The document discusses various phrasal verbs and provides examples of their use in sentences. It then discusses the history of video games, including the creation of the first video game in 1961, the advent of home video game consoles starting in the late 1960s, and the rise of early developers and game systems. It provides information on iconic games from the 1970s-2000s and influential developers like Nintendo, Sega, and Sony.

1. Phrasal verbs

2. Turn down
Fasten
Pick out
Turned up
Give up

3. I think I’m going to turn it down
Fasten your seat belt
The mushrooms weren’t great but I tried to
pick out the best ones.
It was cancelled. No one else turned up!
I’ve pretty given up hope that she’ll be here
on time!

4. What is the difference between
work and fun?
Identify contrasting ideas
Using evidence to support argument
Teacher Cintia Santos

5. What is the difference between
work and fun?
5

6. A) What do you do for fun?
B) Are your leisure activities the same as your parents
or grandparents were at your age?
A) Can you think of a job that you would find fun? What
would make work fun?

7. Look at the photo.
Do you think the people in the picture are working?

8. Look at the pictures. Would you describe the
activities as fun or work?

12. • 1. Think of your favorite sports. What are
the benefits of being a professional athlete
in these sports? What are the drawbacks?

13. • What kind of activities are fun for you?
• What activities do think are work?

14. • Page 59
• vocabulary
• Page 61 to 63

15. Think about the activities
you do in your daily life.
Which would you pay
someone else to do for
you if you could? Why?
The authors of this article both live in the
U.S, where it is possible for many people
to buy food and clothes cheaply. Do you
think their opinions would be different if
they lived in another country? Why or
why not?
What do you think? Pair work

16. Identifying contrasting ideas
Activities and reading
Page 65

17. History of video game

18. What do you know about video games
Do you know when the first video game
console was created
What is the name of the first game console
What was the first console that you played
What Makes someone
addicted?

19. Is playing video games good or bad for you?
It can be both. Video games are frowned upon by parents as
time-wasters, and worse, some education experts think that
these games corrupt the brain. Violent video games are
easily blamed by the media and some experts as the reason
why some young people become violent or commit extreme
anti-social behavior. But many scientists and psychologists
find that video games can actually have many benefits – the
main one is making kids smart. Video games may actually
teach kids high-level thinking skills that they will need in
the future. "Video games change your brain," according to
University of Wisconsin psychologist C. Shawn Green.
Introduce a favorable opinion or show a different
opinion about the statement.
http://www.raisesmartkid.com/3-to-6-years-old/4-articles/34-the-good-and-bad-effects-of-video-games

20. 20
The First Video Game
• Steve Russell and Spacewar!
– Created in 1961
– Required prohibitively expensive
equipment

21. 21
Games for the Masses
• The Advent of Home Video Games: Ralph Baer
and the Magnavox Odyssey
– 1966, initial idea for a game machine that would work
on home TVs
– Created a shooting game and ice hockey game

22. 22
Games for the Masses
• Breaking Into the Amusement Business:
Nolan Bushnell and Atari
– Tried to bring Spacewar to arcades as
Computer War

23. 23
Games for the Masses
• Bringing Games to the Masses
– Atari founded by Nolan Bushnell in
1972
– Sued by Baer and Magnavox
– Paid a one-time license fee of
$700,000

24. 24
The Console Kings
• Video Game Crash of 1983
– Factors leading to the crash
• Poor economy
• Natural market cycle
• Video games perceived as fad
• Introduction of home computers

25. 25
The Console Kings
• Nintendo and Shigeru Miyamoto
– Released Donkey Kong arcade machine in 1981
– Released Nintendo Entertainment System in 1985
– During late 80’s Nintendo owned 90% of the market
– Latest console is the Nintendo DS
– Nintendo Wii as an attempt to recreate gaming

26. 26
The Console Kings
• Sega
– Created in 1952 in Japan to sell amusement games on US army
bases
– Released the popular Sega Genesis in 1990
– Final console was 1999’s Sega Dreamcast
– Now dedicated to software
– At one time Sonic was more recognizable than Mario

27. 27
The Console Kings
• Sony’s PlayStation
– Created out of an aborted attempt to launch a CD-ROM based
system with Nintendo
– Released PlayStation in 1994
– PlayStation 2 released in 2000, maintaining backwards
compatibility with hugely popular PS1

28. 28
The Console Kings
• Microsoft and the Xbox
– Xbox released in 2001
– Based on a PC-like architecture
– Initially significant money lost on each console sold
– Halo and Halo 2 are its most popular games

29. 29
The Phenomenons
• Space Invaders
– Introduced to the US in 1978
– First big Japanese success
– Introduced the “High Score” list to video
games

30. 30
The Phenomenons
• Pac-Man
– American debut in 1981
– Attempt to create a completely non-
violent game
– Generated $100 million in sales
during its lifetime

31. • Super Mario Bros is a 1985 video game
internally developed by Nintendo EAD and
published by Nintendo.
The Phenomenons

32. 32
The Phenomenons
• The Tangled History of Tetris
– Created by Russian programmer Alexy Pajitnov in 1985
– Became a pop culture sensation
– Helped drive the success of Nintendo’s Game Boy

33. 33
The Phenomenons
• Capcom and Resident Evil
– Capcom founded in 1979
– Created Street Fighter, Mega Man and Resident Evil
– Resident Evil has spawned 15 variations and sequels as well as
two Hollywood movies

34. 34
The Phenomenons
• Pokémon
– Created by Japanese video game enthusiast Satoshi Tajiri
– Pokémon Red and Green released for Nintendo Game Boy in
1996
– Movies, TV series and multiple sequels have followed

35. Reading

36. What do you think? Group work
A) Do you like playing video games? Why or
why not?
B) After reading the article, do you think that
video gaming can be considered a real
sport?
C) If a hobby becomes a professional sport or
job, do you think it is still fun?

37. Using evidence to support an argument
Statics =
Comparisons
Personal examples
Analysis or mathematical calculations

38. The results of a research show that when kids play
games such as The Incredible Machine, Angry Birds
or Cut The Rope, they train their brain to come up
with creative ways to solve puzzles and other
problems.
Some studies suggest that 80% of children who play
video games have concentration problems.
Video games may also have bad effects on some
children’s health, including obesity. 60% of obese are
gamers.

39. Using evidence to support an argument
Page 75
Noun clauses
Page 77 – 78
Page 79

40. Revise and edit
1. Is the essay persuasive ? Why or why not ?
2. Should anything be added ? If yes, what ?
3. Should anything be deleted ? If yes, what ?
4. Should anything else be changed ? If yes,
what ?
5. Should any part of the essay be
reorganized ? If so, which part and how ?