Wh-cleft sentences are used to emphasize specific information in a sentence by restructuring it with "what" or "why" clauses and a form of the verb "be". They can emphasize the subject, object, or entire sentence. What-cleft sentences rearrange elements of the original sentence around a "what" clause followed by a form of "be" plus the emphasized element. They-cleft sentences similarly emphasize reasons or other elements with "the reason why" or "the thing that" clauses.

1. Wh-Cleft Sentences

2. Wh-Cleft Sentences
WH-Clause + BE + EMPHASISED WORD/PHRASE
Use WHAT as the subject of the sentence when you want to
emphasize information.
e.g. A person’s smile is really important to me.
What’s really important to me is a person’s smile.

3. Wh-Cleft Sentences
WH-Clause + BE + EMPHASISED WORD/PHRASE
Use cleft sentences with verbs other than be by inserting
what at the beginning of the sentence and a form of be after
the main verb.
e.g. I always notice a person's hands.
What I always notice is a person’s hands.
MV

4. Wh-Cleft Sentences
To emphasize the whole sentence rather than just the
part following the main verb, use a cleft sentence with
what and a form with the verb do.
e.g. She writes all her novels on a typewriter.
What she does is (to) write all her novels on a
typewriter.

5. Wh-Cleft Sentences
 Cleft structure can include expressions like the
reason why, the thing that, the place where, and
the person who. These structures are typically
used with the verb be.
e.g. The reason why I am wearing glasses is to
protect my eyes.
The place where I do all the shopping is the mall.