Wartime coalition as well as the government’s vision regarding formation of a uniform, integrated and comprehensive healthcare system in the UK.

1. History of the NHS
(Case study)
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2. History of the NHS

3. Introduction
⦿ The National Health Service (NHS) is the public-funded healthcare system in
the UK
⦿ established under the National Health Service Act 1946 Act
⦿ 1944 White Paper ‘A National Health Service’ and Beveridge Report have
recommended for development of comprehensive national healthcare
service

4. Establishment of NHS:
Origin and establishment of NHS:
⦿ National Health Service had been established on 5th July 1948
⦿ Health secretary Aneurin Bevan founded NHS
⦿ During the end of world war II, the healthcare authority felt a need for an
integrated healthcare service (www.Theguardian.Com, 2016).

5. Establishment of NHS:
1944 White Paper ‘A National Health Service:
⦿ This was published in 1944
⦿ The rationale : To form a free, comprehensive and united healthcare service to every citizen of the UK
(www.nationalarchives.gov.uk, 2018).
⦿ Wartime coalition as well as the government’s vision regarding formation of a uniform, integrated and
comprehensive healthcare system in the UK.
⦿ It was proposed that responsibility of forming uniform healthcare system would lie on healthcare ministry and
central government (www.theguardian.com, 2016).
⦿ Local healthcare responsibility would lie on local government (Lwin et al. 2019)
Beveridge Report:
⦿ Poverty as one of the most important reasons behind illness and disease in society.
⦿ Importance of allied service and social insurances in society in promoting welfare of the entire country
(www.Nationalarchives.Gov.Uk, 2018)
⦿ Necessity of developing the comprehensive national healthcare service

6. Establishment of NHS
Start of NHS:
⦿ Since 1948, the National Health Service had started its historical journey
⦿ The National Health Service had been named National Insurance before
1948 (Whitaker,2015)
⦿ It had been funded under the Insurance Act 1911 from taxpayers which
were obliged to pay a considerable proportionate off their entre wage
(www.Theguardian.Com, 2016)

7. Establishment of NHS
The concept of free healthcare to
citizens had been established:
❑ After 1948, the concept of free healthcare facilities to the
al the citizen in UK through NHS had been emphasized
❑ During late 1952, the National Health Service was in full
swing, majority of hospitals and funded by NHS
(www.Theguardian.Com, 2016)
❑ During 1948 -1969 three major structure is developed
under the National Health Service
⦿ Hospital services
⦿ Primary care
⦿ Community services

8. Establishment of NHS
Thatcherism Era:
⦿ During the late 1980s, Thatcherism had prioritised decisive rejection, systematic and
reversal of after-war consensus.
⦿ During this time, major political parties, as well as the central healthcare body, has
decided to set up the internal markets by prioritising purchasing healthcare from
private hospital (www.nationalarchives.gov.uk, 2018)
⦿ Thatcherism Era emphasized on abolishing the free healthcare facilities from NHS
hospitals.
Tony Blair Era:
⦿ During this era, the term ‘internal market’ that was introduced during Thatcherism Era, was
replaced by the term ‘integrated care’ (Lwin et al. 2019).
⦿ Rather providing eth sole power eth private organisation in terms of controlling
healthcare framework, in this era, the doctor, as well as nurse, are placed in the driving
seat
⦿ In this era, 1.2 bn had been donated to NHS for improvement as well as reformation of its
entire framework.

9. Analysing three ways in which NHS
has evolved:
The Porritt Report:
⦿ Disagreement with the tripartite system in NHS such as primary care, hospital care and community care.
⦿ Separate funding allocation by the central and local government in NHS leads to development of
fragmented policies which is considered as the ‘loss of economy’
⦿ Division of service in the tripartite system leads to isolation of perception, opinions and work process of
health professionals (www.theguardian.com, 2016)
The Salmon Report (1967):
⦿ This report had been published on 20 March 1967
⦿ It had recommended proper development of senior nursing staff structure in the NHS hospitals
⦿ This report had highlighted the importance’s of senior nurse in managing healthcare needs of patients
(www.nationalarchives.gov.uk, 2018)
NHS Care in the Community Act (1990)
⦿ This is considered as one of the major healthcare reforms in the National Health Service (NHS) since the
time (1948) NHS had started its historical journey
⦿ Under the act, the responsibility of community care for older people is given on the Social Care
Department

10. Conclusion:
⦿ NHS had passed through several reformation and development sine its establishment
during 1946
⦿ After World War II there was developed a concept of forming uniform as well as a
comprehensive healthcare system in the UK
⦿ There are several official recommendations that had played important roles in the
establishment of NHS such as the 1944 White Paper 'A National Health Service' and
Beveridge Report and 1944.

11. Reference list
⦿
⦿ Green, J., Ewings, S., Wortham, R. and Walsh, B., 2019. PP13 The NHS pathways (NHSP)
medical call triage system and new ‘nature of call’telephone screening tool, employed
prior to NHSP, can accurately identify high acuity patients: analysis of sensitivity and
specificity using routine ambulance service data.
⦿ Lwin, M., Uherek, M., Khoury, G., Gardner, F. and Yeoh, C.C., 2019. 426 Retrospective
study of early stage endometrial cancer in portsmouth hospital NHS trust, UK an audit on
adherence of united kingdom guidelines and overall survival.
⦿ Origins of the NHS (2018) Available at the national archive at
:<http;//www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/cabinetpapers/alevelstudies/origin-nhs.htm>,
accessed on 09/12/18)
⦿ Shabbir, M., Shukla, C., Brown, G., Dorkin, T. and Lucky, M., 2018. Surgical management
of azoospermia: can the NHS England Clinical Commissioning Policy reduce
geographical inequality of services? on.
⦿ The Guardian, (25.11.2016 ) Thatcher pushed for breakup of welfare state despite NHS
pledge. Available at:<Htpps:www.theguardian.com/politics/2016/nov/25/Margaret-
thatcher-pushed-for-breakup-of-welfare-state-despite-nhs-pledge> (Accessed on:
12/12/18)
⦿ The Gurdian,(10.10.17)want,disease,ignorance,squalor and idleness:are Beveridge’s five
evils back? Available at :<www.theguardian.com/society/2017/oct/10/Beveridge-five-
evils-welfare-state>
⦿ Whitaker,P(2015)How Labour broke the NHS. Available
at:<www.newstateman.com/politics/2015/03/how-labour-broke-nhs-and-why-labour-
must-fix-it> (Accessed on 15/12/18 )

12. Establishment of NHS
Establishment of NHS

13. THANK YOU!!!
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