The document provides a biology EOC winter interim review assessment with multiple choice questions covering several biology topics including: genetics, cell biology, ecology, evolution, and photosynthesis and cellular respiration. The questions assess understanding of key concepts such as genetic inheritance patterns, cellular structures and functions, population dynamics, energy flow in ecosystems, and the processes of photosynthesis and cellular respiration.

1. HGHS Biology EOC Winter Interim Review Assessment
Intro to Biology/Classification of Life (Donohue)
1. Doctors have found a new heart disease and have not yet found a cure for it. The only hope is to design a new heart
for humans to be able to overcome that disease. What would be the most effective procedure to test the heart on
humans?
a. Ask a healthy person to go under the procedure by removing his heart and replacing it with the artificial designed
heart
b. Perform the experiment on a new born baby
c. Build a simulated human dummy and test the new heart on it
d. Use a live rat to test the human heart on it
2. Fish release hundreds of eggs at once. They do not spend energy caring for their offspring. Many of the eggs are
consumed by predators. The evolutionary advantage of fish releasing large amounts of offspring is that:
a. The eggs are help increase the trophic levels of the aquatic food web.
b. The eggs provide protein for other evolutionary successful organisms.
c. The more that are eaten by the predators, the more food will be available for the surviving offspring.
d. Due to the large number, it is ensured that at least one will survive and reproduce.
3. Scientists recently have discovered an unknown species of bacteria living in the base of hot springs of the Dead Sea, a
body of water characterized by its high salinity levels. Upon microscopic investigation, they discovered that these
organisms did not have a nucleus or organelles. Into which group are they most likely to be classified as?
a. protista
b. archaea
c. fungi
d. bacteria
4. A group of medical researchers in the California are testing the effectiveness of a new drug believed to treat
Alzheimer’s disease. They obtain positive results and publish their findings in an accredited medical journal. Another
research group in Florida has completed a similar study; however, their results differ greatly from those published in the
medical journal. Which of the following methods should the researchers use as part of the scientific process to assess
the reliability of the other groups’ publication?
a. Check the educational credentials of the other researchers
b. Discard their research and pursue a new topic.
c. Repeat their own experiment using their same procedures.
d. Repeat the other research group’s experiment using the other groups’ same procedures.
5. One of the characteristics of living things is the ability of a population to evolve over time. In order to do this,
organisms must be able to adapt to their environment by choosing the most beneficial traits that enable them to survive
and reproduce. This process is called:
a. adaptation
b. natural selection
c. genetic drift
d. homeostasis

2. 6. The Domain Eukarya consists of organisms that contain a nucleus. Within this domain, there are 4 major kingdoms,
Fungi, Protista, Plantae, and Animalia. Fungi and Animalia differ from Plantae because:
a. Plantae only uses photosynthesis while Fungi and Animalia use both photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
b. Organisms in Animalia and Fungi are both heterotrophic while organisms in Plantae are autotrophic.
c. Organisms in Fungi and Animalia are both chemosynthetic while organisms in Plantae are photosyntheistic.
d. Organism in Fungi and Animalia both are eukaryotic while organisms in Plantae are prokaryotic.
7. The graph below shows the relationship of a lynx population to a snowshoe hare population.
Which of the following best explains why the lynx population usually increases after the snowshoe hare population
increases?
a. Lynx move over large areas to hunt snowshoe hares.
b. The lynx birth rate increases when more snowshoe hares are present.
c. High snowshoe hare populations cause a decrease in the lynx birth rate.
d. The populations of both animals decrease during the winter and increase during the summer.
8. Dan built a model water dripper for continuously watering a plant that grows best when the soil is kept damp. He
designed his model to improve on existing watering methods that required the plant to be watered by hand every 12
hours. Watering by hand left the soil dry at times and soaking wet at other times. In a controlled experiment to test the
effectiveness of the water dripper compared to watering by hand, which would be the best procedure for caring for
plants in the control group?
a. not watering them at all
b. watering them by hand every 12 hours
c. watering them every 12 hours with decreasing amounts of water
d. watering them every time their soil appears dry without relying on time
9. Alana set up an experiment to test a hypothesis. She plants three seedlings of the same size and the same species in
three identical pots and adds the same amount and type of potting soil and water to each one. She positions one pot in
the closet, one on a living room table, and one on a window sill. She uses an extraction method using ethanol to
determine the amount of starch as a percentage of leaf tissue in each plant.
What is the test variable (dependent variable) in Alana’s experiment?
a. amount of starch
b. amount of water
c. amount of ethanol
d. amount of sunlight

3. 10. Alana set up an experiment to test a hypothesis. She plants three seedlings of the same size and the same species in
three identical pots and adds the same amount and type of potting soil and water to each one. She positions one pot in
the closet, one on a living room table, and one on a window sill. She uses an extraction method using ethanol to
determine the amount of starch as a percentage of leaf tissue in each plant.
What is the manipulated variable (independent variable) in Alana’s experiment?
a. amount of starch
b. amount of water
c. amount of ethanol
d. amount of sunlight
11. Jamie is studying a type of bacteria found in the stomach of cows. He hypothesizes that the bacteria can only survive
in acidic conditions. How can Jamie test his hypothesis?
a. Place the bacteria in acidic, neutral and alkaline solutions and observe.
b. Place several different types of bacteria in acidic solutions and observe.
c. Place several different types of bacteria in a cow’s stomach and observe.
d. Place the bacteria in a solution that has the same acidity as a cow’s stomach and observe

4. Biochemistry (Castro)
12. Water striders are bugs have an anatomical structure that allows for them to transfer their weight. This structure
leads to the very interesting ability of being able to walk on water. Aside from this anatomical feature, water also has an
important property that can allow for these insects to water on water. Which of the following is the property of water
that allows from insects to walk on water?
a. Adhesion
b. Cohesion
c. Suspension
d. Covalent bonding
13. A biochemist extracts a molecule from a cell. This molecule contains the genetic information for the cell. What
class of molecules does it belong to?
a. Lipids
b. Proteins
c. Nucleic acids
d. Carbohydrates
14. Chemists have devised a scale to measure the pH of solutions. The scale has a range from 0 to 14. When a
solution has a higher concentration of H+, the solution is said to be a (an)?
a. Acid
b. Base
c. Neutral solution
d. Buffer
15. A chemical reaction is a process that changes one set of chemicals into another. The beginning sets of chemicals
are the reactant and the resulting chemicals are the products. When is products have less energy than the
reactants, the reaction is said to be what type of reaction?
a. Special reaction
b. Equilibrium reaction
c. Energy-absorbing reaction
d. Energy-releasing reaction
16. Lipids are biological molecules that are used to provide insulation, store excess energy and are hydrophobic.
Which of the following is the structure of a lipid?
a. Nitrogenous base- 5 carbon sugar- phosphate group
b. Amino group-carbon-carboxyl group
c. Glycerol- fatty acid
d. None of the above

5. Population Ecology (Paula)
17. There are 150 Saguaro cacti plants per square kilometer in a certain area of Arizona desert. Other smaller plants also
occupy the same area of desert. To which population characteristic does this information refer?
a. growth rate
b. geographic distribution
c. age structure
d. population density
18. Even though some natural populations may stay the same size from year to year, some populations may go through
rapid growth while others may decrease slowly. What can cause a population to grow?
a. The birthrate becomes higher than the death rate.
b. The birthrate stays the same, and the death rate increases.
c. The birthrate becomes lower than the death rate.
d. The birthrate and the death rate remain the same.
19. Population growth depends, in part, on how many people of different ages make up a given population. In Rwanda,
there are more young children than teenagers, and more teenagers than adults. This age structure indicates a
population that
a. has stopped growing.
b. will double in 30 years.
c. has a steady growth rate.
d. will decrease in 30 years.
20. As part of an effort to locate problem areas and set up a list of priorities, conservation biologists often identify
biodiversity “hot spots”. An ecological “hot spot” is an area where
a. habitats and species are healthy.
b. hunting is encouraged.
c. habitats and species are in the most danger of extinction.
d. species diversity is too high.
21. An increase in Earth’s average temperature from the buildup of carbon dioxide and other gases in the atmosphere is
called
a. the greenhouse effect.
b. ozone depletion.
c. global warming.
d. particulate dispersal.

6. Ecology (Ledesma)
22. The symbiotic relationship between sharks and remoras that clean parasites from the shark's teeth and perhaps skin
is an example of :
A. Commensalism because the remoras feed off the shark but do no harm or benefit to the shark.
B. Parasitism because the remoras feed off the shark debilitating the shark.
C. Mutualism because the remoras protect the sharks from parasite and the remoras get a meal and protection
from the shark
D. Predation because the remoras eventually weaken the shark and eat them once the shark is too weak to
defend itself.
23. Which two biomes have the lowest population and diversity of animal life?
A. Tundra and desert
B. Tropical rain forest and temperate grassland
C. Boreal forest and temperate
D. Tropical savanna and tropical dry forest
24. Which factors can prevent long term stability in an ecosystem?
A. human encroachment into the ecosystem
B. long-term climate changes
C. introduction of nonnative species
D. all of the above
25. What abiotic factors affect the size of a population in a specific ecosystem?
A. average temperature of the ecosystem
B. amounts and kinds of food available in an ecosystem
C. number and kinds of predators in the ecosystem
D. disease and infestations in an ecosystem
26. Several different species of predators can occupy the same niche because
A. predators will divide niches to avoid conflict
B. there is unlimited resources within most niches
C. niches expand naturally to accommodate larger numbers of predators
D. they cannot occupy the same niche

7. Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration (Villalobos)
27. Cellular Respiration converts the energy found in food molecules, especially glucose, to the more useable form
of ATP. Cellular Respiration is a lengthy process that endures many reactions occurring in different parts of the
cell. The process can be summed up in one chemical formula:
a. C6H12O6 (Glucose) + 6O2 + ADP + P → 6CO2 + 6H20 + ATP
b. C12H6O6 (Glucose) + O2 + ADP + P → CO2 + H20 + ATP
c. CO12 +H20 + ADP + P → 6CO2 + 6H20 + ATP
d. C6H12O6 (Glucose) + 6O2 + ADP + P → 6CO2 + 6H20
28. Light-dependent reactions covert solar energy into ATP and NADPH, the reduced form of the electron receptor,
NADP+. These reactions take place…
a. Photo systems in the chloroplasts
b. Oxidation of pyruvate
c. The Krebs Cycle
d. Photosynthesis in the mitochondria
29. The function of most plant leaves is to carry out photosynthesis; their cells contain many more of what organelle
than the other parts of the plant?
a. Chloroplasts
b. Mitochondria
c. Nuclei
d. Vacuoles
30. Cellular Respiration is efficient for a biological process, but even so, only 40 percent of the energy in glucose is
converted to ATP and occurs in what four stages?
a. Glycolysis, Oxidation of pyruvate, Krebs Cycle, Electron Transport Chain
b. Light-dependent reactions, Calvin Cycle, Krebs cycle, Glycolysis, Oxidation of pyruvate
c. Krebs Cycle, Electron Transport Chain, Oxidation, Glycolysis
31. Plants, as well as some protists and bacteria, create food molecules from CO2 and solar energy through the
process of photosynthesis. Photosynthesis in plants take place in the stages:
a. The light-dependent reactions & Calvin Cycle
b. Light- independent reactions & Krebs Cycle
c. The light-dependent reactions & Lactic Acid
d. Calvin Cycle and Glycolysis

8. The Cell and Structures and Functions (Pham-Escobar)
32. Which organelle makes proteins using coded instructions that come from the nucleus?
a. Golgi apparatus c. c. vacuole
b. mitochondrion d. ribosome
33. Which organelle converts the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell
to use?
a. chloroplast c. endoplasmic reticulum
b. Golgi apparatus d. mitochondrion
34. Which of the following is a function of the cell membrane?
a. breaks down lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins from foods
b. stores water, salt, proteins, and carbohydrates
c. keeps the cell wall in place
d. regulates which materials enter and leave the cell
35. Which of the following contains a nucleus?
a. prokaryotes
b. bacteria .
c. eukaryotes
d. organelles
36. Both animal and plant cells have similar organelles, except that you would expect to find which one in plant cells
only?
a. mitochondrion
b. ribosome
c. chloroplast
d. smooth endoplasmic reticulum

9. Genetics (Marcellus)
37. Two heterozygous tall pea plants with the same genotype Tt, are crossed. What is the probability that the offspring
of this will have a heterozygous genotype?
a) 100%
b) 75%
c) 50%
d) 25%
38. If a homozygous tall pea plant and a homozygous short pea plant are crossed,
a) the recessive traits seems to disappear
b) the offspring are of medium height
c) no hybrids are produced
d) all of the offspring are short
39. Two pink-flowering plants are crossed. The offspring flower as follows: 25% red, 25% white, 50% pink. What pattern
of inheritance does flower color in these flowers show?
a) Dominance
b) recessiveness
c) Polygenic traits
d) Incomplete dominance
40. Which term describes an organism that has two identical alleles for a given gene?
a) Heterozygous
b) Homologous
c) Homozygous
d) Hybrid
41. When a black-feathered chicken mates with a white-feathered chicken and produces black-and-white speckled
offspring, what type of inheritance is represented?
a) codominance
b) polygenic traits
c) incomplete dominance
d) Independent assortment