Reduced no of tasks and reduced time.

7. Cannot guarantee correct data End to end data integrity Hard to manage in slices Any number of slices Not Flexible and platform Flexible and platform dependent independent. Lack one to one association One to one association Pooled Storage

8. Data Integrity and Security . Disk should avoid corruption or rot or malicious In past dealing with file systems was like a nightmare Earlier version of UFS. ‘ fsck’ command . Mirrored disks Direct Region Logging (DRL)

9. Capacity of ZFS 128 bit file system 2^128, or 10^38 allocation units Nearly 256 Quadrillion Zettabytes 1 ZB = 1 billion TB

10. The Zettabyte File System Storage Model

11. Storage Pool Allocator Allocates block from all devices in a storage pool SPA presents itself as interface to allocate and free virtually addressed blocks DVA ( Data Virtual Addresses) DVA allows dynamic addition and removal of devices from storage pool SPA also simplifies administration Uses 128-bit block addresses, so each storage pool can address up to 256 quadrillion blocks

12. Error detection and Correction Block check summed before written to disk Check summed stored in parent block. Entire pool self validating Also allows self healing in some circumstances Virtual Device SPA allows mirroring, stripping,cocatenation Virtual device driver called vdews vedws has routines to implement a particular feature

13. Block Allocation devices Dynamic Stripping to increase bandwidth Slab Allocator to allocator Metaslabs useful as performance increases Slab Allocator provides Copy-On-Write Transaction Slab Allocator prevents fragmentation of memory

14. Data Management Unit DMA consumes blocks from SPA and exports objects Identification by 64 bit and contains 2^64 bytes of data along with all the manipulations On disk data is consistent Uberblock Uberblock mechanism Dynamic allocation of metadata is easier Advantages of DMU

15. Block Allocation devices

16. ZFS POSIX Layer ZPL makes DMU objects as like POSIX file systems Implements as like POSIX acts As transaction continues so no inconsistency is present on disk state No need to use mkfs command to create file systems Consist of logs due to which tracks of record is kept The intent log can log either to disk or to NVRAM.

17. Benefits of ZFS The Future Proof File System Cutting-Edge Data Integrity Near Platter Speed Volume Management is a Thing of the Past. Reduced Costs Compatibility

18. ZFS Limitations No BOOT Support. Lacks Transparent Encryption. Currently have n+1 redundancy. N+ 2 redundancy only in Development Environment.

19. Supported Platforms Sun SOLARIS OS. Available on SPARC and X86. Apple to interested to port in MAC OS. Linux too will have it in nearby future. Porting to Free BSD is in progress

20. Conclusion Easy and automated manageability. Data security and integrity. Virtually unlimited scalability. Services for demanding applications today and well into future.

21. Hey! Administrator you need not dig it or monitor it As I have Solaris ZFS

22. References ZFS overview- http://www.opensolaris.org/os/community/zfs/porting ZFS overview part 2- http://www.opensolaris.org/os/community/zfs/porting/zfs_part2_ease.html The Zettabyte file systems- Jeff Bonwick, Matt Ahrens, Val Henson, Mark Maybee, and Mark Shellenbaum 2002 Jeff Bonwick.-The slab allocator: An object-caching kernel memory allocator.Proceedings of the 1994 USENIX Summer Technical Conference, 1994. Sun Says File Systems Are An Important Differentiator http://www.itjungle.com/subs/ Breaking News.html

23. Open Solaris forum- http://src.opensolaris.org/ http://www.opensolaris.org/os/downloads/ http://www.opensolaris.org/os/community/zfs/docs / Solaris ZFS most advanced file systems on planet. -http://www.repton.co.uk/ HELIOS Software GmbH - Sun Solaris 10 ZFS offers blazing file system performance-http://www.helios.de/news/

24. Q ‘n’ A

25. Thank You!