DSL is a technology that allows high-speed data transmission over copper telephone lines. It uses frequencies not used by telephone calls. A splitter allows single telephone lines to be used for both data and voice. DSL provides inexpensive, widely available, and always-on high-speed internet access through telephone lines, though speed decreases with distance from the exchange. Common alternatives to DSL include IDSL, SDSL, and VDSL.

1. Sayani Sarkar.
Rumpa Mallick.
Ankita Kundu.
Rajen Kr. Maji.

2.  Enables high speed data
transfer in same Cu telephone
lines.
 Utilizes the frequencies that is
not used by telephones calls.
 A splitter allows single
telephone lines to be used for
both.
 At exchange line terminates at
DSLAM.

3. STRENGTH
 Inexpensive
 Widely available.
 High speed
downloads and surf.
 Always connected, do
not monopolize
phone lines.
 Multiple user access
without degradation.
WEAKNESS
 Not available
everywhere, say
above 5.5 km from
exchange.
 Speed is affected as
distance increases.
 Web conferencing,
web hosting,VoIP
services are not well
suited to ADSL.

4.  The "upstream" and "downstream" pipelines
have different capacities.
 ADSL broadband can transfer data at rates
of 1.5 to 9 Mbps when receiving data.
 The ability of ADSL to send data, is limited to
between 16 to 640 Kbps.
 Alternatives for ADSL are IDSL,SDSL,VDSL.
ADSL UPSTREAM ADSL DOWNSTREAM
Minimum 16,000 bits/sec 1,500,000 bits/sec
Maximum 640,000 bits/sec 9,000,000 bits/sec

5. VLAN viewed as a group of devices on different
physical LAN.
There are three basic VLAN memberships for determining
and controlling how a packet gets assigned:
 Port-based VLANs
 MAC address based
 Protocol based VLANs
VLAN types :
 Single Switch VLAN
 Multi Switch VLAN
boundaries
End to
end
VLAN
Local
VAN

6.  Single Switch VLAN : There are
different types of Single-Switch VLAN:
 Layer 1
 Layer 2
 Layer 3
 Layer 4
 Multi Switch VLAN : When it
operates on multi switches.

7. Advantages :
Increased performance
Improved manageability
Physical independence
Increased Security Option
Disadvantages :
Costly –
• Software based
• Human labor to program
• Depending on variety
switches
Management complexity

8.  Wireless Technology is an alternative to Wired
Technology, which is commonly used, for
connecting devices in wireless mode.
 Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity) is a generic term that
refers to the IEEE 802.11 communications standard
for Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs).
 Wi-Fi Network connect computers to each other, to
the internet and to the wired network.

9.  AP based topology
 Peer-to-peer topology
 Point-to-multipoint bridge topology

10.  WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) :The
Original encryption technique specified by
the IEEE 802.11 standard.
 WPA (Wireless Protected Access) : A new
standard that provides improved encryption
security overWEP.
 WPA2 : is an improved version ofWPA that
uses Advanced Encryption Standard(AES)
technology.

11. 3G services include:
 Global roaming
 Superior voice quality and video
conference
 e-mail, personal organizer
 Information for web surfing,
music, news, corporate intranet,
transportation
 Purchasing-on-line
shopping/banking, ticketing,
gambling

12.  4G is a conceptual framework and a
discussion point to address future
needs of a high speed wireless
network
 Expected to emerged around 2010-
2015
 4G will bring almost perfect real
world wireless or called “WWWW :
World Wide Wireless Web.

13. 3G
 Data transfer rate:
3.1MB/sec
 Internet services:
Broadband
 MobileTV resolution: LOW
 Transmission speed: SLOW
 Its predecessors are
advanced multimedia
access,& global roaming
facilities.
4G
 Data transfer rate:
100MB/sec
 Internet services: Ultra
Broadband
 MobileTV resolution: HIGH
 Transmission speed: FAST
 It gives expected secure
Internet protocol based
solutions.