Women have faced discrimination and inequality throughout history. In prehistoric times, women held prominent social roles but their status declined in ancient Greece where they were not allowed to participate in public life. During the Middle Ages, some women were able to exercise power through regency or positions in the church. The Enlightenment led to calls for greater women's rights to education and participation in politics. The industrial revolution provided women new economic opportunities but they still faced barriers. Today, while legal equality exists, women remain underrepresented in politics and face challenges balancing career and family responsibilities.