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This document summarizes the fruit diversity found in the Poaceae family of plants, commonly known as grasses. It discusses three main types of fruit: 1) caryopsis, which is an indehiscent fruit that develops from a superior ovary with the pericarp fused to the seed coat, found in grains like wheat, rice, and maize; 2) dendrocalamus type fruit, which are small globular clusters found in some Asian bamboo genera; and 3) baccifera type fruit, which are pear-shaped and fleshy fruits rich in nutrients found in some bamboo species. References are provided for further information.
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- 1. University of Allahabad Department of botany (2022-2023) Topic: Fruit diversity in Poaceae Family Submitted to: Submitted By: Dr. Satya Narayan Sheela Verma Dr. Shweta Shekhar MSc. 2nd Sem
- 2. Distribution The family commonly known as grass family. It is one of the largest among the angiospermic families. It consist of 620 genera and 6,000 species. The plants represent 3 ecological types as hydrophyte, xerophyte and mesophyte. In India it is represented by 850 species.
- 3. Fruit • Caryopsis (achene with pericarp completely united adherent with the seed coat) or rarely nut (dendrocalamus) or berry (Bambusa). •Caryopsis- • Caryopsis is a type of indehiscent fruit. • They are develop from monocarpellary, superior ovary. • Pericarp of these fruit is fused with the seed coat. • Caryopsis is present in family Gramineae • Eg- wheat, rice maize
- 6. Maize Sorghum Barley Oats Wheat Rice
- 7. Dendrocalamus type fruit • A small genus of large Asian bamboos with long panicles of globular clusters of flowers succeeded by small fruit with thick hard walls. Baccifera type fruit- Baccifera fruit, the ecological significance of its fruiting. This pear-shaped , flashy bamboo fruit is rich in amino acid (Lysine) , sugar(sucrose) and phenolic (ferulic acid)
- 8. References • A. V. S. S. Sambamurty. ( 2005 ). - Taxonomy of Angiosperms. • O. P. Sharma (1993 ). – Plant Taxonomy. • Singh Pande Jain ( fourth edition). - A text book of botany ( Angiosperms) . Diagram – https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants. - https://en.m.wikipedia.org/.com.
- 9. • Thank you