Why Did Johnstown Happen

Why Did Johnstown Happen
The Johnstown flood of 1889 is often remembered as the worst disaster that was caused by dam
failure in America's history. Over 2000 lives were lost, and about 17 million dollars in property
damage was done to the town of Johnstown. Many of the leading industrialists of the 19th century
were members of the club that owned the South Fork dam in 1889, drawing in nationwide attention.
The relief effort was one of the first huge non–wartime disasters for the American Red Cross. Once
again in the years 1936 and 1977 similar flooding would occur, ravaging the town of Johnstown,
wreaking havoc on the lives of civilians. Keywords: Dam Failure, South Fork Dam, Industrialists,
Johnstown, American Red Cross An Overview of the 1889 Flood ... Show more content on
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The water overflowed the channel system in Johnstown that was created after the 1936 flood to
prevent future flooding. But water levels were so high that without the channel in place the water
level could have reached more than 11 feet according to estimates by the U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers. In total, 85 citizens died due to the flood, while property damages reached about $300
million. (Refer to figure 3 for images of the damage) The 1977 flood was a major hit to Johnstown's
already fragile economy. Hundreds of people were left homeless, looking for anywhere to seek
shelter. Many downtown companies whose buildings were damaged by the flood did not reopen or
had to move. Johnstown's population dropped by nearly 10,000 between 1970 and
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Literature Review On Floods
Introduction/ Literature Review Floods can be a huge threat anywhere in the United States that
experiences large volumes of precipitation, ocean waves coming on shore, when snow melts at a fast
rate, or when dams or levees break (U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic &
Atmospheric Administration, and Office of Oceanic & Atmosphere Research). In the United States,
floods kill about 140 people a year (National Geographic Partner, 2017) "The catastrophic flooding
in Houston from Hurricane Harvey is the latest reminder that floods kill more people in the United
States than any other type of natural disaster and are the most common natural disaster worldwide
(Lam, 2017)."
There are several types of floods: coastal, river and surface flood. A coastal flood happens when a
storm such as a hurricane, tropical storm or just a severe storm is produced on the coast of a large
body of open water. Ultimately leading to water on land, "loss of life and property (Intermap
Technologies, 2014)." Coastal floods are categorized as minor, moderate and major. The second
flood is a surface flood, which is for example when there is heavy precipitation and the drainage
system is overwhelmed by excess water. This causes the streets to flood. You do not have to
necessarily be by a body of water for there to be a flood. The most common flood is a riverine flood,
where there is an inland flood. This flood occurs when there is a heavy rainfall, or rapid snow melt
during an extended period that

Hy5: Flood Damage Restoration
Flood Damage Restoration Service Hy5 are the market's leading flood damage repair service in
Cumbria, using the industry's leading techniques as well as specifically chosen specialist for water
damage repair, water damage restoration, cleaning products and machinery. We know that water
damage can be misleading as it penetrates into the functional and enclosed spaces of residential and
commercial buildings. Hy5 provides emergency flood restoration services year round. We are on
call 365 days a year and 24 hours a day to work with you and to work with your insurance company.
We use the latest water damage repair techniques to discover undetected moisture. While unnoticed
moisture can continue to cause damages, we quickly eliminate any further deterioration. Building
materials tend to shrink, split or decay as the result of water and flood disasters. Often times, our
customers do not realize there is a problem until there are overwhelming odors. Our operatives are
exceptionally disciplined in flood disaster recovery and are tireless agents when it comes to carrying
out the needs of those who are affected by water damage and in need of water damage restoration.
Hy5 employs specialist who are knowledgeable professionals who can identify the source of
moisture, evaluate the presence of mold and remove the contamination with a 100% success rate. ...
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It could end up being a nightmare. Leaky pipes can cause internal damage that can be exhausting.
Storm flooding has the potential to cause costly damage to electrical wiring, flooring, walls and to
the home's furnishings. Perhaps many of these items will need to be disposed. We are able to work
with your loss adjusters on your claim for flood clean up, providing fast and effective action that
reduces the impact on your home or

What Does Flood Insurance Cover?
Nobody knows when floods happen. These are natural disasters that can just strike when we least
expect it. We may live in deserts or atop a mountain and still experience flooding.
In fact, 50 states have reports of flooding. The reason behind this is that hurricanes or tropical
storms are not the only causes of natural flooding. Flooding inside homes can also be due to the
flash flooding and rising river water.
In layman's terms, flooding is the combination of mud and water in an area. So if the water is not
wet on a normal basis but it still combines these two elements, then there is still the possibility of
flash flooding taking place.
What does flood insurance cover? This is a question practical people ask. They know that it is a
necessity for any homeowner.
It protects their assets and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The homeowner should know the kind of flood plain that the risk level he is in with the area that he
is residing.
So after discovering the cost of flood insurance, the next question for homeowners is What does
flood insurance cover. Well, imagine that there are a lot of factors that should be looked upon.
Flood insurance covers a percentage of the damages cost depending on the following factors. They
look at the coastal policies of the client. For example, living along a coast gives the insurance holder
a high premium.
In this scenario, the question to what does flood insurance cover is lower than people who are
residing in an area that rarely gets wet.
As accommodating as insurance companies are to people who are looking for flood insurance, they
still have to make a business and the coverage of an insurance policy really depends on the
possibility of the area taking place.
The higher the possibility of this happening and the higher the flood insurance means the less
coverage in actual

Why Was The Nile River Important
Ronja Virtanen 15IBB
The importance of Nile river in the agriculture of ancient Egypt
In the Ancient Egypt lives of thousands was depended on the river Nile. It gave Egyptians an
opportunity to harvest in the dry environment because of the annual inundations. Later it gave them
a way to transport from village to another and by that, an opportunity to rule economy and political
issues. The Egyptians learned to, not how to control the river, but how to live with the influential
source of life by observing nature. The Nile river was the main reason Ancient Egypt ever grew so
powerful as a civilization because it helped the Egyptians harvest vital plants. It's been stated many
times; probably the first time was by a Greek historian Herodotus, who said that "Egypt is the gift of
Nile" referring to the special resources of the river. Probably the most important thing for ancient
harvesting were the annual floods of Nile. It was a matter of significance to it made it possible to
harvest by the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Water would be stored into pools of water in years there was loads of it, just in case the next year
they would not have the same luck. When there was a very low flood, the Egyptians would pump
the water from the Nile to go up the manmade canals that would take the water to the harvestings.
Moreover, there would be storage houses to store grain. When boats came to use people would bring
grain to a "Royal storehouse" as a backup plan to deal with sudden loss of harvestings. When a
certain area needed food very badly, some would be sent to them by a boat. For the years of
absolutely high inundation, the clever Egyptians would realise the upcoming danger from
uncommonly low water in the river. When you could cross the river by foot it was time for some
preparations. The Egyptians built and strengthened levees to prevent water from flooding
excessively over them and from causing negative

Santa Clarita Flood Essay
Floods occur in many different areas and under many different circumstances. The city of Santa
Clarita is located in the Los Angeles County, and is the twenty–fourth largest city in California.
Santa Clarita's main river is the Santa Clara River, and their watershed is the Santa Clarita
Watershed Recreation and Conservation Authority. There are historical records on flood proof
certificates for some properties in within the city limit. There is approximately 3,600 acres of
floodplain and nearly 4,400 individual parcels that are located in the floodplain. The city has levees
that protect the people and property from floods. The levee is a manmade wall that blocks water
from destroying the land. It prevents water from flooding the city ... Show more content on
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The most prominent floods occurred in 1995, 1998, and 2005 when the rainfall was heaviest. The
winter of 1997–1998 caused many floods due to harsh storms and heavy precipitation which led to
many expensive property damage. Homes in Mint Canyon, Newhall, and Placerita Canyon all
experienced torrential flooding, and residents had to be dug out of the creek. (Thornhill, 2012) The
El Nino of 1997–1998 in February was one of the worst winters in Santa Clarita because it dropped
16.58 inches of rain on the valley in one month, and the average rainfall in Santa Clarita is 17 inches
in a year. El Nino is a climate cycle that has a global impact on the weather in the Pacific ocean.
(Life Science Staff, 2015) The city also experienced over 42 inches of rain in the early parts of
2005. (Flood Hazards in the City of Santa Clarita, n.d.) The Santa Clara river and the San
Francisquito Creek were washed out in places that did not have a stable buried bank. There was up
to 4 feet of flooding in the Polynesian Mobile Home Park when the Newhall Creek flooded over,
and over 75 feet of bank eroded prior to the Sand Canyon Mobile Home Park. (Flood Hazards in the
City of Santa Clarita,

Flood Assessment
PURPOSE
The purpose of this report is to geologically evaluate the potential hazards for flooding in Hazard
City. This report will include a detailed historic and extrapolated Stream Gauge Data Worksheet, as
well as a graph of the Discharge Frequency Curve expected on Clearwater River. The report will
provide Hazard city with my scientific analysis, conclusions, and provide recommendations
concerning potential flood damages.
METHOLODOGY
The methodology used was to utilize the Recurrence Interval formula (R) = (N+1)/M, to determine
the recurrence interval and magnitude of historical floods provided on the Stream Gauge Data of
Peak Flood Discharges on Clearwater River in Hazard City. Also, I reviewed the flood insurance
map to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Another reason for this scientific assumption is that the Downtown area, which is inundated with
impervious covered surfaces, will produce runoff, especially in the event of a flash flood, and will
meet in this same area along Clearwater River near Ralston (Keller, 2008, p. 269).
Information that was used to develop my conclusions were relative to the history of Clearwater
River such as the average normal discharge of 40,000cfs, the fact that the river can accommodate
55,000cfs before flooding will occur, and that with every increase of 2600cfs the river rises one foot.
For example, this information helped to determine that four of the thirteen noted Peak Flood
Discharges listed on the worksheet were not at flood stage as the river is able to accommodate
discharges less than 55,000cfs. However, nine of the thirteen Peak Flood Discharges listed on the
worksheet were at flood stage or drastically above; with the maximum rise of 17.77 feet above and a
discharge rate of 101,200cfs. The average discharge rate of the top three noted floods per
information on the Stream Gauge Data of Peak Flow Discharges is 93,613cfs, which is resourceful
later in determining the extrapolated 75–year flood.
CITY COUNCIL CONCERNS
1. What is the recurrence interval of floods in Hazard City?
The average recurrence interval of floods in Hazard City is 1 in 7.14 years; with an average flood
discharge rate of 78,885cfs and a magnitude of 7. The typical flood in Hazard City

Flood Insurance Pros And Cons
There has been an ongoing debate between about the renewal of the flood insurance program. The
National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) that expires this year may be replaced by the 21st
Century Flood Reform Act, which many think is biased against New Jersey. The bill would set the
program in place for 5 years and with that would come higher premiums for policyholders. Those
against the proposed extension, like N.J. Republican Frank LoBiondo, are not in favor of the price
increase. Homes built before flood areas were mapped would have an annual premium increase
between 6.5 percent to 15 percent instead of the current 5 percent to 18 percent, while other homes
would face premium increases up to $10,000 a year and increases in surcharges. The new proposed
extension would also cut government insurance for homes that have total claims that are three times
the replacement value of the damages structure. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He also believes that bringing in private insurers would allow them to chose the customers they
believe are the best and leave the government with the severe repetitive loss properties. In a sense
the government would act like the state–run insurance pools for especially risky drivers, it would
take the high–risk properties that private insurers do not want. People also worry that if the insurers
set the prices instead of the government prices may soar and people will be driven out of their

Flood In New York City
Two of the greatest natural disasters, causing death and destruction, are floods and typhoons. The
contents of this paper will contain an analysis and report on the issue of flooding in the Asian
Megacities of Bangkok and Manila. These cities will be compared to one another and to the
American megacity New York City. The analysis of New York City will contain the cities
vulnerability that occurs due to wind, rain, and flooding, along with efforts in preventing flooding at
the time of a storm coming from the Pacific Ocean.
Causes of Flooding "An estimated 13 percent (around 470 million) of the world's urban population
lives in low–lying coastal areas; most of the world's megacities (i.e., cities of over 10 million
population) lie on coasts ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Flood risk has increased in New York City due to storm surges and human–caused sea level rising,
such as melting glaciers. The sea level has increased drastically from 850 to 1800 between the years
of 1970 and 2005. "Prior to 1800, a flood that was 2.25 m (7.4 ft) above sea level occurred once
every 500 years. Since 1970, a storm of that size occurs approximately every 24 years" (Worland,
2015). New York City was severely affected in November 2012 by Hurricane Sandy. At least 53
people were killed as a result of the storm and caused $32 billion in damage. A professional
emergency management system has been put into effect in New York City. The city has published
and utilized evacuation zone maps, which have shown effectiveness. Due to the levels throughout
the city, only about 30 percent of the population would have to be evacuated and would not have to
move too far inland to higher areas. Damage and property loss are problems to still deal with,

Bible Flood Evidence
The stories in the Bible often have their validity brought into question by the scientific community.
Because of the use of science to disprove many biblical events, many creationists with literal
interpretations of the Bible choose to respond not by using faith as they usually do, but by using
other science. Bringing one event to the forefront of the argument, the Biblical flood in which all life
on land was killed except for Noah, the people, and the animals he brought with him, we come to an
impasse. So we do what any modern believer in science does, we look for evidence. So we ask the
question; is there evidence for or against a biblical flood? The short answer to this question, no
matter which side you ask, is yes. This obviously presents us with a problem; who do we believe?
First, I will start with the evidence that has been given in support of the biblical flood. As a preface
to this evidence, we must first recognize that (in my opinion) this evidence is inherently flawed in
the fact that the theory of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It shall be noted that much evidence does in fact straddle between these two categories. One thing
that should also be noted about the upcoming evidence is that unlike most of the previous evidence,
the evidence counter to the biblical flood was not gathered or analyzed with the intent to prove or
disprove one specific theory, but was gathered and then a theory as to the evidence's creation or
what the evidence suggest was developed and generally accepted by the scientific community. I
would like to start off with the second category of evidence in argument of what was stated as
evidence in the preceding paragraph. The first piece of evidence in support of the great flood could
in fact be discounted by the fact

Comparing Noah And The Flood And The Epic Of Gilgamesh
Someone once wrote "The Lord saw how great was man's wickedness on earth, and how every plan
devised by his mind was nothing but evil all the time"(Noah and the flood pg.171). " The uproar of
mankind is intolerable and sleep is no longer possible by reason of the babel" (the Epic of
Gilgamesh pg.147). Both stories from two different cultures but despite the differences in the
heroes, their gods, and the flood stories in "Noah and the Flood" and "The Epic of Gilgamesh," both
of these stories appear to refer to the same historical event the great flood.
The heroes in the two stories are heroes in different way but also similar ways. Utnapishtim from
"the Epic of Gilgamesh" and Noah from "Noah and the Flood" had the same start in become a hero
they both were chosen by their god to build an ark and survive the flood because they are both
willing to do anything for their god. In "Noah and the flood" "Noah was a righteous man; he was
blameless in his age; Noah walked with ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Gilgamesh had a different way of building his ark he had everyone's help and despite knowing that
almost everyone was going to be wiped from existence he threw a party." He gave the shipwrights
wine to drink as though it were river water, raw wine and red wine and oil and white wine. There
was feasting then" (The Epic of Gilgamesh pg. ). Noah took the whole thing more serious the
Gilgamesh ever did, but he still managed to have the boat done in seven

Case Study: FEMA
main program components Insurance: In collaboration with participating communities, FEMA
develops Flood Insurance Rate Maps that depict a community's floodplain and flood risk. A key
piece is the identification of the Special Flood Hazard Area, which is intended to show areas with 1
percent or greater risk of flooding each year. Property owners in the hazard area are required to
purchase flood insurance as a condition of receiving a federally backed mortgage. They may
purchase flood insurance either through NFIP or through a private company, as long as the coverage
is at least as broad as the NFIP's. For residential policies, the maximum coverage is $250,000 for the
building and $100,000 for its contents. The maximum coverage for non–residential ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Communities may also submit data related to their flood hazards, flooding experience, and
mitigation plans. FEMA, in coordination with participating communities, then maps hazards on a
Flood Insurance Rate Map. Information contained in the map is used for floodplain management,
flood insurance, and to help communicate flood risk to communities. While FEMA is responsible
for creating the FIRM, the community must pass the map into state or local law in order for the map
to take effect. Once adopted into state or local law, the FIRM guides communities' adoption of
minimum floodplain standards and determines whether the purchase of flood insurance is
mandatory. FEMA is required to assess the need to revise floodplain areas and flood risk every five
years, but it does not necessarily update the maps. Floodplain Management: In order to participate in
the NFIP, and allow property owners to purchase flood insurance through the program, a community
must adopt and agree to enforce floodplain standards that are at least as stringent as those set by
FEMA. These standards set minimums related to land use planning, development, and zoning.
Communities can also voluntarily participate in the Community Rating System, which allows
policyholders to receive premium discounts if the community's floodplain standards exceed the
NFIP minimums. FEMA administers three programs that fund mitigation

The Year Of The Flood By Margaret Atwood
ENG4U – Interim ISU Progress Report
The book I have chosen to read for my ISU is Margaret Atwood's 'The Year of the Flood'. The book
has 434 pages in total and I am currently on page 170.
The book is not hard to read, but the fact that it switches from different times and perspectives every
chapter, which are not consistent or within a certain pattern occasionally makes it confusing. This
book is also different from the books I am used to reading, giving me a unique and interesting
change in perspective. I am also very interested in science and technology, and this book has a lot of
that. In fact, Atwood says that a big chunk of her readers are "biogeeks". To tend to any confusion, I
write a one or two–line chapter summary of the main ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
'The Year of the Flood' takes place in various different settings, as the book is written from the
perspectives of two different people, however, they are both in North America. So far, the book has
mainly taken place in the EdenCliff Rooftop Garden, where the God's Gardeners, a vegan, religious,
and unconventional "hippy" group reside. I believe that the constant comparison between the
pleeblands and the compounds were meant to be a subtle satire of our society from Atwood. After
all, she is known to hint sarcasm and satire in all her work. Atwood mentions that the pleeblands are
filled with apartments, cheap stores, homeless people, etc, which are very much prevalent in modern
neighborhoods that are not super wealthy. She writes about how the pleeblands are in bad condition,
and when compared to the compounds, the pleeblands stick out like a sore thumb. I believe this is
Atwood's subtle effort to write about the often gross differences between the rich and the poor in
modern society, and the imbalance between people of different societal status, and her way to show
the perspectives of the two. The rich look down on the poor, as seen in 'Oryx and Crake' from the
perspectives of Jimmy and Glenn, and the poor can't stand the rich, as seen in 'The Year of the
Flood' from the perspectives of Ren and Toby. By exaggerating it, she enables the readers to open
their eyes to their privilege or

What Is The Epic Of Gilgamesh
Flood stories are a part of most ancient civilizations throughout the whole world. Yet arguably the
most well known is the story of Noah and the Ark. Today I am going to go over the other main flood
stories most closely related with the former, and show proof that out of the numerous flood
narratives, this is the most factual and realistic of all of them. First off we have the ancient
Mesopotamian narrative Epic of Gilgamesh, Gilgamesh is told a story by, an immortal man, that
long ago the gods had decided to destroy the whole world by sending a flood. Upon hearing this
information the man Utanapishtim was able to build a giant ship that he stored all different species
of creatures on, and even some craftsmen for after the flood. Historians ... Show more content on
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Yet if it were a copy of such a story, why would all of the dimensions for the ship be factually
checked out as stable and realistic, the ability for caring and keeping alive all of the animals
mentioned in both stories, and that neither the Sumerians or the Israelites were known for their
nautical skills. Sumerians were the first to write the flood account in cuneiform then the Akkadian's
carried it on, there were two types of dialects Babylonian and Assyrian and they each had their own
version of the flood story. This shows that they were recounting the stories that they have been told,
writing it in their own style. Scholars of the Christian faith believe that the recounting of the Noah's
flood was told orally and passed down until Moses eventually wrote it to be apart of the bible. So
this makes the origins of the bible older then all of the other flood

Nfip Essay
The NFIP is an all–inclusive insurance program built to provide citizens located within a designated
floodplain to have a reliable means to recover from floods. Therefore, let's first discuss the
provisions of the NFIP, its benefits, consequences of repetitive loss, the status of sustainability, and
potential changes to the program in the near future. The NFIP is administered by the Federal
Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) and insurance policies are available to those located
within a designated flood zone and a participating community (FEMA, 2017). However, though
administered by FEMA potential enrollees can only obtain a policy through their local insurance
agent. In addition, FEMA determines who is eligible to apply for a policy ... Show more content on
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Fundamentally, a community can accumulate points by completion of various hazard mitigating
activities to include public information, mapping and regulations, flood damage reduction, and flood
preparedness (FEMA, 2017). Below is a table to illustrate these levels. Now, that we have a basic
knowledge of the NFIP let's discuss its benefits. According to FEMA (2012), the NFIP enables
policyholders to have coverage up to 250,000 to 100,000, depending on whether the property is
residential or commercial. Moreover, the NFIP enables property owners to file a claim without
paying back whether the flood becomes a presidentially declared disaster or not whereas disaster
assistance requires payback and the disaster to be presidentially declared (p. 2). Therefore, we can
see the program has substantial benefits to those who choose to participate. However, there are
significant program sustainability issues. First, repetitive flood loss is something which has plagued
the sustainability of the NFIP. Since the inception of the NFIP in 1968, approximately 30,000
properties have been deemed severe repetitive loss properties (10 or more losses), costing the
program 5.5 billion dollars (Eastman, 2016). Therefore, we can see those who have been impacted
by floods continue to be impacted by floods. Secondly, as mentioned above, lack of

Essay on The Year of the Flood
"The Year of the Flood" is an epic, sprawling novel that moves back and forth between past, present
and future effortlessly. Though it is told from Ren and Toby's point of view, the novel is really about
the story of three women (Ren, Toby, and Amanda) and their will to survive in a cruel and harsh
world. It is a story of hope, despite all odds and a story of the power of love. Fatefulness about the
survival of the species is not new. Religious thinking has end–time built in, and most of our sentient
life on the planet humankind has been predominantly religious. That has changed in Westernized
countries, but only relatively recently, and alongside advances in scientific knowledge. Our new
pessimism no longer depends on a deity to wipe ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Recovering from plastic surgery, she avoids the deathly wipeout germ of plague. Less cosmetically,
but just as effectively, Ren, a pole dancer at a local sex joint called Scales and Tails, is in an
isolation room after a bloody attack by a punter, so she too misses the bio–bug. The women's past
and present stories alternate and intertwine, bringing to life the world they must survive in– a world
where pigs have human tissues and sheep are bred with human hair in different colors, silver and
purple being the hot hits for whole–head implants, providing you don't mind smelling of lamb chops
when it rains. The sensitive CorpSEcorps elite boy Glenn, who becomes Crake, starts out as a
teenage sympathizer for the Gardeners but is too seduced by his own brain power to trust nature.
Like his friend Jimmy, Glenn doesn't know to love, and the awkward devotion he feels for the girl
he calls Oryx isn't returned. Atwood is really good at showing, without judging, what happens when
human beings cannot love. In the worst of them, like Blanco, brutality and sadism take over. In the
better of them, Crake designs out love and romance because he wants to design out the pain and
confusion of emotion. In this strangely lonely book, where neither love or romance changes the
narrative, friendship of a real and lasting

The Year Of The Flood
In Margaret Atwood's novel The Year of the Flood, several saints are mentioned during Adam Ones
speech for Pollination Day namely Saint Suryamani Bhagat of India, among so many others,
because of her contributions to forest preservation (Atwood 276). Atwood may have chosen to
incorporate Bhagat, an environmental activist, as a saint in her novel considering that The Gardeners
had devoted this festival to the mysteries of plant reproduction, especially that of those wondrous
trees, the angiosperms, with special emphasis upon the Drupes and the Pomaceous Fruits which
matches with the work Bhagat has been undertaking to counter climate change(Atwood 276).
Although more than half of Suryamani Bhagat's life is still before her, extrapolating from her current
and past deeds it can be anticipated that she will continue to stand as a servant of God due to her
immense beliefs and rigorous efforts to combat deforestation for the welfare of the community; live
a life of heroic virtue as she fights to preserve her culture and property rights of her people; remain
praised and idolized in her community for her accomplishments and facilitate yet more miracles
such as obligating the government to accept, honor and fulfil the demands of her tribe as well as
facilitating the astonishing increment in female literacy in the area; for those reasons, in addition to
the fact that Bhagat also mirrors the characteristics of the gardeners and shares a similar background
story with Toby, Margret

Ellicott City Flood Case Study
In the Washington DC area, it is not at all uncommon to see flash flood warnings scroll across the
television screen, but nothing comes of it other than some rain. This past weekend, however, during
Memorial Day weekend, Ellicott City, Maryland, which sits just outside of the beltway, experienced
a horrible flash flood. The death toll still has yet to be announced, as cleanup and the search for
survivors has just begun. Two waves of intense flooding hit the town unexpectedly, and with little
warning. The town is a quaint little area with cute shops and storefronts, which sits in a valley, and
the main street cuts a swath between two higher vistas. Several storms had been forecast earlier that
day, and heavy rain was expected, but no one could have predicted such devastation, in such a short
amount of time. This is the second massive flash flood to hit this area in as many years, leaving
business owners, and residents alike, stunned and heartbroken. ... Show more content on
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The closest hospital to Ellicott City is Howard County General Hospital, which is part of the Johns
Hopkins Medical System. According to the Maryland Quality Healthcare Reports, Howard County
General Hospital has 266 beds, and Emergency Room facilities, but is not a trauma
center("Maryland Health Care Quality Reports," n.d.). The hospital is approximately 13 miles south
of Ellicott City. Howard County Emergency Management has 14 Fire and Rescue Station houses,
and one located in Ellicott City proper ("Howard County, Maryland > Departments > Fire and
Rescue > Fire Stations," n.d.). Just ten days prior to the flood, a town hall meeting was held to
discuss flood plans, and disaster management options, as well as to discuss the All–Hazards
Mitigation Plan and Flood Mitigation Plan. At the meeting, officials listed the potential dangers, and
ranked them according to potential for damage. No surprise to anyone, at the top of the list, ranking
number one, was

A Brief Note On Flood Re A Joint Insurance Industry And...
Flood Re is a joint insurance industry and government sponsored scheme which is the first of its
kind in the entire world, it will become effective on 4th April 2016 with the purpose of enabling
those homeowners with households in areas at high risk of flooding to afford insurance. It is not a
direct product which can be purchased by consumers, it can be described as more of a behind the
scenes third party which collaborates with current insurers. Flood Re will be a reinsurance company
for current insurers to insure themselves against losses caused by flooding, however it will be
funded by existing insurers.
The idea is to reduce premiums and excesses for those in flood prone areas, so those who find it
hard to get insured will now be able to take out insurance cover with providers such as Aviva,
whereas beforehand they were unable to obtain such insurance or were reluctant to pay the high
premiums. The preferred outcome is to see a transition from the current market to a market where
flood insurance is available to everyone at affordable prices long after the existence of Flood Re.
However, to what extent the scheme is effective can be questioned extensively, there are many
exclusions involved with the scheme and questions have been raised about the spending of flood
defences rather than the introduction of such a scheme. Flood Re has been established to last for 25
years, but is this long enough to solve the flooding issues? These issues will be analysed throughout
this

Flood Insurance Affordability
Flood Insurance Affordability
The National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) is over $24 billion in debt following disasters such as
Hurricanes Sandy and Katrina.1 The program was created in the 1960s because insurers were
leaving the flood insurance market due to outrageous risks. Its purpose is to subsidize the policies of
property owners in flood risk areas and, for some, is the only way to get affordable flood coverage.
Today, about 20% of the 5.5 million flood policies in effect are subsidized by the NFIP. The other
80% pays premiums based on actual risk, which is the point of insurance to begin with.2 What
began as a successful solution to unaffordable rates has become an economic disaster, leaving
taxpayers to pick up the tab.
The program made it affordable for anyone to live in areas that are deservedly uninsurable without
government support. Climate change is no longer just a theory. According to the consulting firm
AECOM, the rise in sea levels could increase flood hazard areas along the coast by 55% in the next
century. Despite this problem, coastal populations have increased by 40% since 1970, the result is
that 40% of the US population lives in a county with a coastline.3 Decades of low premiums have
given few incentives for property owners to take preventative actions and will cost taxpayers
billions more when another disaster occurs. Coastal development is still on the rise and people seem
ignorant to the growing risk floods and the detriment that their

Comparing The Great Flood And Noah's Ark
The Great Flood/Noah's Ark A flood drowns people and animals, it ruins houses. Floods happen
from rain overflowing making a flood. Very few people lived the aftermath, they repopulated the
whole world all over again, Noah and his family and the animals on the boat/ark lived the aftermath
of The Great flood. The Ark helped them: The ark helped them survive The Great flood by floating.
It was started about 3000–3300b.c., the rain lasted nearly six weeks (40 days and nights). The Ark
floated above the flood water saving Noah and Noah's family and 2 of each animal species from
drowning in the great flood. Instead they lived, it lasted that long because God created it, it is
believed it took 120 years to build Noah's Ark. when the flood occurred

Flooding of the Red River
The Red River located near Fargo, North Dakota, has a history of flooding due to abnormal climate
conditions. Every year precautions are taken to help minimize damages that are caused by the
flooding. There are four main reasons that contribute to the river flooding so often. These main
reasons for the floods are: Synchrony of discharge with spring thaw, ice jams, glacial lake plain, and
the decrease in gradient downstream. The first reason that contributes to the river flooding so often
is the ice melting in the spring. The Red River flows northward, and when the ice thaws, it also runs
northward along the valley, causing runoff from the southern portions of the river. When the ice,
river water, and runoff all join together in the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
During the melting of the glaciers, Lake Agassiz became a lake of its own and the lake's fine
claylike silt that has accumulated on the bottom is the reason for the fertility of the valleys in the
Red River. Many people often ask what can be done to fix the problems of the flooding. The reality
of the situation is that these floods are going to continue to happen until the Red River establishes
itself in its area. The river is not done carving its path yet. Many geologists believe that it was an
unwise decision to build a city, like Fargo, that is so close to the river where it is known to produce
massive floods and create major problems. The property and lands in Fargo are going to continue to
receive damage due to the floods. The river flows across unconsolidated, fine grain sediments which
causes the river to meander. The results of the meandering are wider river edges due to the water
washing away the land near the shores. Until the Red river establishes itself, it is going to cut a
bigger and wider path which will result in more land and homes being destroyed. Rotational slump
is defined as a variety of landslide characterized by movement along a concave–up failure surface
(Ailsa Allaby). Slump is common where clay–rich materials are exposed along a steep slope. This is
the case with the Red River. When the water from the Red River washes up next to a curved surface
of the land, the

Flooding in South Africa
Assignment
GEO 234
D Sonnekus
2011042526
Flooding In South–Africa
A Deeper Insight to What Happens Around Us
[pic]
Photo: Ivan Sonnekus 2012
Index
Page Number
1. Introduction 3
2. The Nature Of Flooding 3
3. The Main Causes Of Flooding In South–Africa 4
4. The Effect Of Development On Flood Hazards in SA 5
5. The Effect Of The Economic Status Of People – Regarding Flood Hazards 6
6. Conclusion 7
7. Bibliography 8
1. Introduction

Floods play a major role in our everyday lives, and how we react to the daily changing climate is of
course our way of surviving our planetary conditions. Floods determine our building styles and play
a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The heavy rains on a constant basis keeps the rivers and dams full up to their limits so in the event
of a heavy cloud break the already full rivers and dams cannot enclose all the extra water and all that
water needs to go somewhere thus leading to floods, in most cases in South–Africa the floods will
be flash floods. But there is also the chance of major floods in the form of a dam overflowing and
then breaking the wall or even minor floods like in the December of 2012 the Ncandu River flowing
through Newcastle KZN overreaches its banks and fills the Trim park with water at least 1–2 feet
deep as the trim park is adjacent to the rivers.
4. The Effect of Development on Flood Hazards in SA
Right around the world the population keeps growing at an alarming rate as the birth to mortality
rate is not balanced which leads to a world population always wanting and needing to expand city
and/or town borders. In this case the chances are very good that eventually there will be building
developments inside flood plains or lower laying terrain in the proximity of a dam or large volume
of water. Thus the engineers of the modern world in developing countries like for instance South–
Africa need to come up with new initiatives to improve building techniques to overcome the
obstacle of flooding as the floods can be the

Pros And Cons Of Flood Control Essay
Flood control is a public good that helps to prevent flooding which, benefits the community, but can
cause market failure. Flooding can cause serious property damage and harm the lives of people and
other species. Floods can be caused by many reasons such as, high tides, hurricanes, tsunamis,
heavy rains, broken dams and more. Flood control is used to help prevent disasters caused by
flooding waters. Flood control is important everywhere, but it is even more important in areas where
there are large amounts of water like the Mississippi River, the Gulf Coast, East and West Coast, and
even the Great Lakes. There are many more areas, but those are just to name a few. In areas like
these, flood control is a public good because everyone has the ability to benefit from whatever is
being used to control the flood such as, dams, levees, sea or break walls, sand bags etc. Public goods
are not excludable nor rival in consumption which means everyone has access to it. The government
provides money for flood control to be built making them a public good and free for everyone to use
as protection against floods. Since flood control is free and the government pays for the flood
prevention this means it is a free market. A free market is an economic system where price is
determined by unrestricted competition. Market failure is when a market fails to allocate resources
efficiently. A public good can cause a market failure because if people get to use an item for free,
firms cannot

What Is The Grand Canyon Essay
Ryan Freiland
English 5th hour
Miss Roth
6 March 2017
The Grand Canyon According to National Geographic, Over five million people visit the Grand
Canyon every year. But, most people do not realize what the Grand Canyon hold or how it was
made. Most people believe it was created millions of years ago by years and years of erosion.
Evolutionists states that the Grand Canyon is over two million years old. But, there are new facts
and new theories that make more sense and more reasonable. Creationist say that there are over
three ways that the Grand Canyon was formed. The three ways were the biblical and historical
flood, layers of sediment rock being layer down over thousands of years, and the one and only God
created to be there for a purpose. The first and main reason of how the Grand Canyon was formed
because of the biblical flood. The flood was a worldwide wide flood that was strong enough to carve
out rivers and canyons throughout the earth. Andrew Snelling stated ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The sediment rocks in the Grand Canyon are all perfectly layer down throughout the Canyon. Psalm
104:8 says that "At the end of the flood, the mountains rose and the valleys sank down, causing the
water to drain off the continents into the basins". (ESV). This means that the flood went through and
formed the Grand Canyon including the layers inside. The layers are all even and in the same
position throughout the canyon.Andrew Snelling and Tom vail state " Evidence shows, The Grand
Canyon was formed rapidlyas were the layers into which it was carved". (Snelling et. al. np.). This
means the Bibles view of how old the earth is, is very close, unlike evolution is a view of how old it
is. The sentiment rock in the Grand Canyon is very close to the Bible, evolutionists view are
millions of years off. To see how the Grand Canyon was formed you need to look at the layers of
sediment rocks inside the

Similarities Between Gulf And The Gilgamesh Flood
The Epic of Gilgamesh has been important to Christians as far back as its revelation in the mid–
nineteenth century in the vestiges of the library at Nineveh, with its record of a general flood with
critical parallels to the flood in the Book of Genesis. There have been various flood stories
distinguished from antiquated sources scattered around the world. The stories that were found on
cuneiform tablets, which involve a portion of the most punctual surviving written work, and have
clear similitudes. The cuneiform style of writing was developed by the Sumerians and carried on by
the Akkadians. The Epic of Gilgamesh was contained on twelve extensive tablets, and since the first
discovery, it has been found on others and additionally having been converted into other early
languages. There are numerous similarities between the Gilgamesh flood account and the scriptural
flood account starting above all with God picking an honest man to assemble an ark as a result of a
looming incredible flood. In the two records, tests from all types of creatures were to be on the ark,
and birds were utilized after the downpours to decide whether flood waters had died down anyplace
to uncover dry land. There are different similitudes between the Gilgamesh flood account and the
scriptural flood account. The similarities between the flood account in both Genesis and Gilgamesh
continued with its location. Since these societies existed in Mesopotamia, it isn't out of the norm for
those two to share

Flooding In Mississippi In 1992: A Case Study
Flooding is a natural cause that happens when too much rain water overflows rivers and marshes,
but floods become a problem when they affect people who live around the area. This is what causes
it to be a natural disaster. In this paper, I am going to talk first about the flooding in Somerset, UK.
Second, I am going to talk about the flooding of the Mississippi in 1993. Finally, I will conclude
with how both of these floods could have been prevented and how they could help prevent a flood in
the future, along with my own opinion of what I have learned. The year of 2013–2014 Somerset had
a huge amount of rain during the winter season, which caused many of the marshes that hold the
rain water to become full and overflow into a small village of Mooreland (BBC Documentary,
2015). The village of Mooreland is located by a river that has many marshes around it that hold the
winter rain water until it is able to be pumped out. In the marshes, there are many man–made
ditches, drainages, and pumps to help prevent the small town from flooding, but the existing pumps
were unable to remove the water fast enough. Villagers who live in Mooreland believe that the
efforts of the Environment Agency were too little, too late when it came to help prevent the village
from flooding. The villagers understand that the village would have flooded either way, but they
believe ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Louis were trying to contain the water from the leak, the southern part of St. Louis was about to face
a much larger threat. The water was heading south towards 52 propane tanks (NOVA Flood!, 2015).
The water started to pull on the propane tanks, loosening from their cables. One of the tanks started
to leak, which became a huge problem for the community because one spark could have led to a
large explosion that could have been a mile wide. Luckily propane is heavier than air, so it sat lower
to the ground and it was much easier for the local firefighters to find it and water it

Analysis Of The 21st Century Flood Reform Act
On Tuesday, November 14, 2017 the US House of Representatives passed the 21st Century Flood
Reform Act (HR 2874) with a whopping 237 to 189 vote. If passed by the Senate and the President,
the bill would extend the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) for another 5 years. The NFIP,
which saw another devastating year of flood claims, is set to expire on December 8th. Our agent,
Brian T. Ford, has read the entire bill and has provided us with his highlights below. 21st Century
Flood Reform Act Highlights: Extends the NFIP until September 30, 2022 Decreases the maximum
annual premium rate increase from 18% to 15% Provides flood insurance affordability programs for
eligible low–income households The administrator of the NFIP, the Federal ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Increases the amount of surcharge from $25 to $40 for primary residences Decreases the surcharge
from $250 to $125 for non–primary residences located outside of special flood hazard areas
Increases the

Natural Flood Insurance Act Helps Protect Against Disaster
1. Introduction of NFIP
In 1968, after the publication of the National Flood Insurance Act, the Congress of the United States
created a program which is called The National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP). The purpose of
the program is to protect property owners against losses from flood by purchasing insurance from
the government. This insurance is designed to provide an insurance alternative to disaster assistance
to meet the escalating costs of repairing damage to buildings and their contents caused by floods.
(FEMA, 1986)
NFIP was created to reduce federal disaster aid by requiring homeowners in floodplain areas to buy
insurance that would replace government grants and loans. FEMA estimates that federal disaster aid
is reduced by $100 for every $300 worth of flood insurance that is sold. (David C, John. 2003)
What's more, one important principle of NFIP is to allow people to bear the costs of their choice of
places and to reduce the burden on taxpayers nationwide. In general, this program includes three
parts: providing flood insurance, implementing flood zone management rules and drawing flood
insurance rate map.
With the purpose of improving the efficiency of NFIP, since its issue, the program has been
amended for many times respectively in 1973, 1982, 1994 and 2004. In January 2014, the U.S
Senate passed the Homeowner Flood Insurance Affordability Act of 2014 –––– a bill would delay
the increases in flood insurance premiums that were part of the Biggert–Waters Flood

The Year Of The Flood Essay
The Year of the Flood Research Paper The novel The Year of the Flood by Margaret Atwood takes
the Biblical origin story of man and creates a Garden of Eden for the end of the world. The novel's
allusion to Genesis adds to the message that the hardships befalling humanity and the destruction of
the earth are due to man's sinful nature just as Adam and Eve's punishments and expulsion from
paradise were a direct result of their sin. Adam and Eve, the first to live immorally on earth, are now
recreated into a group of people that will witness the world's end in a reflection of its beginning. The
new Garden of Eden is created and lost in a time when new intelligence is created by man and evil
fights for the hold of man once more. However, just as the expulsion from the original Garden led to
the beginning of the world known today, the expulsion from the second Garden leads to the creation
of a new world where humanity is largely absent. In Genesis, Adam and Eve are created by God and
sent to rule over the Garden of Eden and to name and love all its creatures. Adam is a loyal and
faithful companion to his wife, Eve, and takes on the role of leader and protector of his family. Eve
is created as Adam's companion, later becomes the world's first sinner, and fills the role of caretaker
for her family. The Year of the Flood molds the roles of Adam and Eve and offers instead a series of
Adams and Eves as the highest members of a group of people known as God's Gardeners. The new
Adams

Demographic And Evacuation Planning Case Study
Demographic and Evacuation Planning: As Fargo's hazard consultants, we have come up with two
evacuation plans for residents of Fargo, North Dakota. The total population of Fargo is 113,658
people. Plan A accounts for a 100–year flood plain (38.1–foot gauge height) and Plan B accounts for
a 500–year flood plain (41–foot gauge height). Based on our research, the 100–year flood will occur
up to a gauge height of 38.1 feet (North Dakota State University). For Plan A, evacuation area
would be focused on but not limited to residents of Fargo from the Red River up until the I 29
highway. It would include most of East Fargo. Since the 100–year flood accounts only for most of
East Fargo, Plan A's evacuation plan is for residents up until the I 29 highway ... Show more content
These places will have important supplies such as blankets, sleeping bag, clothes and personal care
items (e.g., soap and toothpaste), and water and food to account for the residents. Our plan B
evacuation is for the 500–year flood plan of Fargo North Dakota. Through research, we estimated
the gauge height of the flood would reach 41 feet (North Dakota State University). Bachmeir et al.
(n.d.) explained that flood would account for most of the city of Fargo at this gauge height.
Therefore, as hazard consultants, we plan to carry out the same procedures of evacuation in a safe
and orderly fashion. Plan B evacuation process account for more residents of Fargo than plan A.
This means an increasing amount of preparing time for evacuation will last longer than a week. This
larger flood area would account for higher transportation which the city of Fargo would work with
nearby cities to work on getting other transportation to Fargo. Residents of Fargo would have to
evacuate to Valley City and Jamestown. Shelter destinations would be set up in advance with
schools, churches, including the North Dakota's football stadium in Grand Fork located 80 miles
from Fargo to hold the larger number of residents. Much more supplies of food, water, blankets,

Essay On Music Arts
The Cohen research project established that the treatment group had improved health after 1 year,
and the control group stated their health not good after the year (Flood & Phillips, 2007). The
control group re–counted a norm of 9 physician visits per year while the control group conveyed 13
visits in 1 year. The control group had more falls in 1 year, and treatment group conveyed less falls
in 1 year afterwards (Flood & Phillips, 2007). Medication consumption surged at a bigger ratio in
the control group, in comparison to the treatment group; furthermore, psychological health was
positively impacted by the intermediation (Flood & Phillips, 2007). The aftermath of partaking in a
music arts platform has an extensive beneficial health ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
(Flood & Phillips, 2007). Poetry writing became an operational beneficial instrument; consequently,
designs assisted employees in attaining better understanding into the point of view of their patients,
leading to more effective treatment strategies (Flood & Phillips, 2007).
Journal writing contributes to prospect for individuals to reflect on and evaluate their lives, in
addition to the occasions and individuals around them (Flood & Phillips, 2007). Occasions and
personal involvements are acknowledged in journals with importance positioned on the individual's
replications concerning procedures and the private connotation attributed to them (Flood & Phillips,
2007). Journaling allows individuals to pull on their innate assets and to reinforce inner capabilities
(Flood & Phillips, 2007). Brady and Sky (2003) did qualitative research on exploring previous and
present journal writing performances of elderly learners with special emphasis on questions of the
apparent reimbursements of journaling in the latter years (Flood & Phillips, 2007). Numerous
partakers had kept a journal occasionally during their lifetime; furthermore, it was common to
restart the rehearsal of keeping a journal since there were life–threatening occurrences happening in
their life (Flood & Phillips, 2007). The residents had important feeling to sort out through journaling
(Flood & Phillips, 2007). Numerous contributors openly denoted to the quiet time that was essential
for journaling and how

Chesterfield Flood Analysis
"On the evening of July 30th, 1993 shortly before the levee guarding the chesterfield valley then
known by the more rustically charming Gumbo Flats failed and the waters came rushing in." ( Frank
Johnson 2013) It was catastrophic for the business owners and the residents. It took years to rebuild
the chesterfield valley.
Now chesterfield has a levee that will reach 17 miles long around the floodplain and it is also a 500
year flood levee. Right now it measures to be about 10.5 miles long. Also a fun fact about the new
levee is that connects to the katy trail, also you can exercise on the levee. You can run, walk your
dog, bike,roller blade pretty much anything you can think of for exercise you can do on the levee.
Characterizing the Event ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Some business had to close up shop for good because they did not get a early enough warning. Only
160 out of the original 240 bussines were able to open back up. (leonard 2013) If they were been
able to tell people in advance maybe more of the businesses would have been able to comeback.
They should have been prepared with how much rain they were getting at the time of the flood.
They needed to be better prepared because they wouldn't have had such a disastrous outcome if they
were paying more attention to the levee and the water levels. Other emergency management
organizations could learn from this event by checking the levee or what ever else the town you live
in has to prevent floods monthly during flood season. Also they could put sandbags up if there is a
lot of rain at one time. They also could warn people in advance about the potential flood and if
possible go and get supplies for a set amount of time or if they have somewhere to go that is high
ground, after the news says to get to high ground. People also could already have an emergency
action plan for all of the potential disasters that could happen in their

Loyalty In The Year Of The Flood By Margaret Atwood
Loyalty is a complex concept that can be interpreted in many different ways. The understanding of
loyalty depends on one's view on life"," which demonstrates their interpretation of the concept of
loyalty. It is difficult to recognize loyal people in the world because of the uncertainty of their past
and their upbringing, however, in Margaret Atwood's novel, The Year Of The Flood, she clearly
demonstrates that in a world filled with betrayal and chaos, loyalty should not be disregarded, but
rather it should be obligatory. This is persistent with loyalty within factors of society, oneself, and
among friends. This is approached through her characters and the loyalty that is being broken along
with what should have been fulfilled for it not to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is hard for teenagers to be loyal to themselves because society is inflicting so much pressure on
them to be someone else. In The Year Of The Flood, Toby, the main character, is very insecure about
her body image and her personality, "she would cover the mirrors with pink towels to avoid being
startled by her own shape" (Atwood 95). Toby is a slim girl, however, she is not honest and true to
herself when it comes to loving herself. Toby should not criticize herself, especially in the society
she is living in, and should always think positively. Toby always receives kind feedback on her
body, "oh Tobiatha, if only I had your figure" (Atwood 17). The ladies at the AnooYoo spa envy her
for it, but she always twists the positive feedbacks and makes it negative, saying, " my body is
shrinking... I'm puckering, I'm dwindling...it'll be nothing but a hangnail"(Atwood 17). This portrays
just how disloyal she is to herself. She doesn't take the time to know herself and honor her feelings.
With the positive feedback, she should forgive herself and all the denial she has about herself. Ren
always hates the fact that her best friend, Amanda, is prettier than her. "Amanda's breasts started to
grow (Atwood 132), she had long luscious hair (Atwood 132)", however, Ren always curses her
body saying "I wish Jimmy loved me...He loves Amanda

Floods: Causes and Consequences
Introduction
Within the conceptual framework of this research, I would like to elaborate on causes and
consequences of floods. There are always floods somewhere in the world. They threat big
communities with millions of people, their lives and properties. Big floods always draw
international attention. In order to support my discussion about floods with concrete examples, I will
talk about causes and consequences of flood using Mississippi River basin.
The flood plain
A river's flood plain is central to any discussion of floods. A broad, nearly flat landform consisting
of stream–deposited sediment, the flood plain is inundated by flows in excess of channel capacity
(that is, a flood). The flood plain is higher along the edge of the ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
However, continued flooding, especially in the lower Mississippi Valley (which was spared from
1993's floods), led to continued pressure for a much greater federal role in flood control which
culminated in the Flood Control Act of 1917. This legislation authorized $45 million to be spent on
flood control, primarily levees. Flood control was now on equal footing with navigation, although
there was no basin–wide comprehensive planning. (Wegner 1993)
Preventing floods
"After 1917 an extensive system of levees, built to federal standards, increasingly prevented the
Mississippi from overflowing its banks onto its flood plain." (Ward 1978) Finally, the Mississippi's
flood problems seemed to be solved. Or were they? In 1927 a catastrophic flood on the lower
Mississippi resulted in a massive failure of the levee system and the flooding of 20,000 square
miles, the first time levees built to the Mississippi River Commission's standards had failed.
Obviously, levees were not the final solution to Mississippi River floods.
The federal government responded with the Flood Control Act of 1928 which provided for the
federal government to pay the entire cost of additional flood control measures. The Act authorized
expenditure of $325 million, an enormous amount when compared to what was spent prior to 1927.
Subsequent flood control acts in 1936 and 1938 led to an even greater federal role, not only in the
Mississippi Valley but elsewhere. The federal government has

Complications Of The Sweet Potato
AG – The sweet potato led to the death of well over a million people. Now, the sweet potato did not
directly kill all these people, but it did contribute to those deaths. On the other hand, the sweet
potato also saved many lives for the Chinese population. The sweet potato among other new world
crops were over monocropped. This meant that they were singularly planted, this drained the
nutrients from the soil. The sweet potato was the most popular crop coming from the New World
because corn competed with rice. The sweet could be planted almost anywhere. It also led to
deforestation. The problem is significant because the deforestation made the floods even more
popular. Which caused hundreds of floods. The floods led to the death of millions of people. When
the floods occurred they took away crops, soil, and nutrients in the soil. The best solution is to stop
monocropping and plant a diverse amount of crops in the area each year. Another great solution is to
continue planting more trees.
1 The introduction of the sweet potato had effects on the Chinese environment. 2 The sweet potato
was introduced to China from the Philippines by ships that were crossing the Atlantic, around the
1580s. The sweet potato likely came from the Central or South Americas. It was also monocropped
by the Chinese. The sweet potato came to China in a very important time. At the time, China had a
fourth of the world's population. They needed to feed these people on a twelfth of the world's
farmable

Archetype Of Flood In The Bible
So God said to Noah, "I am going to put an end to all people, for the earth is filled with violence
because of them. I am surely going to destroy both them and the earth." (New International Version,
Genesis 6.13) these words said by God in the book of Genesis led to one of the greatest disasters
told by men all over the globe. The story about the flood that brought an end to all of mankind. In
the story, God or a higher being chose a particular man to build an ark and take his loved ones, and
all the animals on the ark to survive the imminent flood. Not many believe this story, but there is
clear evidence to support that it did. A global flood clearly took place based on the flood archetype,
the geographical evidence, and the Bible. The accounts of the global flood were very similar, which
caused the flood archetype to come about. An archetype is the constant usage of certain ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
So many names for this book, which is more than a bunch stories and sacred text. The Bible also
serves as a history book. It proves a flood occurred, and one verse verse in particular gives it
credibility. Genesis 8:4 in the New International Version states, "and on the seventeenth day of the
seventh month the ark came to rest on the mountains of Ararat." This verse proves that a great flood
occurred because Mount Ararat is the same as Mount Nisir, the mountain Utnapishtim and his loved
ones landed on once the flood ended in the Epic of Gilgamesh. The fact that both mountains are the
same from a religious text and a literary text shows that the Bible is a historical book, and is a valid
for proving the great flood occurred. Genesis 6:17 says, "I am going to bring floodwaters on the
earth to destroy all life under the heavens, every creature that has the breath of life in it. Everything
on earth will perish." This is a direct quote from God, and because the bible is a valid source, this
quote is credible for the proving that a great flood

The Influence Of The Egyptian Flooding In Ancient Egypt
The Egyptians discovered that unlike other rivers, the Nile flowed from south to north and was in
flood at the warmest time of the year. This was a mystery to the ancient Egyptians, why the river
flooded and flowed this way as apposed to flowing north from the sea to south. This added to the
Magical beliefs and influences of the Nile.
The Nile flooded once a year and was call the "Annual Flood". This allowed the land around the
Nile to be cultivated and for civilizations to exist. Egyptians were able to predict the annual Nile
flooding through what was called a "Nilometer", as sometimes the flood was unpredictable. Too
much flood would wash away crops and buildings, but too little would cause drought and famine.
The simplest Nilometer was thought to be a long reeded stick, which was marked with
measurements to determine the heights of the river. The Nilometer also helped to determine how
good the crops would be that year. The flood would also play a part in a political role also, since the
quality and quantity of the years harvest would determine the tax payable. Later in time, Nilometer's
were thought to be staircases that lead down to the water from temples, which had horizontal marks
to the side of the steps. This also enabled the Egyptians to records past floods. ... Show more content
With the abundance of water and the high temperatures, this supported farming along the Nile and
the Delta. This provided valuable food for the general population throughout Egypt. The annual Nile
flood was important to the Egyptians of both Upper and Lower Egypt who based their lives around
this cycle. Ancient Egyptians divided their calendar up into three seasons, around the annual flood
as follows:

I Would Love You Ten Years Before The Flood By Thomas
This poem encompasses several life lessons that many people struggle with from day to day. This
includes not telling your spouse or loved one how much you adore them or appreciate them. In the
first line, the narrator starts off by explaining that if he had more time, he would go the extra mile to
notify his spouse of his love. This sets the tone for me because it gives a sense that the narrator is
feeling remorseful. His guiltiness is thoroughly explained by saying, "I would love you ten years
before the flood", and "My vegetable love should grow". These statements show how he would
resolve his ways, only if he had known beforehand. This relates to people nowadays because we fail
to grasp how great we have things until our most prized possessions are taken away. This not only
goes for materialistic items, but ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He enlightens us that when they have sex they will be pursuing time, instead of time pursuing them.
This also alludes to the rhetorical statement, "use your time wisely". Sometimes it is worth the risk
and you do not want to miss out on the chance of a lifetime. The theme of this poem is clearly stated
as telling your loved ones how much you love them and to never take them for granted. "Two
hundred for each breast" illuminates the extent he would go just to admire his spouse. The
affectionate the speaker wants to show his lover is physical love, not abstract love such as
compliments and gifts. As the poem comes to an end, the irony sets in, yet in a nauseating message.
The narrator states that if she does not lose her virginity to him, worms will devour her body and
have sex with her. "Then worms shall try that long–preserved virginity." The pressure the speaker
puts on his lover makes me uncomfortable because it does not work like that in the real world.
Overall, this poem opened my eyes to tell my loved ones how much I appreciate

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