Apresentação da Profª Drª Claude Pirmez na Reunião de Editores Científicos do CRICS10, em 04/12/2018 http://crics10.org/eventos/pt/event/reuniao-de-editores-cientificos/

1. WHAT IS THE FUTURE OF SCIENTIFIC COMMUNICATION?
OPEN SCIENCE
What is a preprint?
How to publish as a preprint
Why use preprints?
Experiences of Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz: the Zika Fast Track

2. A preprint is a complete scientific manuscript uploaded by the authors to a public server without
formal review
Berg et al. Preprints for the life sciences. Science 352:899, 2016
What is a preprint?
A Peer J Preprint is a draft that has not yet been
peer reviewed for formal publication.
Articles are not peer-reviewed, edited or
typeset before being posted online.
all articles undergo a basic screening process for
offensive and/or non-scientific content and for
material that might pose a health or biosecurity
risk and are checked for plagiarism. No
endorsement of an article’s methods,
assumptions, conclusions, or scientific quality by
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory is implied.
It is a digital scholar document, but
It is not an academic blog post
It is not necessarily a precursor of a physically
printed paper

3. How to publish your work as a preprint

4. 1991 1994 1997 2007 2013 2015
Howard Hughes Medical
Institute
American Academy of
Arts and Sciences
Simons, Sloan, Arnold &
Moore Foundations
Where publish your work as a preprint

5. Why publish as preprints: the faith in the peer review system
o Selects the best proposals
o Improves the quality of the work
o Detects errors and/or frauds
o Straightforward and reliable
o Long and inconsistent
o biased (‘Mathew’ effect; gender; positive results; p<0.05)
o Conflicts of interest

6. NO INTEREST
IN SHARING
UNSUCCESSFUL
EXPERIMENTS
NON
CONFIRMED
HYPOTHESIS
POOR
STRUCTURE
FOR
PUBLISHING
ORGANIZED
BIG DATA
DATAVOLUME
DATA SET NUMBERS
Literature
limit
Unpublished & dark data
ANCILLARY
DATA
ISOLATED
DATA
LAB
NOTES
Why publish as preprints: the invisible science
More than 50% of the data produced by scientists is not published. The majority is generated by
small labs or individual researchers who develop a large number of scientific projects

7. http://www.economist.com/news/briefing/21588057-scientists-think-science-self-correcting-alarming-degree-it-not-trouble
Why publish as preprints: how much can we rely on published data?

8. REALITY: Closed system
• takes a long time to be seen
• not always accessible
• high cost (to the author)
• does not allow updates
• the editorial process is not
transparent
• conflict of interest is frequent
• rarely interactive
Why publish as a preprints?
IDEAL: Open and dynamic system
• Free and fast publication (~24h)
• MS receives a DOI
• Establishes precedent to your research
• Publish before peer-review, or at the
same time
• Interactive: readers can leave
comments and ask questions
• Update the work with unlimited
revisions
• conflict of interest can be detected
• increases reproducibility
• decreases misconducts
https://peerj.com/about/preprints/what-is-a-preprint/

9. Main reasons to adhere to open science
• Reproducibility and research integrity
• Transparency
• Data reuse
• quality and efficiency of science
• Positive economic impact
• Research equity
Challenges
• Infraestructure
• Intelectual protection
• Protection of sensitive/confidential data
• Change of culture and scientific ecosystem
• Skepticism/distrustfulness of the scientific community
∴ science belongs to the society
>80% of research is
publicly funded
US$100 billion investments in
research/year globally
↓
1 million publications/year
Why publish as preprints: knowledge as a common good

10. Preprints
1. speed up dissemination
2. should be licensed and formatted to facilitate reuse
3. provide a record of priority
4. do not lead to being scooped
5. provide access to scholarly content that would otherwise be lost
6. do not imply low quality
7. support the rapid evaluation of controversial results
8. do not typically preclude publication
9. can further inform grant review and academic advancement and
10. one shoe does not fit all
Bourne PE, Polka JK, Vale RD, Kiley R. Ten simple rules to consider regarding preprint submission. Plos Computational
Biology, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005473
Does it count for research assessment?
Different communities grant the same object different degrees of importance
Neylon C, Pattinson D, Bilder G & Lin J. F1000Research 2017, 6:608
Modifications need to be made in the reward system for science, affecting the exchange
rates for currencies (eg, publications and grants) and purchased academic goods (eg,
promotion and other academic or administrative power) and introducing currencies that are
better aligned with translatable and reproducible research.
Ioannidis J. How to make more published research true. Plos Medicine 11:e1001747m 2014

11. Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)
eLife
EcoHealth AllianceThe Economic and Social Research Council
(ESRC)
EMBO Press
The Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC)
EMBO Press
F1000
Fondation Mérieux
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz)
The Global Health Network
Global Virus Network
GlaxoSmithKline (GSK)
The Institut Pasteur
Instituto Butantan, Brazil
Instituto Nacional de Salud, Peru
International Severe Respiratory and emerging Infection
Consortium (ISARIC)
International Society for Infectious Diseases
Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED)
The JAMA Network
The Lancet
Médecins du Monde/Doctors of the World (MdM/DoW)
Médecins Sans Frontières/Doctors Without Borders (MSF)
Signatories to the statement
Academy of Finland
Academy of Medical Sciences, UK
Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine
Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)
The British Medical Journal (BMJ)
Bulletin of the World Health Organization
Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation – Gulbenkian Science Institute
Canadian Institutes of Health Research
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (to include
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report [MMWR])
Chinese Academy of Sciences
Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention
The Department of Biotechnology, Government of India
The Department for International Development (DFID)
Microbide Limited
National Academy of Medicine
National Institutes of Health, USA
National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani
(INMI), Italy
National Science Foundation, USA
The New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM)
PLOS
ProMED
Research Ideas and Outcomes (RIO) Journal
The Rockefeller University Press
The Royal Society
SAB Biotherapeutics
Science Journals
ScienceOpen
South African Medical Research Council
Springer Nature
Thieme Publishers
UK Medical Research Council
Universidade Jean Piaget de Capo Verde
USAID
Wellcome Trust
ZonMw – The Netherlands Organisation for Health Research
and Development

12. http://memorias.ioc.fiocruz.br/fast-track
47 submissions (<8%)
23 published
34.154 views
17.738 downloads

14. 14
Science, Speed, Solution & Shock

15. http://memorias.ioc.fiocruz.br
Thank you!
Gracias!
Merci!
Danke!
Obrigada!