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By Guransh Sethi
⬥MAIN Causes of WWI
1.Militarism – the aggressive build-
up of a nations armed forces.
2.Alliances – nations formed
partnerships to help protect and
defend themselves.
3.Imperialism – stronger nations
began to take over weaker
nations.
4.Nationalism – everybody thought
their nation was the best.
3
The First World War:
•War involving nearly all the nations of the
world
•1914-1918
What?
When?
4
The First World War:
Why? Long term -
1. Alliance system
2. Imperialist
Competition
3. Stockpiling of
Weapons
Short term -
Assassination of
Franz Ferdinand of
the Austro-Hungarian
Empire
Austria - Franz Ferdinand & daughter of Leopold
Salvator. Upper right: Cardinal Nagle
5
The First World War:
Who?
Germany
Austria-Hungary
Ottoman Empire
Bulgaria
Russia
France
Great Britain
Italy
Japan
United States (1917)
Central Powers: Allies:
6
Why did it take so long for America
to get involved in the war?
•America was isolationist
•“Why should I get involved in someone
else’s problems”
Ask yourself:
•Is isolationism really an option for a
country as powerful as the United States?
8
Which side should the US pick?
•11 million German-
Americans
•Irish-Americans
hated Great Britain
•Close cultural ties
•Shared
transatlantic cables
(so censored stories)
•Big business loaned
much $ to allies
Central Powers: Allies:
US Exports to both sides:
9
What did it take to get the US involved?
1. Blockades
•Britain blockaded (stopped) all German ships
going to America
•Germany announced a submarine war around
Britain
10
What did it take to get the US involved?
1. Blockades
•In May, 1915 Germany told Americans to stay
off of British ships
•They could/would sink them
11
What did it take to get the US involved?
1. Blockades
•Lusitania torpedoed,
sinking with 1200
passengers and crew
(including 128
Americans)
•Was eventually found to
be carrying 4200 cases
of ammunition
12
What did it take to get the US involved?
1. Blockades
•The US sharply criticized Germany for their
action
•Germany agreed not to sink passenger ships
without warning in the future
13
What did it take to get the US involved?
2. Unlimited Submarine Warfare
•1917 Germany announced “unlimited submarine
warfare” in the war zone
Why? Otherwise their blockade would not be
successful
14
What did it take to get the US involved?
3. Zimmerman Note
•US intercepted a note from Germany to
Mexico
•It promised Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona
back in return for an alliance
15
What did it take to get the US involved?
•Zimmerman Note and the sinking of 4
unarmed American ships led to a declaration
of war
16
Examine the issue:
•Should we tell the story of WWI with
Germany as the “bad guy”? Explain.
17
How was the war looking for the allies?
•Russia left the war after its communist revolution
in 1917
•Made it a one front war for Germany - all its
troops could concentrate on France
Not Good...
18
Convincing the American People
Posters - Gee!!
•How do you think this
poster helped to
convince the American
people that the war
was a good idea?
19
Convincing the American People
1. War to End All Wars
Idealism: 2 Goals For War:
2. Making the World Safe for Democracy
20
Convincing the American People
Idealism: Fourteen Points
What? President
Wilson’s Plan for after
the war
•Fourteen
promises, including
freedom of the seas
& a League of
Nations to work for
peace
President Woodrow Wilson
21
What did the US do to help?
•US provided the food, money, and fresh
troops needed to win the war
Supplies:
22
How did the War Affect the US?
Women
•Women filled factory jobs
•May have led 19th Amendment after the
war (Gave women the right to vote)
•Black soldiers still served in Segregated
Units
African Americans
•“Great Migration” - thousands of African
Americans moved North to work in
factories
23
How did the War Affect the US?
Enforcing Loyalty
•Hatred of all things German
•Ex. “Liberty Cabbage”
•Espionage Act 1917 & Sedition Act of
1918 punished those against the war
(many labor leaders)

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World War 1

  • 2. ⬥MAIN Causes of WWI 1.Militarism – the aggressive build- up of a nations armed forces. 2.Alliances – nations formed partnerships to help protect and defend themselves. 3.Imperialism – stronger nations began to take over weaker nations. 4.Nationalism – everybody thought their nation was the best.
  • 3. 3 The First World War: •War involving nearly all the nations of the world •1914-1918 What? When?
  • 4. 4 The First World War: Why? Long term - 1. Alliance system 2. Imperialist Competition 3. Stockpiling of Weapons Short term - Assassination of Franz Ferdinand of the Austro-Hungarian Empire Austria - Franz Ferdinand & daughter of Leopold Salvator. Upper right: Cardinal Nagle
  • 5. 5 The First World War: Who? Germany Austria-Hungary Ottoman Empire Bulgaria Russia France Great Britain Italy Japan United States (1917) Central Powers: Allies:
  • 6. 6 Why did it take so long for America to get involved in the war? •America was isolationist •“Why should I get involved in someone else’s problems”
  • 7. Ask yourself: •Is isolationism really an option for a country as powerful as the United States?
  • 8. 8 Which side should the US pick? •11 million German- Americans •Irish-Americans hated Great Britain •Close cultural ties •Shared transatlantic cables (so censored stories) •Big business loaned much $ to allies Central Powers: Allies: US Exports to both sides:
  • 9. 9 What did it take to get the US involved? 1. Blockades •Britain blockaded (stopped) all German ships going to America •Germany announced a submarine war around Britain
  • 10. 10 What did it take to get the US involved? 1. Blockades •In May, 1915 Germany told Americans to stay off of British ships •They could/would sink them
  • 11. 11 What did it take to get the US involved? 1. Blockades •Lusitania torpedoed, sinking with 1200 passengers and crew (including 128 Americans) •Was eventually found to be carrying 4200 cases of ammunition
  • 12. 12 What did it take to get the US involved? 1. Blockades •The US sharply criticized Germany for their action •Germany agreed not to sink passenger ships without warning in the future
  • 13. 13 What did it take to get the US involved? 2. Unlimited Submarine Warfare •1917 Germany announced “unlimited submarine warfare” in the war zone Why? Otherwise their blockade would not be successful
  • 14. 14 What did it take to get the US involved? 3. Zimmerman Note •US intercepted a note from Germany to Mexico •It promised Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona back in return for an alliance
  • 15. 15 What did it take to get the US involved? •Zimmerman Note and the sinking of 4 unarmed American ships led to a declaration of war
  • 16. 16 Examine the issue: •Should we tell the story of WWI with Germany as the “bad guy”? Explain.
  • 17. 17 How was the war looking for the allies? •Russia left the war after its communist revolution in 1917 •Made it a one front war for Germany - all its troops could concentrate on France Not Good...
  • 18. 18 Convincing the American People Posters - Gee!! •How do you think this poster helped to convince the American people that the war was a good idea?
  • 19. 19 Convincing the American People 1. War to End All Wars Idealism: 2 Goals For War: 2. Making the World Safe for Democracy
  • 20. 20 Convincing the American People Idealism: Fourteen Points What? President Wilson’s Plan for after the war •Fourteen promises, including freedom of the seas & a League of Nations to work for peace President Woodrow Wilson
  • 21. 21 What did the US do to help? •US provided the food, money, and fresh troops needed to win the war Supplies:
  • 22. 22 How did the War Affect the US? Women •Women filled factory jobs •May have led 19th Amendment after the war (Gave women the right to vote) •Black soldiers still served in Segregated Units African Americans •“Great Migration” - thousands of African Americans moved North to work in factories
  • 23. 23 How did the War Affect the US? Enforcing Loyalty •Hatred of all things German •Ex. “Liberty Cabbage” •Espionage Act 1917 & Sedition Act of 1918 punished those against the war (many labor leaders)