West Africa - Summary of development and delivery activities for out-scaling R4D technologies for greater impact during 2016 and plans for 2017

http://www.iita.org/web/yiifswa/home
West Africa - Summary of
development and delivery
activities for out-scaling R4D
technologies for greater impact
during 2016 and plans for 2017
N. Maroya et al.
P4D week; 21 November 2016
Ibadan, Nigeria

1. Introduction of R4D Technologies in West Africa
2. Summary of West Africa Delivery Projects
3. Out-scaling of YIIFSWA R4D Technologies
4. Delivery of Aeroponics System for seed yam production in WA
5. Plans for 2017: YIIFSWA-II
6. Conclusion
OUTLINE

1- Introduction of R4D
Technologies in West Africa
1. The activities for out-scaling R4D technologies (lab & field)
1. Crop Improvement and Seed Systems
2. Cropping system and Natural Resources Management
3. Post harvest: Processing, Food and Nutrition
4. Economy and Social Science etc.
2. Cassava based R4D Technologies
3. Maize based R4D Technologies
4. Banana & Plantain based Technologies
5. Cowpea and Soybean based Technologies

1- Introduction of R4D
Technologies in West Africa
Categories of projects Number of project Projects budgets
1 R4D Project in West Africa 31 28,464,242
2 Technology Delivery Projects 35 238,405,150
3 Total West Africa projects 66 266,869,392

Delivery Projects in West Africa Life budget (USD)
1 PJ-001371: The Multinational - CGIAR Project: Support to Agricultural Research for Development on Strategic
Commodities in Africa (SARD-SC) 62,247,350
2 PJ-002011: AfricaYam: Enhancing yam breeding for increased productivity and improved quality in West Africa
13,500,000
3 PJ-001325: Yam Improvement for Incomes and Food Security in West Africa (YIIFSWA)
13,497,699
4 PJ-002411: Stress Tolerant Maize for Africa (STMA)
7,000,000
5 PJ-002182: BBTV Mitigation: Community Management in Nigeria, and Screening Wild Banana Progenitors for Resistance
345,069
6 PJ-002316: Aflasafe Technical Transfer and Commercialization (ATTC)
11,960,000
7 PJ-001636: Supporting Soil Health Consortia in West Africa- facilitating wider uptake of better adapted ISFM practices with
visible positive impacts on rural livelihoods 1,499,844
8 PJ-002080: Tropical Legumes III - Improving Livelihoods for Smallholder Farmers: Enhanced Grain Legume Productivity
and Production In Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia 5,113,270.54
9 PJ-001803: Purdue Improved Crop Storage (PICS3) Project in Ghana, Tanzania, and Nigeria
852,438
10 PJ-001947: Putting Nitrogen Fixation to Work for Smallholder Farmers in Africa (N2Africa) Phase II (BMGF Grant No.
OPP1020032) 22,657,041
11 PJ-002254: ACAI : African Cassava Agronomy Initiative (OPP1130649)
14,399,187
12 PJ-002198: Advancing Productive Engagement in Agribusiness through the IITA Youth Agripreneur Approach to scale for
rural youth in Nigeria, Kenya and DR Congo (YADI 2) 499,600
13 PJ-001674: Enhancing the competitiveness of High Quality Cassava Flour Value Chain in West and Central Africa
2,450,000
14 PJ-001535: Institutionalization of quality assurance mechanism and dissemination of top quality commercial products to
increase crop yields and improve food security of smallholder farmers in sub-Saharan Africa – COMPRO-II 7,155,032
15 PJ-002113: Transformation of agronomic research and delivery services for smallholder farmers in maize-based systems
of Sub-Saharan Africa with a focus on Ethiopia, Nigeria, and Tanzania (TAMASA) 2,669,194

16
PJ-002047: Taking cowpeas to scale in West Africa (Seed Scaling: Cowpea for West Africa)
4,312,000
17
PJ-002083: Community action in improving the quality of farmer saved seed yam (CAY-seed)
523,062
18
PJ-001092: CP-HarvestPlus No. 5206: Biofortification of Tropical Maize to Combat Micronutrient Malnutrition
3,515,000
19
PJ-002457: Improving food security in Africa through increased system productivity of biomass-based value webs
(BiomassWeb): Cassava web innovations (WP 5.3) 183,189.02
20
PJ-001120: Mitigating hidden hunger with cassava as source of pro-vitamin A carotenoids
5,708,665
21
PJ-001320: Yams for food and wealth in Africa: Tools for rapid propagation and accelerating breeding
473,440
22
PJ-001322: Research Project on Aflatoxin Control in Maize Through Aflatoxin Resistant Maize Variety Breeding And
Other Aflatoxin Management Methods 200,000
23
PJ-001454: Increasing Productivity and Utilization of Food Yams in Africa
1,521,127
24
PJ-001567: Dissemination of foundation seeds and planting materials of improved varieties of maize, soybean and
cassava to stimulate the production of good quality certified seeds/planting materials in Nigeria. 400,000
25
PJ-001765: Sustainable Weed Management Technologies for Cassava Systems in Nigeria
7,656,326
26
PJ-001773: AgResults Initial Pilot Projects
3,683,886
27
PJ-001999: Upgrading Ondo State Agricultural Village, Ore
384,686.35
28
PJ-001877: Cassava: Adding Value for Africa Phase II (CAVA II)
203,955
29
PJ-001997: Cassava Enterprise Value Chain Development Project at Otu Ogbooro and Igboho Communities, Itesiwaju,
Shaki East and Orelope LGAs, Oyo State 274,669.61
30
PJ-001942: Nigeria Agricultural Transformation Agenda Support Program - Phase 1 (ATASP-1 Outreach Program)
20,000,566

31 PJ-002034: Harnessing the energy of youths in the Niger-Delta to be productively engaged in Agribusiness
571,699.42
32 PJ-002340: Building Nutritious Food Baskets: Scaling up Biofortified Crops for Nutrition Security in Nigeria and
Tanzania (Reaching Agents of Change Phase 2) 130,537
33 West Africa Seed Program (WASP)
435,433
34 Sustainable Intensification of Key Farming Systems in the Sudano-Sahelian Zone of West Africa
15,563,392
35 Collaboration in the framework of the World Bank’s West Africa Agricultural Productivity Program (WAAPP - 1C Sierra
Leone) 1,489,644.00
35 Improving Rural Livelihoods through Integrated Production and Commercialization of Rice and Cassava (WAAPP
Liberia) 751,133.13
Liberia: Smallholder Agricultural Productivity Enhancement and Commercialization (SAPEC) Project
1,595,200.00
TOTAL BUDGET WEST AFRICA DELIVERY PROJECTS 235,423,334

Yam based Technologies: Case of YIIFSWA
 5 Years Project :September 2011 to October 2016
 (1) Increase productivity (yield and net output) by 40% for 200,000
smallholder yam farmers in Nigeria and Ghana and (2) deliver key
global good research products that will contribute to the longer term
vision of improving yam productivity and livelihoods of yam
dependent farmers
 Initially US $12 million but finished at US $13.5 million
 IITA led project with many partners (NRI/UK; AGRA/FOSCA; NRCRI;
CRI; SARI; NASC, PPRSD; NACGRAB; GLDB; UI; KNUST; local NGOs etc.)
 Maroya et al. 2014a . Project description. Working Paper 1. 18 pp. ISBN: 978-978-
8444-36-7
 Maroya et al. 2014d. Journal of Root Crops, 2014, Vol. 40 No. 1, pp. 85-92; Indian
Society for Root Crops ISSN 0378-2409

2- Out-scaling of YIIFSWA key
breakthroughs technologies
Technology Transfer

Technology Transfer 1
Virus elimination
Multiplex detection of 3 viruses (Cost reduction 3 times)
Cost-effective; lab based technique with field application
LAMP:-Cheap; Quick; lab & field base

Temporary Immersion
Bioreactor System
CTC TIBS
Average space per plantlet: 139.cm3 13.8 cm3
Average number of node 8 weeks 4 8
Time for acclimation: 98 days 70 days
% survival direct planting in AS 24.1 94.6
128unitsatIITA
1- M.O. Balogun et al. 2014. Status and prospects for improving
yam seed systems using Temporary Immersion Bioreactors.
African Journal of Biotechnology, 13(15): 1614-1622.
2- M. O. Balogun et al. 2014b. Novelty, rapidity and quality in
seed yam production: the case of Temporary Immersion
Bioreactors. WP No. 6, 10 pp. ISBN 978-978-8444-55-8

The Aeroponics
System (AS)
1- N. Maroya et al. 2014b. Seed Yam Production in Aeroponics
System: A Novel Technology. YIIFSWA Working Paper No 2. IITA,
Ibadan, Nigeria. 9 pages. © IITA-YIIFSWA; 2014. ISBN 978-978-
8444-37-4.
2- N. Maroya et al. 2014c. Yam propagation using Aeroponics
technology. Annual Research & Review in Biology 4(24): 3849-
3903.
- 3 mini tubers per plant every 3 -4 months
- 45g average weight of mini-tuber
- 300 one node vines per plant from 6 months
- Up to 36 months of age of yam plants in AS
- 92% vines development on field

Yam Quality
Management Protocol

Adapted Yam Minisett
Technology (AYMT)
B. A. Aighewi et al. 2015. Improved propagation
methods to raise the productivity of yam
(Dioscorea rotundata Poir.), Food Security. DOI
10.1007/s12571‐015‐0481‐6
4,983 Reads in
Researchgate as
of Nov. 10, 2016
Over 120,000 small holder farmers trained

3- Delivery of Aeroponics
System for seed yam
production in West Africa

AS at Biocrops Biotechnology Nigeria
Limited

Aeroponics at Biochemical Ghana Products Ltd.

AS at NRCRI for training seed companies

Fully established Aeroponics System for seed
yam production at CRI in Kumasi, Ghana
NB: AS at CRI is using solar energy built on the powerhouse

The Foundation is very much interested by
Aeroponics System and its outputs

4- Plans for 2017: YIIFSWA-II
 5 Years Project : November 2016 to December 2021
 Budget 12 million
 Establish a robust seed yam system in both Nigeria and Ghana that
uses a market-based, integrated approach to deliver clean, quality
seed yam of improved varieties to at least 320,000 smallholder
farmers for long-term benefits in 6 states of Nigeria and 2 regions of
Ghana by the end of the project. YIIFSWA-II over the next five years
will improve livelihoods of at least 1.6 million people who depend
directly on the yam value chain
 IITA led project with partners (Context/Sahel; NRCRI; Private seed
companies; CRI; SARI; NASC, PPRSD; NACGRAB; etc.)

YIIFSWA-II plan for 2017
2. Submit for foundation review and approval business plan based on cost
tracking system implemented for demonstration Basic Seed production facility
incorporating seed companies and Foundation feedback
3. MOU’s fully executed and shared with the Foundation with a minimum of 3-
10 well-resourced seed companies detailing intended commitments to invest in
AS technology, screen houses and at least 30 ha of aggregate land dedicated for
annual Basic seed yams production
1. The IITA Aeroponics systems(“AS”) will be
converted to a seed production facility,
demonstrating the business case by producing
enough vine cutting plantlets to establish 5 hectares
of field with a minimum harvest of 80,000 certified
Basic Seed yams by the end of 2017.

One node vine cuttings from Aeroponics
System in September and transplanted on
field at Ibadan in October

5- Conclusion
In 2017 many crops (Maize, Cassava, Yam, Banana and
Plantain; Cowpea and Soybean etc.) technologies through
35 projects will be out-scaled for greater impact in West
Africa including the seed yam production using one node
vine cutting from Aeroponics.

Thank you for your attention
YIIFSWA information available at http://www.iita.org/web/yiifswa/home

Mini and micro-tubers
generated from AS
After 4 months of growth of
yam plantlets on AS, the
tuber production will start.
If the tubers are not
harvested after some time
they will rotten.
N. Maroya et al. 2015a. Aeroponics System: An effective
High Ratio Seed Yam Propagation Technology. Abstract ID
1160, p. 374 of the book of abstracts ISBN 978-3-7369-
9092-0 edited by Eric Tielkes. Tropentag 2015:
www.trotentag.de.
N. Maroya et al. 2015b. Abstract of oral presentation on
“Performance And Productivity Of Micro-seed Yam From
Aeroponics System “in book of abstracts of the III
International Symposium on Roots, Rhizomes, Tubers,
Plantains, Bananas and Papaya held at Bolívar Conventions
Center in Santa Clara city, Cuba, October 20-23, 2015.

Existing screenhouse non
adapted to Aeroponics system
New screenhouse adapted for
Aeroponics System
Challenges due to heat

Which types and quantity of fertilizer to use for yam?
Fertilizers used
1- Ammonium Nitrate (N)
2- Triple Super Phosphate (P)
3- Potassium Sulphate (K; S)
4- Magnesium Sulphate (Mn)
5- Calcium Nitrate (Ca)
6- Microsol (Fe; Cu; Zn; B; Mo
& Mn)

Pre-rooted vine cuttings planted in October 2016 at IITA-Ibadan

Plan of sampling units for follow up of infestation
TDr95/19177; DoP: 4 to 26 Oct 2016
Activities
• 5 sampling units as shown in the figure will be marked
• Each sampling block is of 10 m x 10 m size; this will be
marked.
• Every plant in each black will be assessed for symptoms on
weekly basis for the first 4 weeks; and then at bi-weekly basis
till saturation point.
• Every symptomatic plant observed in a week will be tagged;
and only new infections will be counted in each week.
• Samples (one leaf) will be tested for virus at the end of 4
weeks of observation and again at saturation (bulk sampling)
• Number of aphids collected in the water trap will be counted
and they will be assessed for species identity;
• Note: This work will not interfere or disturb the intended
purpose of this field trial
Expected outputs
• Understand new infections occurring on weekly basis, that in
turn provide rate of infection. This type of data is not
available before (due to lack of virus-free plants for large trial
of this size).
• Comparative performance of virus-infected and healthy
plants.
• Information on virus type
• Aphid populations and type and link between the aphid
numbers and rate of infection.

Planting materials
generated from AS
3- One node vine cutting can be
produced as many at 300 vines per
plant after 6 to 9 months growth of
the plants in aeroponics.
1- On average 3 mini tubers per
plants every 4 months weighing
45± 13g
2- Only some varieties can
generate bulbils and within those
varieties few plants are
concerned. Despite that the
production of bulbils is not
generalized a plant can produce
as many as 150 to be harvested at
a time.

Tubers from AS one node vine cutting
planted in August 2015 and harvested in
January-February 2016

Tubers from AS one node vine cutting

Acknowledgements
 Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF) for the financial
support of YIIFSWA Project
Thank to all partners and Stakeholders who have contributed in
one way or another for the effectiveness of these technologies
that are given the opportunity to produce high quality seed yam
planting materials all year round.
Thanks to the YIIFSWA Team for their respective contribution to
these achievements
YIIFSWA information are now available at http://www.iita.org/web/yiifswa/home

Seeds from AS and tubers
from vines in real field
Bulbils, mini and
micro-tubers from
AS and seed yam
tubers of one node
vine from AS were
planted for the 1st
time on large field
(one hectare).

PhD Thesis conducted under YIIFSWA
1. C. K Nkere (University of Ibadan) submitted his thesis titled ‘Development of diagnostic tools and
determination of incidence, distribution and genetic diversity of viruses infecting yam in Ghana and
Nigeria‘ and he was awarded degree in November 2015.
2. Celestina Omohimi (Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta) submitted her thesis on “Improve
quality and safety of yam processed products” thesis defense planned on 6th December 2016
3. Paul Boadu (Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and technology) completed his research work on
“Analysis of seed yam supply systems and demand in Ghana” submitted this thesis and defense
planned for February 2017
4. Yao Kolombia (University of Ghent) completed laboratory work and is now finalize this thesis writing -
Yam nematodes diversity and approaches of control in Nigeria and Ghana. He has to submit his thesis
before 31st December as his thesis defense is planned for March-April 2017.
5. Pelemo, Olugboyega S. (University of Ibadan) completed field and laboratory work on Evaluation of
high-ratio propagation technologies for enhanced quality seed production in yams (Dioscorea spp).
Yet to submit his corrected thesis to the University. Defense of his PhD thesis in 2017.
6. Hussein Etudaiye (University of Nigeria, Nsuka) still have some lab analyses to carry ouy on his thesis
titled “Chemical and physical control of sprouting in yams and their effects on product quality” .
Projected his defense before end of 2017

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