1) Johan Huizinga argues that play and contest are the root of culture and that virtue and honor arise from play. He believes culture originates from play. 2) Erving Goffman analyzed human interactions and believed people aim to control impressions through performances, presenting themselves in ways to impress society. 3) Goffman saw that people use fronts, expressions, and manners to convey information to audiences and maintain idealized standards of their performance roles.