This document provides an overview of Git and GitHub for contributing to open source projects during Hacktoberfest. It defines version control systems and how Git is a distributed VCS that allows developers to work asynchronously. Key Git commands and GitHub workflows are described, including creating branches, committing changes, and submitting pull requests. The steps for contributing to projects during Hacktoberfest via forking repositories and making pull requests are also outlined.

1. Presented by
Repertoire of Contributions
Day 2
“Hands-on-session on Git and GitHub”
Brought to you by

2. Today's Agenda💮
❏ What Is Git? 🤔
❏ Git Commands 😉
❏ Branches In Git 🤔🎓
❏ Git And GitHub Workflow
❏ Steps To Contribute In Hacktoberfest 💻
❏ Merging Pull Requests 🐱👤
❏ Resource To Learn Everything About Git🎡

3. Software Developer
Azegate IT Solutions
Aman
Irshad
@amanirshad

4. Introduction to Git
Git is an open source distributed version control system.
Let’s break it down into simple words and see what it means.

5. What Is VCS?😉
❏ A Version Control System tracks the history of changes as people and
teams collaborate on projects together.
❏ As the project evolves, teams can run tests, fix bugs, and contribute new
code with the confidence that any version can be recovered at any time.
❏ Developers can review project history to find the answers to questions
like “which changes were made?”, “who made the changes?”, “when
were the changes made?”, “why were the changes needed?”, and many
more.

6. What is Distributed VCS?
❏ DVCSs allow full access to every file, branch, and iteration of a
project, and allows every user access to a full and self-contained
history of all changes.
❏ Git doesn’t need a constant connection to a central repository.
❏ Developers can work anywhere and collaborate asynchronously
from any time zone.
❏ Without Version Control, team members are subject to
redundant tasks, slower timelines and multiple copies of a single
project.

7. What is Git?🤔
❏ Git is an example of Distributed Version Control System commonly used for
open source and commercial software development.
❏ According to latest statistics, more than 70 percent of developers use git,
making it the most used VCS in the world.
❏ Git has significant benefits for individuals, teams and businesses.

8. Why use Git?💻
❏ Git lets developers see the entire timeline of their changes, decisions, and
progression of any project in one place.
❏ Developers work in every time zone. With a DVCS like Git, collaboration can
happen any time while maintaining source code integrity.
❏ Using branches, developers can safely propose changes to production code.
❏ Businesses using Git can break down communication barriers between teams and
keep them focused on doing their best work.
❏ Git makes it possible to align experts across a business to collaborate on major
projects.

9. Getting Started with Git🐱👤
❏ Downloading Git: You can download git for your specific operating
system from here: https://git-scm.com/downloads
❏ The following link has the details of downloading and installing git in
multiple operating systems: https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Getting-
Started-Installing-Git
❏ You’re all set!

10. Git Commands🐱👤
❏ git --version
❏ git init <directory>
❏ git add <directory>
❏ git config user.name <name>
❏ git clone <repo>
For more commands visit:
https://www.atlassian.com/git/tutorials/atlassian-git-cheatsheet
❏ git commit -m “message”
❏ git status
❏ git log
❏ git pull
❏ git diff

11. How does GitHub fit in?
● Github is a Git hosting repository that provides developers with tools to ship
better code through command line features, issues, pull requests, code review,
etc.
● With collaboration layers like Github flow, a community of 15 million
developers, and an ecosystem with hundreds of integrations, Github changes
the way software is built.
● Github builds collaboration directly into the development process.

12. Branches in Git
Branching means you diverge from the main line of development and
continue to do work without messing with that main line. Creating a new
branch allows you to create a new pointer to move around.
Your Work
Main Branch
Someone else’s Work

13. Git Workflow
A Git workflow is a recipe or recommendation for how to use Git to accomplish
work in a consistent and productive manner. Git workflows encourage
developers and DevOps teams to leverage Git effectively and consistently. Git
offers a lot of flexibility in how users manage changes.

14. GitHub Workflow
‘Master’ Branch
Create Branch
Commit Changes
Pull Requests
Get Feedback
Merge Changes

15. What Happens After You Make A PR?
● After you make a Pull Request, the maintainer of the repository will be able to
see and compare the changes you have made to the project.
● If they find some problems, they can request changes to be made and provide
feedback. They will also check whether your PR has followed all the
“contributing guidelines” usually mentioned in the project.
● After this is done, your PR will be merged into the required branch of the
project by the maintainer.
● A PR wrongly merged can be reverted back using the “Revert” button in
Github.

16. Contribute In Hacktoberfest
❏ Find the repository you want to make changes to. (Has to contain the
“hacktoberfest” label in it)
❏ Find an issue you want to work on (preferably with the label “good-
first-issue”)
❏ Fork the repo
❏ Clone the repo to local computer
❏ Make changes as required
❏ Commit changes
❏ Make a pull request
❏ Wait for your PR to get merged with the label “hacktoberfest-
accepted”.

17. A Note To Remember
● While searching for an issue to solve, you will find that some
of them already have assignees. This means that someone has
already been assigned to solve the issue mentioned.
● If that is the case, try finding another issue which does not
have any assignees and you can either ask the maintainer to
assign you the task or you can make a pull request and link it
to that particular issue.

18. THE END