Writing Process
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The document describes the writing process as having three main phases - prewriting, writing, and revising. In the prewriting phase, the writer analyzes the purpose and audience to determine the best communication channel. During the writing phase, the writer conducts research, organizes their ideas with an outline, and writes a first draft. In the revising phase, the writer edits for conciseness, clarity, and vigor, then proofreads the final draft. The writing process is iterative and encourages repeating any phase as needed.
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The participants of the workshop are invited to discuss such issues as writing as an end vs. writing as a process, assessment of written papers, and strategies and techniques of teaching writing. They will do and analyze some activities and tasks that foster better writing. Activities on paragraph level are a special emphasis at the workshop.
Letting go of the words – an overview
This document provides an overview and guidelines for writing effective web content. It discusses communicating clearly with the audience by focusing on essential messages, using a scannable inverted pyramid style. It also covers designing user-friendly web pages with consistent layouts and active spacing. Specific tips are provided for tuning up sentences to use an informal, personal tone and active voice. The document concludes with guidelines for using illustrations to support the content and designing effective press releases.
Letting go of the words – an overview
This document provides an overview and guidelines for writing effective web content. It discusses communicating clearly with the audience by focusing on essential messages and easy-to-use design. Specific tips include using the inverted pyramid style, layering information from brief to more detailed, consistent yet obvious design elements, active spacing, and avoiding passive voice and unnecessary words. Images should illustrate concepts and support text. Press releases should have short sections and formats like headings, lists and links. The overall goal is to make information easily scannable and understandable for users.
Hardcopy of "Basics of effective writing","Business letters-types,purpose and...
The document provides information about effective writing and business letters. It discusses basics of effective writing such as having a clear purpose, main point, and supporting details. It also covers common writing mistakes to avoid like redundancy, unfamiliar terms, and poor grammar/spelling. The document then discusses basics of business letters like planning, sincerity, simplicity, and clarity. It covers types, purposes, and layout of business letters.
Bus Com Chapter 5 Notes
This document provides guidance on writing effective emails and memos. It discusses analyzing the structure of emails and memos, which includes the subject line, opening, body and closing. It also provides tips for formatting emails, using email smartly and safely, and writing plans for different types of emails and memos.
Business Comunications Chapter 5 Notes
This document provides guidance on writing effective emails and memos. It discusses analyzing the structure of emails and memos, which includes the subject line, opening, body and closing. It also provides tips for formatting emails, using email smartly and safely, and writing plans for different types of emails and memos.
Women in Mining Conference: Business Communication and Report-writing
The document discusses effective communication skills and report writing. It defines effective communication and outlines barriers to effective communication such as intra-personal and interpersonal barriers. It provides tips for improving interpersonal communication skills such as tailoring messages to the audience, using clear language, and asking for feedback. The document also discusses non-verbal communication, report writing best practices including using an inverted pyramid structure, and the report writing process from planning to submitting the final draft.
T e a c h i n g C a s e R e s o u r c e s f r o m t h e
T e a c h i n g C a s e R e s o u r c e s f r o m t h e E v a n s S c h o o l o f P u b l i c A f f a i r s
T h e
E l e c t r o n i c H a l l w a y ®
Box 353060 · University of Washington · S e a t t l e W A 9 8 195-3060 www.hallway.org
This teaching resource was written by J. Patrick Dobel, Daniel J. Evans School of Public Affairs, University of Washington;
Richard Elmore, Harvard University Graduate School of Education; and Laurie Werner, Daniel J. Evans School of Public
Affairs, University of Washington.
The Electronic Hallway is administered by the University of Washington's Daniel J. Evans School of Public Affairs. This
material may not be altered or copied without written permission from The Electronic Hallway. For permission, email
[email protected], or phone (206) 616-8777. Electronic Hallway members are granted copy permission for
educational purposes per the Member’s Agreement (www.hallway.org).
Copyright 2003 The Electronic Hallway
MEMO WRITING
This note introduces memo writing to students training for careers in public service.
It focuses on memos rather than research papers or essays, because memos pervade the
daily life of any public servant.
A memo is a relatively short, written document. Memos address specific people or
groups for the purpose of recording an agreement, transmitting information, making a
case, or enabling action. Brevity is essential; most decision makers have little time and
must assimilate memo contents quickly. Long memos don’t get read.
Think of a memo as a precision tool. Tools may be beautiful things in themselves, but we
measure their value by how well they perform a task. In practical terms, every aspect of a
memo – its prose style, organization, appearance on the page and content – should have a
direct relationship to its purpose. Long flowery introductions, technical jargon, casual
chit-chat, and showy vocabulary all distract from a memo's essential purpose: to inform
or to enable action.
This note deals with four topics: identifying your audience or principal; getting yourself
engaged in writing; using language; and organizing the final product. Added to these are
notes on e-mail communications.
Know Your Audience or Principal
Specific people read memos. The more vaguely defined the target audience, the more
difficult for the writer to decide what to say. Knowing your audience is of primary
importance in memo writing. Ask yourself three questions about your audience: who are
they, what do they need to know, and how should you present it to them?
• Who is the audience of your memo? Memos are directed at decision makers.
Usually you write a memo for an individual or group to help them make a
decision. To influence decision makers, you must give considerable thought to
who they are. You have a duty to provide them with timely, accurate, and
comprehensive analysis.
2
• Wh ...
Elements and mechanical effectiveness of written communication
This document discusses elements of effective written communication, including structure, style, and content. It provides tips for each element to improve clarity, readability, and effectiveness. Structure refers to layout and logical organization. Style considers word choice, sentence structure, and appropriate tone. Content ensures the right information is conveyed and the objective is clear. Overall, taking time to carefully craft written messages allows for editing and ensures the intended meaning is delivered.
Business writing and communication best practices
The document provides an overview of best practices for business writing and communication. It discusses effective and ethical communication, including recognizing communication barriers and evaluating ethics. It also addresses professionalism in the workplace, intercultural communication, various writing tips, and positive and negative messages. The document reviews different communication channels, such as email, letters, oral communication, and text/IM. It provides guidance on business writing techniques including the prewriting, writing, and revising process.
STIMULATING THE PHILIPPINES WORKPLACE
The document discusses principles of professional writing and communication in the workplace. It covers topics such as writing memos, letters, emails, cover letters and resumes. It provides guidelines on style, language, formatting and design for different types of professional documents. The objectives are to learn how to construct basic workplace documents, write effective job application materials, and prepare for job interviews.
Critical thinking/reading solo e
This document provides guidance on using evidence such as quotes, paraphrases, and summaries in academic writing. It defines each type of evidence and how to properly integrate it into a paper. Quotes should be presented verbatim within quotation marks, while paraphrasing restates the idea in your own words without changing the meaning. Summaries distill the main idea in a few sentences using different wording. The document also discusses strategies for citing sources in-text and avoiding common pitfalls with each evidence type like failing to explain the significance or including too many of the original words.
Writing For The Web
The document provides tips for effective web writing compared to print writing. It discusses how people consume information differently online by skimming and scanning rather than reading linearly. Web writing should focus on useful content over promotional fluff by directly addressing the needs and goals of the target audience. Tips include using clear headings and formatting like bullet points, writing concisely with an active voice, and optimizing content for search engines and mobile screens. The key is understanding audiences and providing exactly what they need to complete their tasks quickly.
Writing
The document provides guidance on writing effective business messages and letters. It discusses analyzing the purpose and audience, adapting the message to the task and audience, using reader-focused language, and formatting letters properly. Key recommendations include focusing on the receiver, using concise and precise language, emphasizing important ideas, and discussing only one topic per paragraph for coherence.
Similar to Writing Process (20)
Hardcopy of "Basics of effective writing","Business letters-types,purpose and...
Hardcopy of "Basics of effective writing","Business letters-types,purpose and...
Women in Mining Conference: Business Communication and Report-writing
Women in Mining Conference: Business Communication and Report-writing
T e a c h i n g C a s e R e s o u r c e s f r o m t h e
T e a c h i n g C a s e R e s o u r c e s f r o m t h e
Elements and mechanical effectiveness of written communication
Elements and mechanical effectiveness of written communication
Writing Process
- 1. http://www.linkedin.com/in/allenvalentine The Writing Process “Put it before them briefly so they will read it, clearly so they will appreciate it, picturesquely so they will remember it, and above all, accurately so they will be guided by its light.” – Joseph Pulitzer F About.com: Quotations . (N.D). Quotes About Writing. Retrieved June 02, 2010 from http://quotations.about.com/cs/inspirationquotes/a/Writing2.htm F
- 3. Guides the author to carefully plan, research and revise the message
- 4. Encourages repetition of any or all phases as necessaryPhase 1 Prewriting Revising Phase 2 Phase 3 Three Phases of the Writing Process The Writing Process Guffey, M. E. (2010). Essentials of Business Communications (8th Ed). Mason, OH: South-Western Cengage Learning
- 6. Anticipating
- 10. Cost
- 11. Level of formality desired
- 12. Sensitivity and need of a permanent recordPrewriting Video conference Phone call Face to face Instant Message Memo Blog Wiki Email Letter Report Voice mail The Writing Process Guffey, M. E. (2010). Essentials of Business Communications (8th Ed). Mason, OH: South-Western Cengage Learning
- 14. Anticipating
- 16. Be empathetic to your audience needs
- 17. Highlight audience benefits
- 18. Focus on the “You” view, not “I/We” view
- 19. Use professional and courteous language
- 20. Use inclusive (common gender) language Prewriting I want input for my decision by the end of the week. Your input will be valuable for our decision this week. The Writing Process Guffey, M. E. (2010). Essentials of Business Communications (8th Ed). Mason, OH: South-Western Cengage Learning
- 22. Create an outline with your main topic and key points
- 23. Avoid information overlap in your sub topics
- 24. Refer to your audience analysis for pattern:
- 25. Direct Pattern (key thought expressed early / audience pleased, interested)
- 26. Indirect Pattern (key thought expressed later / audience is unwilling, hostile)
- 27. Researching
- 28. Organizing
- 29. ComposingDirect Pattern ~~ ~ Good news ~~~~~~~~ ~~ ~~~ ~ ~~~ ~~ ~ ~~~ ~~~ ~~ ~~~~~ ~~ ~~ ~~~~~ ~~ Indirect Pattern ~~~~~~~~ ~~ ~~~ ~ ~~~ ~~ ~ ~~~ ~~~ ~~ ~~~~~ ~~ ~~ ~~~~~ ~~ ~~~ ~~ ~~~ Bad news ~~~~ ~~~~ ~~ ~~~ ~~~ The Writing Process Guffey, M. E. (2010). Essentials of Business Communications (8th Ed). Mason, OH: South-Western Cengage Learning
- 31. Varying among simple, compound & complex sentences
- 32. Leveraging techniques for emphasis
- 34. Building powerful and coherent paragraphs
- 35. Researching
- 36. Organizing
- 37. ComposingWrite freely and quickly, with little attention to refinement. Your message will not be perfect the first time. “I'm not a very good writer, but I'm an excellent rewriter.” ~James Michener E Quote Garden. (N.D). Quotes About Writing. Retrieved June 09, 2010 from http://www.quotegarden.com/writing.html E The Writing Process Guffey, M. E. (2010). Essentials of Business Communications (8th Ed). Mason, OH: South-Western Cengage Learning
- 40. Make the same point with less words
- 41. Remove flabby sentences
- 43. Clear
- 44. Drop trite expressions like “pursuant to your request”
- 45. Don’t use insider jargon and slang
- 46. Avoid clichés
- 47. Vigorous
- 48. Be direct
- 49. Avoid excessive exuberance
- 50. Be preciseRevising “We really hit a homerun with this account.” The Writing Process Guffey, M. E. (2010). Essentials of Business Communications (8th Ed). Mason, OH: South-Western Cengage Learning
- 53. Spelling
- 54. Grammar
- 55. Punctuation
- 56. Names and numbers
- 57. Formatting
- 58. Tips
- 59. Allow plenty of time for proofreading
- 60. Don’t rely exclusively on spell check
- 61. Have your message read aloudRevising The Writing Process Guffey, M. E. (2010). Essentials of Business Communications (8th Ed). Mason, OH: South-Western Cengage Learning
- 62. The Writing Process Writers are encouraged to repeat phases as necessary The Writing Process Guffey, M. E. (2010). Essentials of Business Communications (8th Ed). Mason, OH: South-Western Cengage Learning