The document discusses narrative theory and Gustav Freytag's analysis of dramatic structure. Freytag, a German novelist and playwright, developed what is known as "Freytag's pyramid" to describe the five-part structure of drama: exposition, rising action, climax, falling action, and dénouement. Although based on five-act plays, Freytag's pyramid can also be applied to novels and short stories. The pyramid analyzes the plot progression and resolution of conflicts in dramatic works.