Sociology is the study of human social life, groups, and societies. It examines how people interact and form relationships within social groups and how these relationships shape human behavior and experience. Sociologists study social behavior scientifically and systematically to understand how individuals are influenced by living in groups and being part of society. They investigate social structures like institutions, social groups, and social order to explain how order is created, maintained, and reproduced in human societies.
The basic sociological concepts and its relevance to health and nursing:
• Definition of Social science/Sociology- pg 2 in Pretoruis & pg 3 in Du Toit
• Sociologist- pg 8 in Pretoruis
• Anthropology- pg 7 in Du Toit
• Definition of a Social perspective- pg 10 in Du Toit
• Sociological imagination- pg 9 in Du Toit.
• Medical sociology.
• Definition of Social interaction- pg 80 in Du Toit
• Society- definition in Reader, characteristics,
• Community- definition in Reader, characteristics,
• Urban and rural communities (interaction and differences)
• Social structures (Status: ascribed, achieved, master; Position and role: role set, role strain, role conflict)- pg 85 in Du Toit
• Social groups- pg 125 in Du Toit
• The family: functions pf 172, transformation, alternative forms,
• Social institutions - pg 189 in Du Toit
• Social stratification- pg 103 in Du Toit
• Social relationships (Primary & Secondary relationship characteristics) - pg 96-98 in Du Toit
This Slide will not explore only the defination of Sociology. But will also elaborate how Sociology differs from other social science such as, Psychology, Political Science and Economics. It will also enlighten how social sciences has emerged?
The basic sociological concepts and its relevance to health and nursing:
• Definition of Social science/Sociology- pg 2 in Pretoruis & pg 3 in Du Toit
• Sociologist- pg 8 in Pretoruis
• Anthropology- pg 7 in Du Toit
• Definition of a Social perspective- pg 10 in Du Toit
• Sociological imagination- pg 9 in Du Toit.
• Medical sociology.
• Definition of Social interaction- pg 80 in Du Toit
• Society- definition in Reader, characteristics,
• Community- definition in Reader, characteristics,
• Urban and rural communities (interaction and differences)
• Social structures (Status: ascribed, achieved, master; Position and role: role set, role strain, role conflict)- pg 85 in Du Toit
• Social groups- pg 125 in Du Toit
• The family: functions pf 172, transformation, alternative forms,
• Social institutions - pg 189 in Du Toit
• Social stratification- pg 103 in Du Toit
• Social relationships (Primary & Secondary relationship characteristics) - pg 96-98 in Du Toit
This Slide will not explore only the defination of Sociology. But will also elaborate how Sociology differs from other social science such as, Psychology, Political Science and Economics. It will also enlighten how social sciences has emerged?
sociology is a science of society, which according to Peter BERGER is a consciousness. Which tries to make sense in the senseless situation. Simple a subject which is the voice of voiceless.
Ashford 2: - Week 1 - Instructor Guidance
Source:http://www.palomar.edu/sociology/
SOC 120 Ethics & Social Responsibility
Week 1 Guidance
Source: http://www.skillsandethics.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/ethics-paid-for.jpg
Weekly Activities
Here is what you will be doing this week:
· Post your Introduction (Day 1, Tuesday),
· Read Chapter 1 in the text: Introduction to Ethics and Social Responsibility
· Read Chapter 2 in the text: Ethical Questions in the Public Square
· Post to Discussion Board 1 on Theory, Evidence, Beliefs and Bias (Day 3, Thursday)
· Post to Discussion Board 2 on Three Classical Ethical Theories (Day 3, Thursday)
· Respond to two discussion posts by classmates in each discussion (by Day 7, Monday)
· Week One Quiz (due by Day 7, Monday)
Brief Introduction to Sociology
For those who have not taken a Sociology course previously, here is a brief introduction to the discipline...
Sociology is the study of the relationship between individuals and their social contexts (Mills, 1959). Like other social scientists, sociologists are interested in understanding human behavior, and Sociology is focused on the social causes of human behavior. Humans are by nature social beings; we cannot survive unless we interact with other humans. But our interactions are not random, they are shaped by our social context, which consists of our relationships with others, our cultural values and beliefs, the rules of institutions (e.g., family, religion, government, economy) we participate in, our position in social hierarchies, and our experiences in previous interactions, among other things. All of these exert influence over our decisions and actions, by shaping how we perceive and interpret the actions of others around us.
Our relationships, social groups, organizations, social class, institutions, and culture―which taken together form the structure of our society―are created as we interact with others. Our experiences within our social structures always guide us as we interact with others, and by “acting normally” within the parameters of our social context, we reinforce all of the structures that constitute the context. Thus, our interactions are both shaping our social context, and also shaping us at the same time. Our social context and structures influence our own personalities, identities and worldviews. And these guide us in making decisions and in acting.
People experience interaction within these social structures over the course of a lifetime, beginning with interaction in the family, then among their neighbors, then with their teachers and classmates at school, perhaps in their church, later in the workplace, and so on. So, most of us do not think of ourselves as constructing the institutions―they are already in place when we are born and we live our lives within their rules. But, in fact, every time we adhere to time-honored means of interaction, we are essentially recreating that rule, and thus recreating the institution.
So.
Social literacy helps you to have an ability to interpret and comprehend social policy and privacy. To manage social interaction with the community that you belong.
Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) are defined as semi structured group discussions, which yield qualitative data on the community level by facilitating interaction between participants.
1. What is Sociology?
Group-I Presented to:
Ms. Nazmeen Sohail
Presented By:
Mr. Waheed A. Qureshi
M.Sc. Sociology (1st Semester)
2. “Sociology may be defined “Sociology is the
as the study of society – the Auguste
objective study of human
web of human interactions Comte first behaviour in so far it is
and relationships” Ginsberg used the word affected by the fact
(“The study of Society”, Sociology in people live in groups”:
1939) Sugarman (Sociology”,
1836
1968)
“The purpose of Sociology is
the scientific study of human What is Sociology ?
society through the
investigation of people’s
social behaviour”: Giner “Sociology is the study of
“Sociology”, 1972 individuals in a social
setting…. Sociologists
study the
interrelationships between
individuals, organizations,
“Sociology is the study of human
cultures and societies”:
social life, groups and societies. It is
Ritzer (“Sociology”,
a dazzling and compelling enterprise,
1979)
having as its subject matter our own
behaviour as social beings. The
scope of sociology is extremely wide, “Sociology is the study of individuals in groups
ranging from the analysis of passing in a systematic way, which grew out of the
encounters between individuals in the research for understanding associated with the
street up to the investigation of world- industrial and scientific revolutions of the 18 th
wide social processes”: Giddens and 19th centuries”: Lawson and Garrod (“The
(Sociology”, 1989) Complete A-Z Sociology Handbook”, 1996)
3. Two Major Themes
Identify some of the things Identify some of the ways
sociologists study sociologists study social life
Sociologists study social The definitions included words like
behaviour – people and their “scientific”, “systematic” and
patterns of behaviour. The focus “objective” – ideas that tell us
is on the way people form about how sociologists study
relationships and how these behaviour and the kinds of
relationships, considered in their knowledge they are trying to
totality, are represented by the produce to explain such behaviour.
concept of a “society”
The focus of attention is group Sociologists create knowledge that
behaviour – how the groups is factual, rather than simply based
people join or are born into (family, on opinion. Systematic ways of
work, education and so forth) affect studying social behaviour are used
their development and behaviour. – sociologists test their ideas about
social behaviour using evidence
drawn from their observations
4. “Sociology is a social science concerned with the study of social
relationships and the various ways these relationships are patterned in terms
of our membership of social groups”.
This being the case, we need to look a little more closely at the concepts of
social groups in order to understand how the relationships we form shape our
behaviour…….
5. A Friendship Group A Work Group
includes people who Might include people
hang around together who do the same
because they like type of job.
each other.
A Family Group A Peer Group An Educational Group
People who are Includes people Might includes people
related by birth, of roughly the studying together in
marriage, etc. same age the same University or
class.
A “social group” is a collection of individuals who
interact – both formally and informally – with each
other.
6. The largest group
Structure to which we
Society usually belong.
Our relationships are
based on (or Institutions
structured by) both
formal and informal
rules. “Society” Small Groups
therefore, represents
a totality of
relationships that Action
Individuals
imposes rules upon
our behaviour.
Groups, such as
families, peer and
friendship groups,
etc.
Institutions are stable
patterns of group
behaviour that persist The main types of institutional groups in our society are:
over long periods of Family and Kinship, Government, Work and Cultural
time. Institutions such as the Media, Education and Religion
7. One of the main things That is, the way our individual lives are built
sociologists investigate are around social relationships and the rules we
“Social Structure” have developed to govern such relationships.
In the following screens, therefore, we need to investigate some of the
ways our behaviour is constrained, formally and informally, by social
structures…
Sociologists argue that our individual choices of behaviour are shaped by the
relationships we form (or have imposed on us).
8. Some of the Ways–Influence Our Behaviour:
Society The Media
• Language • Lifestyle
• Laws • Advertising
School Our Family
• Respect for Authority • Right and Wrong Behaviour
• Learning • Language
Our Peers Our Friends
• Fashion • Self-perception
• Gender Behaviour
9. If Sociology is the study of social
relationships and the way in which our
lives are structured by rules, it follows
that the initial answer to the question
“What is Sociology?”
is that it is the study of Social Order….
In other words, Sociology explains how order is:
A "social order" is a relatively persistent system of
Created institutions, patterns of interactions and customs,
capable of continually reproducing at least those
conditions essential for its own existence. The
Maintained concept refers to all those facts of society which
remain relatively constant over time. These
Reproduced conditions could include both property, exchange
and power relations, but also cultural forms,
communication relations and ideological systems
of values.