what is the basic shape of individual cyanobacterial cells? Contrast the arrangement of these cells
in the two different types of cyanobacteria you observed (anabaena, oscillatoria, gleocapsa are
the ones we observed)
Solution
Cyanobacteria exist in a wide varety of sizes and shapes. The most common among them are
spherical, rod and spiral. The shapes of differenent cyanobacteria are dicated by their cell
wall.Based on their shape, known more formally as their “morphology,” cyanobacteria have
been classified into five groups: chroococcales, pleurocapsales, oscillatoriales, nostocales and
stigonematales. However, the common lineage of only the last two groups has been established.
Individiual cells vary in size and shape.Most of them are slender and tubular, but some have a
more flat oval shape.
Anabaena is a filamentous cyanobacteria. However, it can be easily distinguished by the
presence of string-beaded appearance taken up by cells associated with each other. Several
intercalary heterocysts are present in the trichome.
Oscillatoria belongs to filamentous form of cyanobacteria, with more than 100 sub-species.Its
body is composed of single row of cells, with unbranched trichomes and single layer of
mucilage.
Gleocapsa forms spherical colonies, enclosed in a thick layer of mucilage..
La botánica (del griego βοτάνη, 'hierba') o fitología (del griego φυτόν, 'planta' y λόγος, 'tratado') es la rama de la biología que estudia las plantas bajo todos sus aspectos, incluyendo la descripción, clasificación, distribución, identificación, estudio de la reproducción, fisiología, morfología, relaciones recíprocas, relaciones con los otros seres vivos y efectos provocados sobre el medio en el que se encuentran.
Introduction, characteristics, classification,Thallus organisation,reproduction and its types, algal blooms, causes of algal blooms, biological and economic importance of algae.
B.SC 1st Year (BOTANY)
Structure and reproduction of Aspergillus niger ,with picture of different reproduction methods in detail ,also called sac fungi,large groupof true fungi ,saprophyte,it also known to cause food contaminations or food spoilage ,also cause black mold in fruits and vegetables like grapes, apricote ,onions and peanuts .Aspergillus niger is common group of Aspergillus.reproduction by sexual ,asexual or vegetative methods. vegetative mthods by fragmentation ,sclerotia
Write a couple of paragraphs describing molecularmicroscopic view of.pdfrbjain2007
Write a couple of paragraphs describing molecular/microscopic view of entropy. Please give
your references used.
Solution
Entropy is a thermodynamic state variable which describes the randomness or amount of re-
arrangement of molecules postions when compared to its previous arrangement of molecules
position . Entropy is a forward state variable as every feasible process in the universe is
associated with increase (POSITIVE change) in entropy or disorderness ( change in molecule
position\'s) just like that Time in the Universe which are cannot be reverted back.
while speaking to feasibility or probabilty of about certain proces on a system to be happen ,we
need to consider combine change in entropy in the system along with its surrounding\' entropy
change
Entropy change in system always due to the heat transfer across the system .With heat transfer
across the system, molecules undergo thermal agitation (Vibrates) and changes its position so
indicates molecule DISORDERNESS.
Write a C program that reads input as a stream of characters until e.pdfrbjain2007
Write a C program that reads input as a stream of characters until encountering EOF (hint: use
redirection). Have the program report the number of uppercase characters, the number of
lowercase characters, and the number of other characters read. (You can use the functions in
ctype.h for this assignment.) Use the attached file infile.txt as input when you submit your
assignment.
Solution.
More Related Content
Similar to what is the basic shape of individual cyanobacterial cells Contrast.pdf
La botánica (del griego βοτάνη, 'hierba') o fitología (del griego φυτόν, 'planta' y λόγος, 'tratado') es la rama de la biología que estudia las plantas bajo todos sus aspectos, incluyendo la descripción, clasificación, distribución, identificación, estudio de la reproducción, fisiología, morfología, relaciones recíprocas, relaciones con los otros seres vivos y efectos provocados sobre el medio en el que se encuentran.
Introduction, characteristics, classification,Thallus organisation,reproduction and its types, algal blooms, causes of algal blooms, biological and economic importance of algae.
B.SC 1st Year (BOTANY)
Structure and reproduction of Aspergillus niger ,with picture of different reproduction methods in detail ,also called sac fungi,large groupof true fungi ,saprophyte,it also known to cause food contaminations or food spoilage ,also cause black mold in fruits and vegetables like grapes, apricote ,onions and peanuts .Aspergillus niger is common group of Aspergillus.reproduction by sexual ,asexual or vegetative methods. vegetative mthods by fragmentation ,sclerotia
Write a couple of paragraphs describing molecularmicroscopic view of.pdfrbjain2007
Write a couple of paragraphs describing molecular/microscopic view of entropy. Please give
your references used.
Solution
Entropy is a thermodynamic state variable which describes the randomness or amount of re-
arrangement of molecules postions when compared to its previous arrangement of molecules
position . Entropy is a forward state variable as every feasible process in the universe is
associated with increase (POSITIVE change) in entropy or disorderness ( change in molecule
position\'s) just like that Time in the Universe which are cannot be reverted back.
while speaking to feasibility or probabilty of about certain proces on a system to be happen ,we
need to consider combine change in entropy in the system along with its surrounding\' entropy
change
Entropy change in system always due to the heat transfer across the system .With heat transfer
across the system, molecules undergo thermal agitation (Vibrates) and changes its position so
indicates molecule DISORDERNESS.
Write a C program that reads input as a stream of characters until e.pdfrbjain2007
Write a C program that reads input as a stream of characters until encountering EOF (hint: use
redirection). Have the program report the number of uppercase characters, the number of
lowercase characters, and the number of other characters read. (You can use the functions in
ctype.h for this assignment.) Use the attached file infile.txt as input when you submit your
assignment.
Solution.
Which of the following traits would you expect to find in the transi.pdfrbjain2007
Which of the following traits would you expect to find in the transitional organism Tiktaalik
rosaea linking amphibians and their fish ancestors?
A. Four limbs
B. Jaws
C. Amniotic egg
D. Only A and B
E. A, B, and C
Solution
D)only A AND B becauseTiktaalik rosaea has lower jaw and palate as found in fish.and tetrapod
limb bones (4 limbs).It doesnt have an amniotic egg ..
Why is RNA consideref to have attributes of both nucleic acids and.pdfrbjain2007
Why is RNA consideref to have attributes of both nucleic acids and protein?
Why is RNA consideref to have attributes of both nucleic acids and protein?
Solution
The RNA is considered to have attributes of both nucleic acids and proteins because it acts as a
genetic material like DNA in various viruses and it acts as a enzyme like proteins hence it is
considered to have attributes of both nucleic acids and proteins..
Which of these is the strongest bond double covalent bond hydrogen .pdfrbjain2007
Which of these is the strongest bond double covalent bond hydrogen bond single covalent
bond The main component of the cytosol is ____. proteins salts water sugars Which of these
molecules uses simple diffusion to pass through the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane? sodium
water carbon dioxide glucose Osmosis is movement of a substance like potassium down its
concentration gradient movement of water from an area of low H20 concentration to an area of
high H20 concentration movement of water from an area of high H20 concentration to an area
of low H20 concentration consumption of ATP
Solution
1,The main component of cytosol is -
ans-Water(about 70%)
2.which of these molecules uses simple difusion topass through the lipid bilayer of the cell
membrane
ans- Co2
3.osmosis is-
ans-Movement of water from an area of high H2O concentration to an area of low H2O
concentration
(During osmosis,solvent moves through a semipermeable membrane from high solvent
concentration to low solvent concentration.).
When a phosphate group is found in watera) The partially-negative.pdfrbjain2007
When a phosphate group is found in water:
a) The partially-negative oxygen atoms of the water molecules surround the oxygen atoms of the
phosphate group.
b) The partially-positive hydrogen atoms of the water molecules surround the oxygen atoms of
the phosphate group.
c) The partially-positive oxygen atoms of the water molecules surround the oxygen atoms of the
phosphate group.
d) Hydrophobic forces push the phosphate groups together to minimize their disruption on
hydrogen bonding between water molecules.
e) There is more than one correct answer above.
Solution
When a phosphate group is found in water:
b) The partially-positive hydrogen atoms of the water molecules surround the oxygen atoms of
the phosphate group..
What is an occupancy grid and how can it be used What are some of t.pdfrbjain2007
What is an occupancy grid and how can it be used? What are some of the problems that typically
occur in creating it?
Solution
Occupancy Grid Mapping refers to a family of computer algorithms in probabilistic robotics for
mobile robots which address the problem of generating maps from noisy and uncertain sensor
measurement data, with the assumption that the robot pose is known.
The basic idea of the occupancy grid is to represent a map of the environment as an evenly
spaced field of binary random variables each representing the presence of an obstacle at that
location in the environment. Occupancy grid algorithms compute approximate posterior
estimates for these random variables.
There are four major components of occupancy grid mapping approach. They are:
Interpretation,
Integration,
Position estimation, and
Exploration.
Occupancy grid algorithms represent the map as a fine-grained grid over the continuous space of
locations in the environment. The most common type of occupancy grid maps are 2d maps that
describe a slice of the 3d world.
what are three types of IC sensors that can be used in a digital fan.pdfrbjain2007
what are three types of IC sensors that can be used in a digital fan controller
Solution
Pulse width modulation sensor -the fan directly involves turning the fan power on and off at
fixed frequency.
Linear regulation- it controls dc voltage across the fan using linear regulator.
Dc-Dc regulation - it controls the speed of fan by adjusting dc voltage across it..
What are 3 of the main functions of the HL7 StandardDiscuss the i.pdfrbjain2007
What are 3 of the main functions of the HL7 Standard?
Discuss the importance of standards for exchanging health care data. Provide three examples of
standards used to exchange medical information.
Briefly describe each of the three standards you mentioned in question 2.
What is the difference between semantic and platform interoperability?
Match the standard to the description
Match the definition below with the standard name
Standard Name
Matching Standard Definition
RxNorm
HTTPS
CDA
HL7v2
HL7v3
CCR
XML
LOINC
SNOMED
CCD
HTML
ICD-10
A version of HL7 that is based on XML
Secure protocol to transfer web pages from a web server to a web browser
An open standard used to format web pages
An open standard for encoding data in a structured way
A standard that provides a set of universal codes and names to identify laboratory and other
clinical observations
Standard for EMRs from the HL7 Group
The current version of HL7 in use
A comprehensive clinical terminology, originally created by the College of American
Pathologists (CAP) and, as of April 2007, owned, maintained, and distributed by the
International Health Terminology Standards Development Organization (IHTSDO)
The new version of a standard that is used for coding of diseases and signs, symptoms, abnormal
findings, complaints, social circumstances and external causes of injury or diseases, as classified
by the World Health Organization (WHO).
NLM standard for standardized drug names
EMR standard from ASTM competing with CDA
US version of CDA standard for EMRs
Standard Name
Matching Standard Definition
RxNorm
HTTPS
CDA
HL7v2
HL7v3
CCR
XML
LOINC
SNOMED
CCD
HTML
ICD-10
Solution
1) 3 of the main functions of HL7 are:
2) Importance of standards for exchanging health care data
3)Examples:
Identify and maintain a patient record Identify and maintain a single patient record for each
patient:
Key identifying information is stored and linked to the patient record. Static data elements as
well as data elements that will change over time are maintained. A lookup function uses this
information to uniquely identify the patient.
Manage patient demographics Capture and maintain demographic information:
Where appropriate, the data should be clinically relevant, reportable and trackable over time.
Contact information including addresses and phone numbers, as well as key demographic
information such as date of birth, sex, and other information is stored and maintained for
reporting purposes and for the provision of care.
Manage summary lists Create and maintain patient-specific summary lists that are structured and
coded where appropriate:
Patient summary lists can be created from patient specific data and displayed and maintained in a
summary format. The functions below are important, but do not exhaust the possibilities.
4)Difference between semantic and platform interoperability:
Semantic interoperability is the ability to automatically interpret the information exchanged
meaningfully and accurately in order t.
Using your own words, describe the path of sperm from the beginning .pdfrbjain2007
Using your own words, describe the path of sperm from the beginning of development until it
exits the body. Include in your description all of the glands that contribute to semen, what they
contribute, and the function of each, and all structures it passes through.
Solution
Sperm mother cells are diploid and are called Spermatogonia. The process development of
Sperm cells from Sperm mother cells is called Spermatogenesis. It is started at the time of
puberty.
Spermatogonia undergo mitosis and form diploid Primary Spermatocytes. The Primary
Spermatocytes undergo meiosis1 to form secondary spermatocytes. Meiosis II completes and
forms four haploid spermatids per spermatogonium cell. The spermatids undergo a structural
transformation to form sperm cells or spermatozoa by a process termed spermiogenesis. The
spermatozoa embed their heads in nutrient rich Sertoli cells until released. The spermatozoa are
then released into the seminiferous tubules by a process termed spermiation.
The spermatogenesis is strictly under hormonal control. When a male child reaches puberty, his
hypothalamus releases high levels of Gonadotropin-releasing hormones (GnRH). The GnRH
stimulates anterior pituitary gland to release Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and Leutinizing
hormones (LH) in blood. These hormones reach the gonad; LH stimulates the are Leydig\'s cells
and FSH stimulates the Sertoli cells. LH-stimulated Leydig\'s cells release testosterone (very
important hormone for spermatogenesis) and estrodiol. While Sertoli cells release the androgen
binding protein (ABP, which concentrates the testosterone), estradiol and inhibin (control
secretion of FSH). The secretions of the Sertoli cells control the process of spermiogenesis. FSH
is also involved in the formation of blood-testis barrier, besides preventing apoptosis of type A
sperm mother cells.
The adrenal glands secrete estrogen hormone. The role of estrogen in spermatogenesis is
doubtful; however, a man with estrogen insensitive syndrome produced less viable sperms.
Antithetically high estrogen levels are detrimental to FSH and testosterone production.
Following spermiation, the sperms from seminiferous vesicles are transported to accessory ducts
and as it moves through ejaculatory ducts it mixes with the secretions of the seminal vesicle,
prostate, and bulbourethral glands to form semen..
The tetany that occurs in death vs tetanus infections occur for diff.pdfrbjain2007
The tetany that occurs in death vs tetanus infections occur for different reasons. They are most
likely be attributable to:
i. enhanced resequestering calcium vs enhanced acetylcholine release
ii. lack of ATP vs minimc acetylcholine action
iii. reduced acetylcholine release vs flooding with ATP
iv. mimic acetyl cholamine release vs failure to resequester calcium
Solution
Enhanced resequestering of calcium occurs in death while enhanced acetylcholine release can be
attributed to infection..
The part of the onion you eat (and the part that carries out pho.pdfrbjain2007
The part of the onion you eat (and the part that carries out photosynthesis. grows above ground.
grows below ground. forms between the stems and the leaves.
Solution
The part of onion you eat
Grows below ground
The bulb of the onion contains both a modified stem, in the center, we eat are layers that are
modified underground leaves..
The nonlinear differential equation x”+x=1+x2 arises in the analysis.pdfrbjain2007
The nonlinear differential equation x”+x=1+x2 arises in the analysis of planetary motion using
relativity theory. Classify (if possible) all critical points of the corresponding plane autonomous
systems.
Solution
Here the Differential Equation is given by
d2y/dx2 + x = 1 + 2ex
Implies d/dx(dy/dx) + x = 1 + 2ex
Integrating both sides, we get
dy/dx + x2/2 = x + 2ex +C1
Integarting again, we get
y + x3/6 = x2/2 + 2ex +C1 x +C2.
Prove or disprove If a group G is such that every proper subgroup is.pdfrbjain2007
Prove or disprove: If a group G is such that every proper subgroup is cyclic, then G is cyclic.
Solution
All of its proper subgroups are cyclic, but V4 is not itself cyclic. Another example would be the
dihedral group D3. Every proper subgroup has order 1, 2, or 3, and is thus cyclic. However, D3
is not cyclic. (It is not even abelian.)
Of course, the counterexample can be shown: the Klein group Z/2ZZ/2Z..
PART C Assessments Terms Articular cartilage Compact bone Epiphyseal.pdfrbjain2007
PART C: Assessments Terms Articular cartilage Compact bone Epiphyseal Ane Periosteum Red
bone marrow Spongy bone Yellow bone marrow tata and 1211. provided terms the
Solution
The long bone of the leg have 3 sectios:
Now coming to the labelling of the given figure, it will be:
1. Articular cartilage
2. Yellow bone marrow
3. Periosteum
4. Compact bone
5. Epiphysial line
6. Spongy bone
7. Articular cartilage.
Modern orangutans most likely evolved froma. Dryopithecus.b. Siv.pdfrbjain2007
Modern orangutans most likely evolved from
a. Dryopithecus.
b. Sivapithecus.
c. Ouranopithecus.
d. Kenyapithecus.
Solution
Sivapithecus is considered to be ancestor of modern day orangutans .... the reference for this
answer is:
(Palmer, 1999)
Palmer, D. (1999). The Marshall Illustrated Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs and Prehistoric Animals.
MarshallEditions, UK
Hope it helps ..... Regards.
MasteringBiology Ch. Google Chrome Secure https session masteringbi.pdfrbjain2007
MasteringBiology: Ch. Google Chrome Secure https: session
masteringbiology.com/myct/itemView?assignmentProbleml BIOL 3215 Cell Biology Spring
2017 Ch 15 Chapter 15, Question 3 basolateral surface The is a carbohydrate-rich zone
juxtaposed between the plasma membrane and the lgSFs of many types of animal cells.
cadherins These are transmembrane proteins that serve as receptors for ECM proteins such as
collagen, fibronectins fibronectin, and laminin; is the best-characterized ECM The groups
mediate cell-cell recognition and adhesion the two groups of proteins can be distinguished elastin
from each other functionally because of the calcium requirement of but not integrin apical
surface is the surfaces of intestinal epithelial cells that face the lumen of the intestine. selectin is
the surfaces of intestinal epithelial cells that face the circulatory system. collagen occur widely
throughout supporting tissues and body fluids, whereas laminins U are found mainly in the basal
laminae. glycocalyx is responsible for the strength of the ECM, whereas imparts elasticity and
flexibility to the ECM. Submit My Answers Gve Ask me anything previous l 8 of 9 l next x
Provide Feedback Continue 54 PM 1/25/2017
Solution
1. glyco calxy, ECM
2. Fibronectin is the best characterized integrin.
3.cadherins and integrins
4.Apical surface is the surface of the intestine that face the lumen of the intestine , basal surface
is the surface is the surfaces that face the circulatory system.
6.collagen is responsible for the strength of the ECM while elastin imparts elasticity and
flexibility to the ECM..
male fireflies are recognized by females of their species by the pat.pdfrbjain2007
male fireflies are recognized by females of their species by the pattern of their flashings, while
male crickets are recognized by females of their species by their chirping. These are examples of
Solution
Answer:
Behavioural isolation
Many animal speices have courtship patterns that allow males and females to recognize one
another. Many males recognize females of their species by sensing chemical signals called
pheromones..
Let k be the number of ON-state devices in a group of n devices on a .pdfrbjain2007
Let k be the number of ON-state devices in a group of n devices on a circuit board. Assume all n
devices are independent (functionally). Write a program (in MatLab or in C/C++ to compute
P(k) = (n k) (p^k) (l - p)^n - k, if P denotes the probability of a device being ON state.
Solution
defects=0:200; y = binopdf(defects,200,.02); [x,i]=max(y); defects(i).
Let A be the event that a person is elderly. Let B be the event that.pdfrbjain2007
Let A be the event that a person is elderly. Let B be the event that a person has poor eyesight.
Which of the following is true? Select one.
The events are disjoint and are not independent.
The events are not disjoint and are not independent.
The events are not disjoint and are independent.
The events are disjoint and are independent.A.
The events are disjoint and are not independent.B.
The events are not disjoint and are not independent.C.
The events are not disjoint and are independent.D.
The events are disjoint and are independent.
Solution
Disjoint or Mutually Exclusive Events.
Two events are disjoint or mutually exclusive if the occurrence of one is incompatible with the
occurrence of the other; that is, if they can\'t both happen at once (if they have no outcome in
common). Equivalently, two events are disjoint if their intersection is the empty set.
Independent, independence.
Two events A and B are (statistically) independent if the chance that they both happen
simultaneously is the product of the chances that each occurs individually; i.e., if P(AB) =
P(A)P(B). This is essentially equivalent to saying that learning that one event occurs does not
give any information about whether the other event occurred too:
Hence event A represent the person is elderly. Let B be the event that a person has poor
eyesight.both are independent and disjoint.
answer d .The events are disjoint and are independent..
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
what is the basic shape of individual cyanobacterial cells Contrast.pdf
1. what is the basic shape of individual cyanobacterial cells? Contrast the arrangement of these cells
in the two different types of cyanobacteria you observed (anabaena, oscillatoria, gleocapsa are
the ones we observed)
Solution
Cyanobacteria exist in a wide varety of sizes and shapes. The most common among them are
spherical, rod and spiral. The shapes of differenent cyanobacteria are dicated by their cell
wall.Based on their shape, known more formally as their “morphology,” cyanobacteria have
been classified into five groups: chroococcales, pleurocapsales, oscillatoriales, nostocales and
stigonematales. However, the common lineage of only the last two groups has been established.
Individiual cells vary in size and shape.Most of them are slender and tubular, but some have a
more flat oval shape.
Anabaena is a filamentous cyanobacteria. However, it can be easily distinguished by the
presence of string-beaded appearance taken up by cells associated with each other. Several
intercalary heterocysts are present in the trichome.
Oscillatoria belongs to filamentous form of cyanobacteria, with more than 100 sub-species.Its
body is composed of single row of cells, with unbranched trichomes and single layer of
mucilage.
Gleocapsa forms spherical colonies, enclosed in a thick layer of mucilage.
