Research is a systematic process of finding answers to questions through an organized methodology. There are two main approaches: qualitative research, which examines individual human experiences through methods like ethnography and grounded theory, and quantitative research, which uses statistical analysis. It is important to clearly define a research question and conduct a literature review before beginning a study. Research aims to generate new knowledge, while an audit determines if current practices meet established standards.
Writing introduction, hypothesis and objectives of a thesis and scientific pa...Md. Nazrul Islam
This is the guideline for writing a thesis or scientific paper for MS students.
- Introduction
- Background and Setting
- Identification of Problem
- Definitions of hypothesis
- Types of hypotheses
- Guidelines for writing objectives and research questions
- Purpose Statement
- Objectives or Research Questions
- Assumptions
- Limitations
- Significance of The Study
Writing introduction, hypothesis and objectives of a thesis and scientific pa...Md. Nazrul Islam
This is the guideline for writing a thesis or scientific paper for MS students.
- Introduction
- Background and Setting
- Identification of Problem
- Definitions of hypothesis
- Types of hypotheses
- Guidelines for writing objectives and research questions
- Purpose Statement
- Objectives or Research Questions
- Assumptions
- Limitations
- Significance of The Study
In this lecture you will learn about the importance of research questions, how they related to research problems, the properties of good research questions, and the differences between quantitative and qualitative research questions.
In this lecture you will learn about the importance of research questions, how they related to research problems, the properties of good research questions, and the differences between quantitative and qualitative research questions.
Research has been very interesting discipline to scholars and researchers for the past decades, but now new researchers and even final year students might find it difficult because their experience towards it may be very limited even thought they are expected to do and present their final project proposals. The fact remains that, research is so interesting and exciting subject, all you need is to be interested your area of research, select good topic and be ready to contribute.
Starting the Research ProcessFormulating a specific, applica.docxbryanwest16882
Starting the Research Process
Formulating a specific, applicable research problem statement is an important step in beginning a research process. The problem statement defines the focus of the research study, dictates what methods and tools will be used, and sets the stage for all subsequent elements of the research process. Because of this, it is necessary to put a great deal of thought into the problem statement to ensure that the rest of the research process will be well planned and appropriate to the problem at hand.
This week’s Discussion asks you to identify evidence-based practice problems that can be addressed using quantitative research methods. Based on the practice problem you select, formulate a quantitative research problem statement. In this Discussion, you are also given the opportunity to evaluate your colleagues’ problem statements. Please refer to this week’s Learning Resources for appropriate and scholarly examples of research problem statements and how they inform the rest of the research process.
To prepare:
Determine a nursing practice problem that is of interest to you and that is appropriate for a quantitative research study.
Note:
You will continue to use this problem in the Discussions over the next several weeks.
Using the Walden Library and other credible sources, locate and read two or three articles that address your practice problem.
(you must cite the articles read in this assignment)
With your practice problem in mind, review the Learning Resources and media presentations focusing on the strategies presented for generating a research problem statement.
Ask yourself: What is the importance of my practice problem to nursing, research, and theory? How might addressing this problem bring about positive social change? How will investigating this problem support evidence-based practice?
By Tomorrow 09/06/17, write a minimum of 550 words in APA format with a minimum of 3 references from the list below which include the level one headings as numbered below:
Post
1) A proposed research problem statement (it has to be related to nursing for example: could be on diabetes, heart failure or more …)
2) Including sufficient information to make your focus clear and explaining how addressing this problem may bring about positive social change.
Required Media
Laureate Education, Inc. (Executive Producer). (2011). Research methods for evidence-based practice: Selecting a research topic and developing a hypothesis. Baltimore, MD: Author.
Note: The approximate length of this media piece is 13 minutes.
In this week’s video, Dr. Leiyu Shi discusses the characteristics of a good research hypothesis and details the steps in developing a hypothesis that can be tested through research.
Laureate Education. (2011). Important events in clinical research history. Retrieved from http://mym.cdn.laureate-media.com/2dett4d/Walden/CLRA/6100/01/mm/timel.
PA 550 Research MethodsWeek 1 - 13Andrew (Andy) Pattison.docxgerardkortney
PA 550:
Research Methods
Week 1 - 1/3
Andrew (Andy) Pattison
S
What is Research?
Why Take a Class in Research Methods?
Evidence-based Argumentation
Induction: learning from the world by observation
The Scientific Method
Mendel & pea pods
Modern medicine, Biochemistry, Physics
Social Science Research
Behavior of people: economics, sociology, anthropology
Public Administration & Public Policy
Do people use more public transit when unemployment rates go up?
Make predictions based on evidence, as opposed to assumptions
Ask questions
Surveys, interviews?
How many people?
Which people?
The challenge to the public manager
School principal, fire chief, emergency manager
Types of Research
Descriptive Research: Who? What? When? How many?
Example:
How much homelessness exists in Ventura County?
Explanatory Research: Why? How?
Example:
Why is there so much homelessness in Ventura County?
Causation & Correlation
Causal Inference: X causes Y
Example:
Will a proposed policy (X) actually reduce homelessness in Ventura County (Y)?
Conditions of Causality:
Temporal Order: X comes before Y
Correlation: There is a pattern
Theory: There is an argument as to why X COULD cause Y
No spuriousness: No other factors (Z) are the actual cause
Direct “Positive” Correlation
As X increases, Y increases
Inverse “Negative” Correlation
As X increases, Y decreases
Car Correlation Examples
PA 550:
Research Methods
Week 1 - 3/3
Andrew (Andy) Pattison
A Broad Outline for the Class
Foundations of research design
Data collection approaches
Interviews, field research, surveys
Data analysis approaches
Quantitative and non-quantitative approaches to analysis
Post-analysis issues
Management of projects and presenting results
Basic Elements and Concepts in Research
Clarifying the Purpose of Research and Evaluation Projects
Conceptualization and Operationalization
Project Objectives
Theory and Prior Work
Understanding What to Study and What to Measure
Unit of Analysis
The entities (objects or events) being examined by a researcher
Variables
A characteristic of a unit of analysis that is not constant but instead varies across individual observed cases
Research Questions and Hypotheses
Asking Research Questions (RQ)
A project’s central RQ helps guide a series of more specific sub-questions
The nature of a core RQ relates to the basic purpose of the project:
Descriptive purpose produces “what” or “how” questions
Explanatory purpose produces causality questions
Writing research Hypotheses
“A proposition indicating how two or more factors are related to one another, and stated in a way that it can be tested with empirical evidence”
Empirical, Generalizable, Plausible, Precise
Approaches or Strategies
Qualitative
Quantitative
Mixed Methods
Ethics and the Research Process
Protection of Human Subjects
The case of the Tuskegee Syphilis Study
The Belmont Report
Institutional Review Boards
Chapter 4: Conducting Preli.
Massey University PhD Induction July 2018 NCTL SessionMartin McMorrow
These slides were prepared for a session from the National Centre for Teaching and Learning during the induction for new PhD students at Massey University New Zealand in July 2018.
Evidence-based practice as it applies to the library and information sector and, in particular teacher-librarians, is the focus of this research investigation.
Qualitative research study guide
Section 1: Qualitative research: methodological designs
Section 2: Qualitative social research as active participation
Section 3: Defining your research question and writing a proposal
Section 4: Choosing your theoretical research design
Section 5: Writing a critical literature review
Section 6: Writing a research report and disseminating the findings.
Section 7: Qualitative data collection methods: theory
Section 8: Qualitative data collection methods: customisation and design
Section 9: Data management systems
Section 10: Integrating qualitative social research theory with professional practice
Section 11: Contemporary issues in qualitative social research
Section 12: Revision and coursesummary
1
7
Annotated Bibliography
Lua Shanks
Walden University
Research Theory, Design, and Methods
Dr. Arome
11-7-2021
Annotated Bibliography
Introduction
Autism researchers continue to grapple with activities that best serve the purpose of fostering positive interpersonal relationships for children with autism. Children have benefited from therapy sessions that provide ongoing activities to aid their ability to engage in healthy social interactions. However, less is known about how K–12 schools might implement programs for this group of individuals to provide additional opportunities for growth, or even if and how school programs would be of assistance in the end. There is a gap in understanding the possibilities of implementing such programs in schools to foster the social and mental health of children with autism. The six articles I selected for this assignment present research on different types of therapeutic programs that have been used to promote social interactions in children with autism.
Annotated Bibliography on Autism
Wimpory, D. C., & Nash, S. (1999). Musical interaction therapy – therapeutic play for children with autism. Child Language and Teaching Therapy, 15(1), 17–28. https://doi.org/10.1177/026565909901500103
Wimpory and Nash provided a case study
for implementing music interaction therapy as part of play therapy aimed at cultivating communication skills in infants with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The researchers based their argument on films taken of play-based therapy sessions that introduced music interaction therapy. To assess the success of music play, Wimpory and Nash filmed the follow-up play-based interaction between the parent and the child. The follow-up interactions revealed that 20 months after the introduction of music play, the child developed prolonged playful interaction with both the psychologist and the parent. The follow-up films also revealed that the child initiated spontaneously pretend play during these later sessions. After the introduction of music, the child began to develop appropriate language skills.
Since the publication date for this case study is 1999, the results are dated. Although this study found that music interaction therapy is useful, emerging research in the field has undoubtedly changed in the time since this article was published. Wimpory and Nash wrote this article for a specific audience, including psychologists and researchers working with infants diagnosed with ASD. Their focus means that others beyond these fields may not find the findings applicable to their work.
I am interested in the role of music in therapy to foster social and mental health in children with ASD. Therefore, Wimpory and Nash’s research is useful to me for background information on the implementation of music into play-based therapy in infants with ASD. Wimpory and Nash presented a basis for this t ...
Scoping Review
Scoping reviews are a "preliminary assessment of potential size and scope of available research literature. Aims to identify nature and extent of research evidence (usually including ongoing research)."
1. What is Scoping Review ?
2. Alternative Name of Scoping Review?
3. Characteristics of Scoping Review?
4. Limitation of Scoping Review?
Climate Impact of Software Testing at Nordic Testing DaysKari Kakkonen
My slides at Nordic Testing Days 6.6.2024
Climate impact / sustainability of software testing discussed on the talk. ICT and testing must carry their part of global responsibility to help with the climat warming. We can minimize the carbon footprint but we can also have a carbon handprint, a positive impact on the climate. Quality characteristics can be added with sustainability, and then measured continuously. Test environments can be used less, and in smaller scale and on demand. Test techniques can be used in optimizing or minimizing number of tests. Test automation can be used to speed up testing.
Encryption in Microsoft 365 - ExpertsLive Netherlands 2024Albert Hoitingh
In this session I delve into the encryption technology used in Microsoft 365 and Microsoft Purview. Including the concepts of Customer Key and Double Key Encryption.
GridMate - End to end testing is a critical piece to ensure quality and avoid...ThomasParaiso2
End to end testing is a critical piece to ensure quality and avoid regressions. In this session, we share our journey building an E2E testing pipeline for GridMate components (LWC and Aura) using Cypress, JSForce, FakerJS…
Unlocking Productivity: Leveraging the Potential of Copilot in Microsoft 365, a presentation by Christoforos Vlachos, Senior Solutions Manager – Modern Workplace, Uni Systems
A tale of scale & speed: How the US Navy is enabling software delivery from l...sonjaschweigert1
Rapid and secure feature delivery is a goal across every application team and every branch of the DoD. The Navy’s DevSecOps platform, Party Barge, has achieved:
- Reduction in onboarding time from 5 weeks to 1 day
- Improved developer experience and productivity through actionable findings and reduction of false positives
- Maintenance of superior security standards and inherent policy enforcement with Authorization to Operate (ATO)
Development teams can ship efficiently and ensure applications are cyber ready for Navy Authorizing Officials (AOs). In this webinar, Sigma Defense and Anchore will give attendees a look behind the scenes and demo secure pipeline automation and security artifacts that speed up application ATO and time to production.
We will cover:
- How to remove silos in DevSecOps
- How to build efficient development pipeline roles and component templates
- How to deliver security artifacts that matter for ATO’s (SBOMs, vulnerability reports, and policy evidence)
- How to streamline operations with automated policy checks on container images
In the rapidly evolving landscape of technologies, XML continues to play a vital role in structuring, storing, and transporting data across diverse systems. The recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) present new methodologies for enhancing XML development workflows, introducing efficiency, automation, and intelligent capabilities. This presentation will outline the scope and perspective of utilizing AI in XML development. The potential benefits and the possible pitfalls will be highlighted, providing a balanced view of the subject.
We will explore the capabilities of AI in understanding XML markup languages and autonomously creating structured XML content. Additionally, we will examine the capacity of AI to enrich plain text with appropriate XML markup. Practical examples and methodological guidelines will be provided to elucidate how AI can be effectively prompted to interpret and generate accurate XML markup.
Further emphasis will be placed on the role of AI in developing XSLT, or schemas such as XSD and Schematron. We will address the techniques and strategies adopted to create prompts for generating code, explaining code, or refactoring the code, and the results achieved.
The discussion will extend to how AI can be used to transform XML content. In particular, the focus will be on the use of AI XPath extension functions in XSLT, Schematron, Schematron Quick Fixes, or for XML content refactoring.
The presentation aims to deliver a comprehensive overview of AI usage in XML development, providing attendees with the necessary knowledge to make informed decisions. Whether you’re at the early stages of adopting AI or considering integrating it in advanced XML development, this presentation will cover all levels of expertise.
By highlighting the potential advantages and challenges of integrating AI with XML development tools and languages, the presentation seeks to inspire thoughtful conversation around the future of XML development. We’ll not only delve into the technical aspects of AI-powered XML development but also discuss practical implications and possible future directions.
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
Sudheer Mechineni, Head of Application Frameworks, Standard Chartered Bank
Discover how Standard Chartered Bank harnessed the power of Neo4j to transform complex data access challenges into a dynamic, scalable graph database solution. This keynote will cover their journey from initial adoption to deploying a fully automated, enterprise-grade causal cluster, highlighting key strategies for modelling organisational changes and ensuring robust disaster recovery. Learn how these innovations have not only enhanced Standard Chartered Bank’s data infrastructure but also positioned them as pioneers in the banking sector’s adoption of graph technology.
In his public lecture, Christian Timmerer provides insights into the fascinating history of video streaming, starting from its humble beginnings before YouTube to the groundbreaking technologies that now dominate platforms like Netflix and ORF ON. Timmerer also presents provocative contributions of his own that have significantly influenced the industry. He concludes by looking at future challenges and invites the audience to join in a discussion.
Dr. Sean Tan, Head of Data Science, Changi Airport Group
Discover how Changi Airport Group (CAG) leverages graph technologies and generative AI to revolutionize their search capabilities. This session delves into the unique search needs of CAG’s diverse passengers and customers, showcasing how graph data structures enhance the accuracy and relevance of AI-generated search results, mitigating the risk of “hallucinations” and improving the overall customer journey.
The Art of the Pitch: WordPress Relationships and SalesLaura Byrne
Clients don’t know what they don’t know. What web solutions are right for them? How does WordPress come into the picture? How do you make sure you understand scope and timeline? What do you do if sometime changes?
All these questions and more will be explored as we talk about matching clients’ needs with what your agency offers without pulling teeth or pulling your hair out. Practical tips, and strategies for successful relationship building that leads to closing the deal.
Goodbye Windows 11: Make Way for Nitrux Linux 3.5.0!SOFTTECHHUB
As the digital landscape continually evolves, operating systems play a critical role in shaping user experiences and productivity. The launch of Nitrux Linux 3.5.0 marks a significant milestone, offering a robust alternative to traditional systems such as Windows 11. This article delves into the essence of Nitrux Linux 3.5.0, exploring its unique features, advantages, and how it stands as a compelling choice for both casual users and tech enthusiasts.
Essentials of Automations: The Art of Triggers and Actions in FMESafe Software
In this second installment of our Essentials of Automations webinar series, we’ll explore the landscape of triggers and actions, guiding you through the nuances of authoring and adapting workspaces for seamless automations. Gain an understanding of the full spectrum of triggers and actions available in FME, empowering you to enhance your workspaces for efficient automation.
We’ll kick things off by showcasing the most commonly used event-based triggers, introducing you to various automation workflows like manual triggers, schedules, directory watchers, and more. Plus, see how these elements play out in real scenarios.
Whether you’re tweaking your current setup or building from the ground up, this session will arm you with the tools and insights needed to transform your FME usage into a powerhouse of productivity. Join us to discover effective strategies that simplify complex processes, enhancing your productivity and transforming your data management practices with FME. Let’s turn complexity into clarity and make your workspaces work wonders!
Why You Should Replace Windows 11 with Nitrux Linux 3.5.0 for enhanced perfor...SOFTTECHHUB
The choice of an operating system plays a pivotal role in shaping our computing experience. For decades, Microsoft's Windows has dominated the market, offering a familiar and widely adopted platform for personal and professional use. However, as technological advancements continue to push the boundaries of innovation, alternative operating systems have emerged, challenging the status quo and offering users a fresh perspective on computing.
One such alternative that has garnered significant attention and acclaim is Nitrux Linux 3.5.0, a sleek, powerful, and user-friendly Linux distribution that promises to redefine the way we interact with our devices. With its focus on performance, security, and customization, Nitrux Linux presents a compelling case for those seeking to break free from the constraints of proprietary software and embrace the freedom and flexibility of open-source computing.
Securing your Kubernetes cluster_ a step-by-step guide to success !KatiaHIMEUR1
Today, after several years of existence, an extremely active community and an ultra-dynamic ecosystem, Kubernetes has established itself as the de facto standard in container orchestration. Thanks to a wide range of managed services, it has never been so easy to set up a ready-to-use Kubernetes cluster.
However, this ease of use means that the subject of security in Kubernetes is often left for later, or even neglected. This exposes companies to significant risks.
In this talk, I'll show you step-by-step how to secure your Kubernetes cluster for greater peace of mind and reliability.
GraphRAG is All You need? LLM & Knowledge GraphGuy Korland
Guy Korland, CEO and Co-founder of FalkorDB, will review two articles on the integration of language models with knowledge graphs.
1. Unifying Large Language Models and Knowledge Graphs: A Roadmap.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.08302
2. Microsoft Research's GraphRAG paper and a review paper on various uses of knowledge graphs:
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/blog/graphrag-unlocking-llm-discovery-on-narrative-private-data/
5. Inter-relationships Research is like a plant or flower that grows and grows When it is grown it throws off seeds which in turn sprout and create more research projects The process continues until there is a wide body of research projects related to a similar topic
6. Kinds of research The ‘best’ type depends on your research question and situation The two main approaches are: Qualitative Quantitative
7. Qualitative research Qualitative research examines individual aspects of the human experience and there are several approaches: Ethnography Narrative research – conversation analysis Evaluation research Grounded theory
10. Evaluation Evaluation research is research with a purpose…. It is inherently political with the different stakeholders having different power positions. It is important to get to know your programme /intervention to be evaluated Variety of approaches can be used Engage all the stakeholders at the outset Be clear about the ‘how’ and ‘why’ of the evaluation Be prepared for positive and negative findings.
11. Grounded Theory Popular approach General methodology for generating theory Grounded in data Joint data collection and analysis Theoretical saturation Constant comparison method Emerging themes and trends
13. Developing a research question Specific statement Identifies phenomenon to be studied “ So what” test - can my study fill a gap? Conclusions should answer the question
15. Difference between research and audit Research is: Finding out what you ought to be doing – methodology, generating new knowledge Audit is: Whether you are doing what you ought to be doing – measurable against standards (Hill and Small 2006)
17. Conclusion “ A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step” (attributed to Lao-tzu – Larry the O) Linda Dobrzanska Douglas Mill Bowling Old Lane Bradford BD5 7JR 01274 237418 / 07908787419 l [email_address]
18. References Atkinson, J.M. and Heritage, J. (Eds) (1987) Structures of social action. Studies in conversation analysis. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge Culyer, A. (1994) Hammersley, M & Atkinson, P. 1997) Ethnography. Principles in Practice. Second Edition . Routledge. London Hill, S and Small, N,A. (2006) Differentiating between research, audit and quality improvement: governance implications. Clinical Governance. An International Journal Vol 11 (2) pp 98 – 107 Larry the O (2002) All Roads Lead to Home: http://emuscian.com/mag/emusic_roads_lead_home/ Polit, D.F & Hungler, B.P. (1993) Essentials of Nursing Research. Methods, Appraisal and Utilization. 3 rd Ed. J.B. Lippincott Company. Philadelphia Thorne, S. (2000) Data analysis in qualitative research. Evidence Based Nursing Vol 3. pp 68 – 70. Taylor, D and Balloch, S. (2005) The Politics of evaluatoin. Bristol. Policy Press Thorne, S. (2000) Data analysis in qualitative research. Evidence Based Nursing. Vol 3: pp 68 - 70 http://www.theresearchassistant.co./tutorial http://linguistics.byu.edu/
Editor's Notes
Research is an organised activity. There has to be a structure or method in going about doing research. It is a planned procedure, not a spontaneous one and is focused and limited to a specific topic. It is systematic because there is a definite set of procedures and steps which you will follow, and there are certain things in the research process which are always done in order to get the most accurate results. Finding answers is the end of all research. Whether it is the answer to a hypothesis or even a simple question, research is successful when we find answers. Sometimes the answer is ‘no’, but it is still an answer. Questions are central to research. If there is no question then the answer is of no use. Without a question, research has no focus, drive or purpose.
Ask what they know about ethnography? Ask if anyone has undertaken a ethnographic study Ethnography is an approach for developing understandings of the everyday activities of people in local settings. More closely associated with anthropology and also sociology. Sometimes it can be difficult for people to articulate tacit knowledge and understandings, sow e observe them as well as talk to them. According to Hammersley and Atkinson (Ref at end) Ethnography is a term referring primarily to a particular method or set of methods, and involves the researcher either overtly or covertly in peoples daily lives for an extended period of time, watching what happens, listening to what is being said, asking questions Give example of my participant observation in city centre. Some of the principles of ethnography are on holism, it focuses on relationships and how everything is connected. It is studying people in their own environment and how they see things with their own words. Some of the methods employed are in-depth interviews, observations and participant observations. It is keeping of field notes. An example of how a study using an ethnographic framework would look - Breast cancer research - and I will be giving you the same study but using different approaches in the next few slides - How is breast cancer understood and managed in different social contexts?..Looking for interpretations, relations and variations within breast cancer experiences.
About communication… Putting experiences into words. Looking for narrative themes within the accounts people give about their lives, so we can discover how they understand and make sense of their lives. Stories. Conversation analysis – can anyone tell me what they think this is?? It is concerned with language, it examines tacit understandings that underpin behaviours, eg, smiles, nods, etc.It has cetain rules: Turn taking / management of overlapping talk / organisation of language, for example, pairings, such as, greetings, questions and answers. Etc.Nothing that occurs in interaction is ruled out…every pause is timed, Very time consuming but a very rich method for analysiying talk.
Can anyone tell me about grounded theory?? Has anyone used a grounded theory approach?? Taking one piece of date, one interview, or one statement and comparing it with all the others that may be similar or different in order to develop conceptualisations of the possible relations between the various pieces of data. For example, comparing the accounts of 2 different people who had a similar experience, a researcher might pose a question like: why is this different from that and how are these 2 related? Compare each new interview until all have been compared with each other. So going to the breast cancer example, a grounded theory study would be ‘How do women with breast cancer cope with changes to body image’…would be using constant comparative analysis, and come up with a theory or framework looking at the processes involved in coping with breast cancer and factors that might account for the variations.
What are descriptive stats? Has anyone used them in a research study? Descriptive stats are used to describe data. It is about averages and percentages, frequencies Mean: a measure of central tendency, a sum of all the scores and then divided by the number of subjects. - average Mode: Measure of central tendency, and is the score that most frequently occurs in a distribution of scores. Median: Represents the exact middle score or value in a distribution of scores Statistical test: not an expert – give examples of a few Statistical databases: Has anyone used one or can anyone tell me the name of the most commonly used one? SPSS – Statistical Package for Social Science
So now we have discussed some approaches we will just go over how to develop a research question?? I think this is the most difficult part of the research. Has anyone else found that? Focus your search. Research questions beginning with ‘how’ or ‘why’ are usually broad and typically lead to more substantial research projects than those beginning with ‘who’ or ‘where’ or ‘when’ Must be something you are interested in. Good way to start is to choose a topic then list all the questions you’d like answered yourself. Choose the best one.Don’t have anything too broad or too narrow. What would be the benefit of your research, who will it help and how will it help?
Always examine the literature to ensure your topic has not been research before. Focus is like a funnel, start wide, then befgin to focus in and then end up with very speciifc lit Literature to back up your research question.