Where are the large solar projects in Africa?
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The document outlines the state of large-scale solar projects across Africa, noting that over 1,800 MW of solar PV is already installed with another 4,100 MW scheduled, and that South Africa leads the continent with over 2,800 MW of installed capacity, followed by projects in North Africa and sub-Saharan Africa excluding South Africa. It also reviews the major solar markets across African regions and the drivers of solar development on the continent.
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#Prerequisites:
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The document discusses a proposal for a nuclear desalination project in South Africa. It would involve using a nuclear reactor to power a multi-flash desalination process to produce fresh water and electricity. The optimal location would consider factors like population, infrastructure, and water scarcity. Financial analysis shows the project could be economically viable and help develop South Africa's water, electricity, and transportation infrastructure over time. Partnerships with the South African government and energy companies like Eskom would be important to help meet the country's growing energy demands in a sustainable way.
ACCIONA ENERGY IN SOUTH AFRICA: A BUSINESS STRATEGY WITH SOCIAL VALUE
The purpose of this study is to show the ACCIONA Energy’s activity footprint in South Africa. The sustainable behavior of ACCIONA Energy requires the consideration of socio-economic and environmental aspects.
This study has been developed following a methodology based on an Input / Output coefficients approach derived from Leontief’s studies, with the support of EY know-how.
A Solar Powered Electricity Backup System For Fantsuam Foundation S Community...
Fantsuam Foundation in Kafanchan, Nigeria is implementing a community wireless network project to provide internet and intranet services. Reliable electricity is critical for the project but the region experiences frequent power outages and instability. The proposed project seeks funding to establish a solar-powered electricity backup system for Fantsuam Foundation's offices and network operation center to ensure stable internet services during power outages. The system will use batteries charged by the grid and a photovoltaic subsystem. It will provide backup power for offices, street lights, a wireless tower light, and extend the wireless network through solar-powered radio repeaters.
Power Up: Delivering renewable energy in Africa
Africa needs “giant leap” to achieve 2030 renewable power goals, according to our new report, commissioned by IHS Towers.
Energy as an Opportunity for Telecom Operators
1. Over 1.2 billion people worldwide lack access to electricity, with the majority living in sub-Saharan Africa and developing Asia.
2. Lack of access to electricity equates to material poverty and restricts economic, educational, and social development.
3. Telecom operators face challenges to continued growth from lack of rural electrification, but they are well positioned to develop commercial community micro-grid solutions to expand energy access.
4-RE Status.Phils (1).pdf
The document discusses renewable energy development in the Philippines, with an emphasis on geothermal energy. It provides statistics on geothermal energy production and capacity in the Philippines. It also outlines some challenges facing geothermal development, including environmental concerns, high costs, lack of awareness, and lengthy permitting processes. Additionally, it discusses the country's renewable energy roadmap and goals, status of major projects, and challenges in developing renewable energy in the Visayas region.
West Africa - Summary of development and delivery activities for out-scaling...
West Africa - Summary of development and delivery activities for out-scaling...International Institute of Tropical Agriculture
The document summarizes development and delivery activities in 2016 for out-scaling agricultural research technologies in West Africa, and plans for 2017. In 2016, technologies for crops like maize, cassava, and yam were delivered to farmers through 35 projects totaling $266 million. Specifically, the Yam Improvement for Incomes and Food Security in West Africa project introduced virus-free propagation methods, aeroponics systems, and quality management to over 120,000 farmers. Plans for 2017 include further disseminating seed yam production using aeroponics and one-node vine cuttings to additional farmers and seed companies across Nigeria and Ghana.Singapore Energy Mapping
The document discusses renewable energy sources and their potential in Singapore. It notes that while Singapore receives abundant tropical solar energy, the limited wind speeds restrict wind power potential. Geothermal and hydroelectric energy sources are also insufficient due to Singapore's geography. Biomass is mostly used for industrial purposes currently. The document outlines Singapore's energy consumption and sources, with the power grid relying heavily on natural gas imports. It suggests harnessing more renewable sources and adopting lifestyle changes to differing energy landscapes could help address Singapore's energy issues going forward.
accelerating-mini-grid-deployment-sub-saharan-africa_1.pdf
The document provides an overview and analysis of mini-grid development in Tanzania based on interviews and research. Some key findings:
- Tanzania has over 100 mini-grids powered by hydro, fossil fuels, biomass, solar and hybrid technologies. The number and capacity of mini-grids has nearly doubled since 2008 policy reforms.
- The initial 2008 policy favored hydro and biomass but did not support solar/wind. The 2015 revisions differentiated tariffs by technology and introduced competitive bidding to better support solar and wind.
- Mini-grids are owned and operated by the national utility, private companies, faith groups and communities, with varying levels of financial sustainability.
- The process for obtaining necessary approvals
Renewable Energy status and road-map of Bangladesh and support of UNDP-GEF
The document discusses renewable energy status and roadmap in Bangladesh. It provides an overview of current renewable energy capacity, policies and targets. Bangladesh aims to generate 30% of power from renewable sources by 2041 according to its Delta Plan. Current renewable energy capacity is only 3% of total generation but serves 13% of the population. Several ongoing and planned initiatives are discussed, including solar parks, mini-grids, irrigation projects, and a roadmap to achieve 30% renewable energy by 2041 through various programs and by addressing challenges such as land acquisition and grid integration.
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Null Bangalore | Pentesters Approach to AWS IAM
#Abstract:
- Learn more about the real-world methods for auditing AWS IAM (Identity and Access Management) as a pentester. So let us proceed with a brief discussion of IAM as well as some typical misconfigurations and their potential exploits in order to reinforce the understanding of IAM security best practices.
- Gain actionable insights into AWS IAM policies and roles, using hands on approach.
#Prerequisites:
- Basic understanding of AWS services and architecture
- Familiarity with cloud security concepts
- Experience using the AWS Management Console or AWS CLI.
- For hands on lab create account on [killercoda.com](https://killercoda.com/cloudsecurity-scenario/)
# Scenario Covered:
- Basics of IAM in AWS
- Implementing IAM Policies with Least Privilege to Manage S3 Bucket
- Objective: Create an S3 bucket with least privilege IAM policy and validate access.
- Steps:
- Create S3 bucket.
- Attach least privilege policy to IAM user.
- Validate access.
- Exploiting IAM PassRole Misconfiguration
-Allows a user to pass a specific IAM role to an AWS service (ec2), typically used for service access delegation. Then exploit PassRole Misconfiguration granting unauthorized access to sensitive resources.
- Objective: Demonstrate how a PassRole misconfiguration can grant unauthorized access.
- Steps:
- Allow user to pass IAM role to EC2.
- Exploit misconfiguration for unauthorized access.
- Access sensitive resources.
- Exploiting IAM AssumeRole Misconfiguration with Overly Permissive Role
- An overly permissive IAM role configuration can lead to privilege escalation by creating a role with administrative privileges and allow a user to assume this role.
- Objective: Show how overly permissive IAM roles can lead to privilege escalation.
- Steps:
- Create role with administrative privileges.
- Allow user to assume the role.
- Perform administrative actions.
- Differentiation between PassRole vs AssumeRole
Try at [killercoda.com](https://killercoda.com/cloudsecurity-scenario/)
原版制作(Humboldt毕业证书)柏林大学毕业证学位证一模一样
原件一模一样【微信：bwp0011】《(Humboldt毕业证书)柏林大学毕业证学位证》【微信：bwp0011】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问微bwp0011
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【微bwp0011】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【微bwp0011】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
AI for Legal Research with applications, tools
AI applications in legal research include rapid document analysis, case law review, and statute interpretation. AI-powered tools can sift through vast legal databases to find relevant precedents and citations, enhancing research accuracy and speed. They assist in legal writing by drafting and proofreading documents. Predictive analytics help foresee case outcomes based on historical data, aiding in strategic decision-making. AI also automates routine tasks like contract review and due diligence, freeing up lawyers to focus on complex legal issues. These applications make legal research more efficient, cost-effective, and accessible.
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Software Testing: A Strategic Approach to Software Testing, Strategic Issues, Test Strategies for Conventional Software, Test Strategies for Object -Oriented Software, Validation Testing, System Testing, The Art of Debugging.
Agile Methodology: Before Agile – Waterfall, Agile Development.
Generative AI Use cases applications solutions and implementation.pdf
Generative AI solutions encompass a range of capabilities from content creation to complex problem-solving across industries. Implementing generative AI involves identifying specific business needs, developing tailored AI models using techniques like GANs and VAEs, and integrating these models into existing workflows. Data quality and continuous model refinement are crucial for effective implementation. Businesses must also consider ethical implications and ensure transparency in AI decision-making. Generative AI's implementation aims to enhance efficiency, creativity, and innovation by leveraging autonomous generation and sophisticated learning algorithms to meet diverse business challenges.
https://www.leewayhertz.com/generative-ai-use-cases-and-applications/
Use PyCharm for remote debugging of WSL on a Windo cf5c162d672e4e58b4dde5d797...
This document serves as a comprehensive step-by-step guide on how to effectively use PyCharm for remote debugging of the Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) on a local Windows machine. It meticulously outlines several critical steps in the process, starting with the crucial task of enabling permissions, followed by the installation and configuration of WSL.
The guide then proceeds to explain how to set up the SSH service within the WSL environment, an integral part of the process. Alongside this, it also provides detailed instructions on how to modify the inbound rules of the Windows firewall to facilitate the process, ensuring that there are no connectivity issues that could potentially hinder the debugging process.
The document further emphasizes on the importance of checking the connection between the Windows and WSL environments, providing instructions on how to ensure that the connection is optimal and ready for remote debugging.
It also offers an in-depth guide on how to configure the WSL interpreter and files within the PyCharm environment. This is essential for ensuring that the debugging process is set up correctly and that the program can be run effectively within the WSL terminal.
Additionally, the document provides guidance on how to set up breakpoints for debugging, a fundamental aspect of the debugging process which allows the developer to stop the execution of their code at certain points and inspect their program at those stages.
Finally, the document concludes by providing a link to a reference blog. This blog offers additional information and guidance on configuring the remote Python interpreter in PyCharm, providing the reader with a well-rounded understanding of the process.
22CYT12-Unit-V-E Waste and its Management.ppt
Introduction- e - waste – definition - sources of e-waste– hazardous substances in e-waste - effects of e-waste on environment and human health- need for e-waste management– e-waste handling rules - waste minimization techniques for managing e-waste – recycling of e-waste - disposal treatment methods of e- waste – mechanism of extraction of precious metal from leaching solution-global Scenario of E-waste – E-waste in India- case studies.
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VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVE. VFDs are widely used in industrial applications for...
Variable frequency drive .A Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) is an electronic device used to control the speed and torque of an electric motor by varying the frequency and voltage of its power supply. VFDs are widely used in industrial applications for motor control, providing significant energy savings and precise motor operation.
一比一原版(uofo毕业证书)美国俄勒冈大学毕业证如何办理
原版一模一样【微信：741003700 】【(uofo毕业证书)美国俄勒冈大学毕业证成绩单】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
办理(uofo毕业证书)美国俄勒冈大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】外观非常简单，由纸质材料制成，上面印有校徽、校名、毕业生姓名、专业等信息。
办理(uofo毕业证书)美国俄勒冈大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】格式相对统一，各专业都有相应的模板。通常包括以下部分：
校徽：象征着学校的荣誉和传承。
校名:学校英文全称
授予学位：本部分将注明获得的具体学位名称。
毕业生姓名：这是最重要的信息之一，标志着该证书是由特定人员获得的。
颁发日期：这是毕业正式生效的时间，也代表着毕业生学业的结束。
其他信息：根据不同的专业和学位，可能会有一些特定的信息或章节。
办理(uofo毕业证书)美国俄勒冈大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】价值很高，需要妥善保管。一般来说，应放置在安全、干燥、防潮的地方，避免长时间暴露在阳光下。如需使用，最好使用复印件而不是原件，以免丢失。
综上所述，办理(uofo毕业证书)美国俄勒冈大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】是证明身份和学历的高价值文件。外观简单庄重，格式统一，包括重要的个人信息和发布日期。对持有人来说，妥善保管是非常重要的。
IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Society as a Graduate Student Member
IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Society as a Graduate Student Member
Comparative analysis between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquapon...
The aquaponic system of planting is a method that does not require soil usage. It is a method that only needs water, fish, lava rocks (a substitute for soil), and plants. Aquaponic systems are sustainable and environmentally friendly. Its use not only helps to plant in small spaces but also helps reduce artificial chemical use and minimizes excess water use, as aquaponics consumes 90% less water than soil-based gardening. The study applied a descriptive and experimental design to assess and compare conventional and reconstructed aquaponic methods for reproducing tomatoes. The researchers created an observation checklist to determine the significant factors of the study. The study aims to determine the significant difference between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquaponics systems propagating tomatoes in terms of height, weight, girth, and number of fruits. The reconstructed aquaponics system’s higher growth yield results in a much more nourished crop than the traditional aquaponics system. It is superior in its number of fruits, height, weight, and girth measurement. Moreover, the reconstructed aquaponics system is proven to eliminate all the hindrances present in the traditional aquaponics system, which are overcrowding of fish, algae growth, pest problems, contaminated water, and dead fish.
Design and optimization of ion propulsion drone
Electric propulsion technology is widely used in many kinds of vehicles in recent years, and aircrafts are no exception. Technically, UAVs are electrically propelled but tend to produce a significant amount of noise and vibrations. Ion propulsion technology for drones is a potential solution to this problem. Ion propulsion technology is proven to be feasible in the earth’s atmosphere. The study presented in this article shows the design of EHD thrusters and power supply for ion propulsion drones along with performance optimization of high-voltage power supply for endurance in earth’s atmosphere.
2008 BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Illustrated - Ching Chapter 02 The Building.pdf
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Use PyCharm for remote debugging of WSL on a Windo cf5c162d672e4e58b4dde5d797...
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Where are the large solar projects in Africa?
- 1. Where are the large scale solar projects in Africa? September 2016 An initiative of
- 2. Key facts on Africa’s Solar Energy • Solar energy reserves in Africa estimated at almost 40% of the globe. • 85% of the continent's landscape received 2,000 kWh/m²/ year. PS: Average annual Insolation is 900 kWh/m² for UK • 3 deserts in Africa: Kalahari, Namib, Sahara (Largest in the World). Sources: German Aerospace Center, Institute of Technical Thermodynamics, Section Systems Analysis and Technology Assessment (April 2005), Solar GIS 2
- 3. Africa is world’s sunniest continent PVGIS Database 3
- 4. Overall Picture • 1,877 MW of Solar PV already installed. • 4,122 MW of solar PV scheduled. • South Africa undisputed champion (thanks to its renewable energy programme (REIPPP). • 52% of future projects in sub-Sahara Africa (excl. South Africa). ON (MW) Weight OFF (MW) Weight Total (MW) Weight South Africa 1361 72.5% 1527 37.0% 2888 48.1% Sub-Saharan Africa- South Africa 28.5 1.5% 2148 52.1% 2176.5 36.3% North Africa 488 26.0% 447 10.8% 935 15.6% Total (MW) 1877.5 100.0% 4122 100.0% 5999.5 100% Weight 31.3% 68.7% 100% 4 Sources: www.pv-magazine.com, www.irena.org, www.pv-tech.org, www.esi-africa.com, www.cleantechnica.com
- 5. Solar Technologies • 1,177 MW of Concentrated Solar Power (CSP). • 4,829.5 MW of Photovoltaics (PV). • CSP projects only in North Africa and South Africa. • More than 80% of new projects are PV. • Only 7.6% of solar PV in North Africa CSP (MW) Weight PV (MW) Weight Total (MW) Weight South Africa 600 51.3% 2288 47.4% 2888 48.1% Sub-Saharan Africa - South Africa 0 0.0% 2176.5 45.1% 2176.5 36.3% North Africa 570 48.7% 365 7.6% 935 15.6% Total 1170 100.0% 4829.5 100.0% 5999.5 100% Weight 19.5% 80.5% 100% 5 Sources: www.pv-magazine.com, www.irena.org, www.pv-tech.org, www.esi-africa.com, www.cleantechnica.com
- 6. Main Drivers • Solar PV modules cost reduction (80% since 2009 according to IRENA). • Renewable policy initiatives in various African states. • International programmes & partnerships: Power Africa, US Electric Africa, UK RECP, EU China India 6
- 7. North Africa • 3 heavyweights: Algeria, Egypt, Morocco. • Algeria holds biggest solar capacity installed. • Morocco is building wold largest solar complex , Noor 1, 2, 3 (510 MW). Countries Solar Target (MW) Target year ON (MW) OFF (MW) Additional Info Algeria 12,000 2030 288 0 1 CSP plant (20 MW) Egypt 2,000 2020 20 97 1 CSP plant (20 MW) Morocco 2,000 2020 180 350 510 MW CSP @ Ouarzazate 7 Sources: www.pv-magazine.com, www.irena.org, www.pv-tech.org, www.esi-africa.com, www.cleantechnica.com
- 8. West Africa • Market dominated by Ghana and Nigeria. • Ghana was a pioneer with 10% renewables target. • Ghana is constructing Nzema, biggest solar PV (155 MW) in Africa. • Nigeria big market is building up. • Senegal joined IFC Scaling Solar. Countries Solar Target (MW) Target year ON (MW) OFF (MW) Additional Info Burkina Faso 0 53 Ghana Part of Renewables: 10% 2020 20 255 155 MW Nzema will be biggest solar PV in Africa Nigeria 1,125 2020 0 675 Big market in development Senegal 200 2019 0 20 Joined IFC Scaling Solar Sierra-Leone 6 Solar Revolution in development 8 Sources: www.pv-magazine.com, www.irena.org, www.pv-tech.org, www.esi-africa.com, www.cleantechnica.com
- 9. East Africa • 3 big markets: Ethiopia, Kenya, Uganda. • Kenya led the way with FiT policy since 2008. • Rwanda built Africa fastest solar PV, Rwagamama in just 1 year. Countries Solar Target (MW) Target year ON (MW) OFF (MW) Additional Info Ethiopia Not known 0 300 Will expand electricity from 55% to 75% Kenya Not known 0 100 Solar included in 2010 FiT revision Rwanda Not known 8.5 0 Fastest Africa solar project build in one year Uganda Not known 0 510 9 Sources: www.pv-magazine.com, www.irena.org, www.pv-tech.org, www.esi-africa.com, www.cleantechnica.com
- 10. Southern Africa • Market dominated by South Africa, largest market in continent. • Zambia joined IFC Scaling Solar to respond to respond to power crisis. Countries Solar Target (MW) Target year ON (MW) OFF (MW) Additional Info Zambia 600 2019 0 79 Joined IFC Scaling Solar Zimbabwe 300 2018 0 150 South Africa 8,400 2030 1361 1527 REIPPP is main driver 10 Sources: www.pv-magazine.com, www.irena.org, www.pv-tech.org, www.esi-africa.com, www.cleantechnica.com