Which of the following correctly states the functions of the roug.pdf
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Which of the following correctly states the functions of the rough endoplasmic reticulum ? lipid metabolism, cholesterol synthesis, and synthesis of the lipid components of lipoproteins absorption, synthesis, and transport of fats. storage of calcium ions synthesis of the cell\'s membranes Solution As per the given options rough endoplasmic reticulum functions are :- 2) Absorbtion, synthesis and transport of fats & 4) Synthesis of cell membranes Generally, the eucaryotic cell contains two types of endoplasmic reticulum i) Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum why named as rough means it contains ribosomes on it so, the surface of the reticulum looks rough. The main function of the rough ER is protein synthesis due to the ribosomes. Rough ER through the membrane contact sites contact with the other organells allowing the transfer of lipids and other small molecules. The intestinal cells, pancreatic cells, which involves in the absorption process contains more rough ER why because the proteins synthesized by the Rough ER involved in the intracellular transport of resynthesized lipids.So the rough ER indirectly helps in the absorption process. ii)Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum:- Due to the absence of ribosomes it looks smooth so named as smooth ER. The main role is lipid metabolism, and synthesis of carbohydrates and steroid harmones and storage of calcium ions So, in the given question the first option(Lipid metabolism, cholesterol synthesis, synthesis of lipid components of lipo proteins) indicates smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum functions 2nd option Absorbtion, synthesis and transport of fats indicates Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum functions 3rd Option Indicates(Storage of Calcium ions) smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum functions 4th Option is synthesis of cell membrane, For this function the main role of rough Endoplasmic reticulum is during the lipid transport the replenishment of new membranes is done by the morphological change of rough endoplasmic reticulum involved..
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With which portion of an epithelial cell in the stomach would food be.pdf
With which portion of an epithelial cell in the stomach would food be in contact? basal surface
basement membrane tight junctions apical surface gap junctions Which of the following
relationships between a tissue and its general function is not correct? Epithelial: control Nerve:
control Connective: support Muscle: movement Goblet cells are found in which of these
epithelia. Stratified squmous Simple squmaous Transitional Simple columnar
Solution
1. apical surface
The stomach surface is lined with mucus secreting columnar epithelial cells. A single
cell structure consists of three surfaces-apical, lateral and basal.
The apical surface faces the intestinal lumen. Extending from the apical surface are
numerous fingerlike projections (100 nm in diameter) called microvilli, referred as the brush
border due to their appearance. Microvilli greatly increase the area of the apical surface,
enhancing the absorptive and transportive capacity of the intestinal epithelium. Overlying the
brush border, are the oligosaccharide side chains of integral membrane glycoproteins,
glycolipids, and enzymes (glycocalyx) catalyzing the final digestion of ingested carbohydrates
and proteins. The resultant monosaccharides and amino acids produced are transported across the
intestinal epithelium and eventually into the bloodstream.
The lateral surface encloses tight junctions, adherens junctions, spotdesmosome, gap
junction, intermediate filament, and hemidesmosome.
-Tight junctions, prevent diffusion of substances between the intestinal lumen and the blood via
the extracellular space between cells. They function as a selective and semipermeable barrier
between apical and basolateral compartments of the epithelial layer. They facilitate the passage
of small ions and water-soluble solutes through the paracellular space while preventing the
passage of luminal antigens, microorganisms and their toxins.
-Gap junctions are door-like connections between each epithelial cells.They allow movement of
small molecules and ions between the cytosol of adjacent cells.
-The remaining three types of junctions, adherens junctions, spot desmosomes, and
hemidesmosomes are critical to cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion.
The basal surface of the epithelial cells is the basal lamina, consisting of a fibrous
network of collagen and proteoglycans that supports the epithelial cell layer.
2. epithelial:control
Epithelial cells line the body cavities and surface of organs and blood vessels. Their functions
include secretion, selective absorption, protection, transcellular transport, and sensing.
3. simple columnar
Goblet cells are found scattered among the epithelial cells, mostly in the respiratory and
intestinal tracts. These cells are simple columnar epithelial cells with a narrow base and
expanded apical portion (glandular shape). They secrete mucus which protect against stress and
chemical damage, and destroy the microorganisms and particulate matter..
Write the interface (.h file) of a class Accumulator containing A d.pdf
Write the interface (.h file) of a class Accumulator containing: A data member named sum of
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Structure
Coordinating
2 points
Question 15
In the early days of policing in England, the watchmen in a.
Q Describe the 2 types of homologs. (1) Orthologs (2) ParalogsS.pdf
Q: Describe the 2 types of homologs. (1) Orthologs (2) Paralogs
Solution
1. Orthologs: These are genes found in different species that resulted from speciation of a
common ancestral gene. During this event of evolution, the orthologs retain their original
function.
2. Paralogs: These genes are resulted from duplication event with a genome. And during the
evolution, paralogs evolve to attain new function unlike orthologs..
Please fix the java code (using eclipse)package hw4p1;import jav.pdf
Please fix the java code (using eclipse)
package hw4p1;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class MeanMedianHWv2 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
String[] arrDate = { \"\", \"\", \"\",\"\" };
Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
Boolean day = true;
// Year
do
{
System.out.println(\"Enter a year (2016)\");
arrDate[0] = in.next();
if (!arrDate[0].equalsIgnoreCase(\"2016\"))
{
System.out.println(\"Wrong Input. \'2016\' only! Try again.\");
}
else
{
arrDate[0] = \"2016\";
}
} while(!arrDate[0].equalsIgnoreCase(\"2016\"));
// Month
do
{
System.out.println(\"Enter a month (01)\");
arrDate[1] = in.next();
if (!arrDate[1].equalsIgnoreCase(\"01\"))
{
System.out.println(\"Wrong Input. \'01\' only! Try again!\");
}
else
{
arrDate[1] = \"01\";
}
} while(!arrDate[1].equalsIgnoreCase(\"01\"));
// Day
do
{
System.out.println(\"Enter a Day (04-10)\");
arrDate[2] = in.next();
//if (arrDate[2] > 10 || arrDate[2] < 4)
if (!arrDate[2].equalsIgnoreCase(\"04\"))
{
System.out.println(\"Wrong Inpit. \'04\' - \'10\' only! Try again!\");
}
//else if (arrDate[2] == 4)
else if (!arrDate[2].equalsIgnoreCase(\"05\"))
{
System.out.println(\"Error! Invalid day. Try again!\");
}
else if (!arrDate[2].equalsIgnoreCase(\"06\"))
{
System.out.println(\"Error! Invalid day. Try again!\");
}
else if (!arrDate[2].equalsIgnoreCase(\"07\"))
{
System.out.println(\"Error! Invalid day. Try again!\");
}
else if (!arrDate[2].equalsIgnoreCase(\"08\"))
{
System.out.println(\"Error! Invalid day. Try again!\");
}
else if (!arrDate[2].equalsIgnoreCase(\"09\"))
{
System.out.println(\"Error! Invalid day. Try again!\");
}
else if (!arrDate[2].equalsIgnoreCase(\"10\"))
{
System.out.println(\"Error! Invalid day. Try again!\");
}
else
{
arrDate[2] = \"04\";
day = false;
arrDate[2] = \"05\";
day = false;
arrDate[2] = \"06\";
day = false;
arrDate[2] = \"07\";
day = false;
arrDate[2] = \"08\";
day = false;
arrDate[2] = \"09\";
day = false;
arrDate[2] = \"10\";
day = false;
}
} while (day);
do {
System.out.println(\"which data? \'w\' for wind, \'b\' for baro pressure, \'t\' for temp\");
arrDate[3] = in.next();
if (!arrDate[3]. equalsIgnoreCase (\"w\") && !arrDate[3].equalsIgnoreCase(\"b\") &&
!arrDate[3].equalsIgnoreCase(\"t\"))
{
System.out.println(\"Wrong input. \'w\' / \'b\' / \'t\' only! Try again\");
}
//while(!arrDate[2].equalsIgnoreCase(\"04\") && !arrDate[2].equalsIgnoreCase(\"05\") &&
!arrDate[2].equalsIgnoreCase(\"05\"));
if (arrDate[3].equalsIgnoreCase(\"w\"))
{
System.out.println(\"w\");
}
else if (arrDate[3].equalsIgnoreCase(\"b\"))
{
System.out.println(\"b\");
}
else if (arrDate[3].equalsIgnoreCase(\"t\"))
{
System.out.println(\"t\");
}
} while (!arrDate[3].equalsIgnoreCase(\"w\") && !arrDate[3].equalsIgnoreCase(\"b\") &&
!arrDate[3].equalsIgnoreCase(\"t\"));
in.close();
String Date = arrDate[0] +.
Overview You are tasked with writing a program called Social Security.pdf
Overview You are tasked with writing a program called Social Security that prompts the user to
enter the data (name and date-ofbirth)for a collection of people. The program will then process
this collection (array) of People (objects we create in another file) to determine who qualifies for
Social Security benefits. Specifications For our Social Security program we will need two java
files 1. Person java The person class which stores the data for a specific individual 2.
SocialSecurity.java (The driver) Details for these two class files appear below. Person ava UML
diagram name: String birthdate: LocalDate Person0 Person (newName: String, month: int, day:
int, year: int) NetName newName: String) void getName(): String set BirthDate month int, day:
int, year int) void get BirthDate 0 LocalDate toString(): String calculate Age(myBirth
LocalDate) int Person ava method description Two constructors 1. A Default constructor that
creates a Person whose name and birthdate are set to null. 2. A parameterized constructor that
accepts a String representation of the name, and three integers corresponding to the month, day,
and year in which the person was born. Setters and getters for the two instance variables. A
toString0 method that prints the person in the form dob
Solution
import java.time.LocalDate;
import java.time.Period;
import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
import java.util.Scanner;
class Person {
String name;
LocalDate birthdate;
public Person() {
super();
}
public Person(String name, int month, int day, int year) {
super();
this.name = name;
this.birthdate = LocalDate.of(year, month, day);
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public LocalDate getBirthdate() {
return birthdate;
}
public void setBirthdate(int month, int day, int year) {
this.birthdate = LocalDate.of(year, month, day);
}
@Override
public String toString() {
DateTimeFormatter formatter = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(\"MM/dd/yyyy\");
birthdate.format(formatter);
return \"Person [name=\" + name + \", birthdate=\" + birthdate + \"]\";
}
public int calculateAge() {
return Period.between(birthdate, LocalDate.now()).getYears();
}
public void qualifySSN() {
if(this.calculateAge()>66)
System.out.println(\"Qualifies for Social Security Benifits\");
else
System.out.println(\"Doesnot qualifies for Social Security Benefits\");
}
}
public class SocialSecurity {
public static void main(String[] args) {
if (args.length > 1)
System.out.println(\"Invalid number of command line arguments\");
int num = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
Person[] p = new Person[num];
Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in).useDelimiter(\"\\\ \");
;
for (int i = 0; i < num; i++) {
System.out.println(\"enter persons name\");
String name = in.next();
System.out.println(\"enter date of birth in the format Month Day Year\");
String dob = in.next();
String[] temp = dob.split(\" \");
p[i] = new Person(name, Integer.parseInt(temp[0]), Integer.parseInt(temp[1]),
Integer.pa.
A geneticist Dr. O. Sophila discovers a new mutation that causes the .pdf
A geneticist Dr. O. Sophila discovers a new mutation that causes the flies to shake and quiver.
She calls this mutation spastic (sps) and determines that spastic is due to an autosomal recessive
mutation. She wants to determine if the spastic gene is linked to the gene for vestigial wings (vg)
- also a recessive phenotype. She has true breeding stocks for each kind of mutations. She
crosses a spastic fly with a vestigial wing fly and then uses the resulting F1 females in a
testcross. She obtains the following F2 flies from the testcross: Spastic with normal wings 230
NonSpastic with vestigial wings 224 Spastic with vestigial wings 97 NonSpastic with normal
wings 99 Are the genes that cause vestigial wings and the spastic mutation linked? Provide the
rationale to your answer. What is the genotype and phenotype of F1 females? Annotate the
genotype notation illustrates whether sps and vg alleles are in cis or trans arrangement to each
other. What is(are) phenotype(s) of th
Solution
Answer:
3.1)
Spastic (recessive) = s; Nonspastic (dominant)=s+
Vestigial wings (recessive)= v; Normal wings(dominant) = V
ssVV (spastic fly) x s+ s+ vv (Vestigial wings)-----P
sV s+v----------------------------gametes
s+sVv (nonspastic, normal wing)---------F1
F1 X ssvv------------Test cross.
During test cross, all the progeny should be in equal proportion, but it is not the case. So the
genes were linked.
3.2).
F1 phenotype= nonspastic, normal wing
Genotyope: s+sVv
Recessive allele of one gene and dominant allele of the other gene present on the same
chromosome, so the configuration of the genes is trans configuration.
3.3).
The recombinant phenotypes of F2 files are= spastic with vestigial wings and nonspastic with
normal wings
3.4).
spastic with normal wings = ss Vv
Nonspastic with vestigial wings = s+svv
Spastic with vestigial wings = ssvv
Nonspastic with normal wings= s+sVv
3.5).
%Recombinant frequency = map distance (map units)
Recombinat frequency = (total number of recombinants / Total progeny)100
= 97+99 = (196/650)100 = 30.15%
The genetic distance between the v and s genes is 30.15 map units.
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- 1. Which of the following correctly states the functions of the rough endoplasmic reticulum ? lipid metabolism, cholesterol synthesis, and synthesis of the lipid components of lipoproteins absorption, synthesis, and transport of fats. storage of calcium ions synthesis of the cell's membranes Solution As per the given options rough endoplasmic reticulum functions are :- 2) Absorbtion, synthesis and transport of fats & 4) Synthesis of cell membranes Generally, the eucaryotic cell contains two types of endoplasmic reticulum i) Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum why named as rough means it contains ribosomes on it so, the surface of the reticulum looks rough. The main function of the rough ER is protein synthesis due to the ribosomes. Rough ER through the membrane contact sites contact with the other organells allowing the transfer of lipids and other small molecules. The intestinal cells, pancreatic cells, which involves in the absorption process contains more rough ER why because the proteins synthesized by the Rough ER involved in the intracellular transport of resynthesized lipids.So the rough ER indirectly helps in the absorption process. ii)Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum:- Due to the absence of ribosomes it looks smooth so named as smooth ER. The main role is lipid metabolism, and synthesis of carbohydrates and steroid harmones and storage of calcium ions So, in the given question the first option(Lipid metabolism, cholesterol synthesis, synthesis of lipid components of lipo proteins) indicates smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum functions 2nd option Absorbtion, synthesis and transport of fats indicates Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum functions 3rd Option Indicates(Storage of Calcium ions) smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum functions 4th Option is synthesis of cell membrane, For this function the main role of rough Endoplasmic reticulum is during the lipid transport the replenishment of new membranes is done by the morphological change of rough endoplasmic reticulum involved.